Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The symptom complex of localized facial gustatory sweating and flushing during mastication (The Frey syndrome) is a common sequela of parotidectomy with facial nerve dissection. A thorough review of the literature concerning the Frey syndrome is reported. The procedure of tympanic neurectomy has received special emphasis with a review of 73 cases of tympanic neurectomy. The treatment modalities available, if tympanic neurectomy fails, are discussed. Important guidelines for the safe use of topical therapy to control gustatory sweating are presented as an alternative to surgical therapy. The author studied 129 post parotidectomy patients in whom 60% noted symptomatic gustatory sweating, and approximately one-fourth fo these symptomatic patients requested topical anticholinergic therapy, with one patient electing tympanic neurectomy. The only form of medical treatment presently available utilizes the topical application of scopolamine, a drug having potentially significant central nervous system side effects if systemically absorbed. In an effort to find an effective drug for topical application with a more favorable therapeutic index than scopolamine, glycopyrrolate was investigated. Glycopyrrolate was compared in varying concentrations to topical scopolamine in a personally conducted double blind clinical trial involving 16 patients. Initial results of this investigation suggest that topical glycopyrrolate in concentrations 0f 0.5% and 1.0% provide complete effective control of gustatory sweating for at least several days duration after a single application. There have been no significant side effects with the use of topical glycopyrrolate to date. Commercial topical antiperspirants were also investigated and found to be of limited benefit.
 ...
PMID:The Frey syndrome: a review and double blind evaluation of the topical use of a new anticholinergic agent. 36 94

The authors conducted a double-blind study to compare premedication with oral glycopyrrolate and oral atropine in prevention of bradycardia and hypotension during induction of anesthesia with halothane-N2O in 90 outpatient infants and children aged 1-18 mo who were randomized into three groups to receive either an oral placebo, oral atropine (0.02 mg/kg), or oral glycopyrrolate (0.05 mg/kg) approximately 1 h before induction of anesthesia. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were measured before drug administration, just before induction of anesthesia, and every minute until surgical stimulation occurred. Glycopyrrolate, at the dose used, was significantly less effective than atropine in attenuating bradycardia during induction; neither glycopyrrolate nor atropine altered the incidence or degree of hypotension. Antisialagogic activity and side effects were comparable, except for significantly more flushing with atropine.
 ...
PMID:Is premedication with oral glycopyrrolate as effective as oral atropine in attenuating cardiovascular depression in infants receiving halothane for induction of anesthesia? 186 19

Fifty-four parents/caretakers of children with cerebral palsy were surveyed regarding their use of antisialorrheic medication for excessive drooling. Glycopyrrolate was used by 37 of 41 respondents, with significant improvement in drooling noted in the vast majority (95%) of cases as indicated by a five-point rating scale. Side effects (dry mouth, thick secretions, urinary retention, or flushing) surfaced in almost half (44%) of the patients but necessitated discontinuation of pharmacologic treatment in less than a third. While larger clinical studies are needed, our preliminary data indicate a trial of glycopyrrolate should be considered in children with cerebral palsy where drooling is a significant problem.
 ...
PMID:Use of glycopyrrolate and other anticholinergic medications for sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. 972 4