Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We administered recombinant (biosynthetic) human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to 16 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and leukopenia (2225 +/- 614 cells per microliter [mean +/- SD]). Each patient first received a single intravenous dose; 48 hours later a 14-day continuous intravenous infusion of the agent was begun. The doses used were 1.3 X 10(3) (n = 4), 2.6 X 10(3) (n = 4), 5.2 X 10(3) (n = 4), 1.0 X 10(4) (n = 3), or 2.0 X 10(4) (n = 1) U per kilogram of body weight per day. Administration of recombinant GM-CSF resulted in dose-dependent increases in circulating leukocytes and in increases in circulating neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. The peak leukocyte count ranged from 4575 +/- 2397 cells per microliter at the lowest dose, to 48,700 in the patient receiving the highest dose. Mild side effects--low-grade fever, myalgia, phlebitis, and flushing--were observed in some patients; there were no life-threatening toxic reactions. Our data demonstrate that recombinant human GM-CSF is well tolerated and biologically active in leukopenic patients with AIDS. Strategies to increase the number and function of circulating leukocytes may reduce the morbidity and mortality of infections in these and other patients with leukopenia.
N Engl J Med 1987 Sep 03
PMID:Effect of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on myelopoiesis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 349 44

An inflight, clinically-oriented investigation of SMS was begun on STS-4 and revealed the following: compared to motion sickness on Earth, autonomic signs are significantly different in space motion sickness (SMS) vs. motion sickness (MS) in that sweating is not present, pallor or flushing may be present, and vomiting is episodic, sudden, and brief. Nausea may be present but is more often absent. Onset ranges from minutes to hours, plateaus, and rapidly resolves in 8-72 h with 36 h as average. Postflight reactions have been mild unless deliberately provoked in the early period of re-exposure to gravity. Postflight there is a period of resistance to all forms of motion sickness. There is some evidence for individual reduction in sensitivity on repeated flights. Etiology could not be proven objectively; however, the sensitivity to angular motion, often pronounced in pitch, and theoretical considerations make an intravestibular conflict the most likely cause. Electro-oculogram (EOG), audio-evoked potentials, measurement of fluid shifts, and other studies are inconsistent with a transient vestibular hydrops or increased intracranial pressure as a cause.
Aviat Space Environ Med 1987 Sep
PMID:Clinical characterization and etiology of space motion sickness. 349 91

Direct seeding of endothelial cells onto synthetic vascular prostheses has become the subject of increasing surgical research during the last 5 to 7 years. The currently employed cell harvest techniques are inefficient, resulting in cell counts far below the number of cells calculated to be present on the original donor vein. We have compared two methods of enzymatic endothelial cell harvest: cannulation with flushing and eversion over a stainless steel rod. Harvested cells were plated onto tissue culture plastic and counted after 24 hours of incubation. The methods ensured that only those cells viable and functional enough to adhere to the plastic were being considered. Cells were identified as endothelial by immunohistochemical techniques applying antisera to factor VIII-related antigen. Segments of normal vein and of veins treated by each technique were viewed with a scanning electron microscope. Cannulation was the superior method, providing greater numbers of viable, functional cells. The eversion technique was unreliable and probably injurious to endothelial cells.
J Vasc Surg 1986 Sep
PMID:Endothelial cell harvest for seeding vascular prostheses: the influence of technique on cell function, viability, and number. 352 33

Seven patients, four women and three men, with a median age of 64 years (range, 53-74 years) were randomized to treatment with either ketanserin, 40-160 mg daily, or placebo. The study included 13 treatment periods with ketanserin and 13 with placebo. All patients had typical symptoms, with flushing as their main complaint. The diagnosis had been verified histologically. All had elevated excretion of 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid in urine. During the trial ketanserin reduced the number of flushing attacks in five patients (p less than 0.05). Diarrhoea was reduced in two patients. No side effects were observed. Ketanserin seems valuable for the symptomatic relief in the carcinoid syndrome.
Scand J Gastroenterol 1986 Sep
PMID:Ketanserin versus placebo in carcinoid syndrome. A clinical controlled trial. 353 8

A novel, colorimetric method using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) in tandem with membrane filtration is described for the determination of death rates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to microbiocides. This method enables results to be obtained on the same day in contrast to the 18 h required by the accepted aerobic plate count method. The microbiocides investigated were the preservatives 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (Bronopol), N-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(1,3-dihydroxymethyl-2,5- dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N'-(hydroxymethyl)-urea (Germall II), phenethyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol. D values (time required per log reduction of E coli) were determined by this method, and equations relating the D values to preservative concentrations were derived [i.e., eta values (the logarithmic values relating changes in rates of kill for specified changes in concentration) and A values (extrapolated D values at 1% concentration) were determined]. these equations are compared with those previously published using the accepted aerobic plate count method. The potential advantages of this method are that it has a broad range of application as TTC is reduced by a wide variety of microbes; the test is easily done; results can be achieved in one day; dead cells do not cause interference; test sensitivity can be increased by increasing the length of incubation time or by using membrane filtration in tandem with TTC reduction; and preservative inactivation may be achieved by filtration and flushing with an inactivator, or by adding neutralizers to the TTC broth.
J Pharm Sci 1986 Sep
PMID:2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride as a novel tool in germicide dynamics. 353 77

The first dose and steady state pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were studied in 16 seriously ill preterm infants (less than or equal to 34 wk gestational age) with documented Staphylococcus epidermidis infections. One infant was dropped from the study due to peripheral flushing occurring during administration of the first dose. Individual vancomycin doses ranged from 9.8 to 17.8 mg/kg and were infused intravenously over 15-37 min. Fifteen infants were studied after the first dose of vancomycin, whereas only 12 of these 15 were able to be studied under steady state conditions. Vancomycin half-life, steady-state volume of distribution, and body clearance averaged 6.0 h, 0.53 liter/kg, and 1.22 ml/min after the first dose and only slight differences were observed in these parameter estimates under steady state conditions. However, substantial accumulation of vancomycin in serum was observed with multiple dosing. Complete 8-h urine collections were possible in 12 of 15 premature infants after the first dose of vancomycin. Overall, 44.6% of the dose was recovered in the urine with a corresponding vancomycin renal ClR averaging 0.88 ml/min. Vancomycin body Cl correlated directly with renal ClR (r = 0.88, p less than 0.001) and body weight (r = 0.8, p less than 0.001). Vancomycin pharmacokinetic parameter estimates Vdss and Cl correlated directly with body weight, surface area, and postconceptional age. No significant relationships were observed between these parameter estimates and gestational age or postnatal age. Fourteen of 15 infants were treated successfully for their underlying infectious process. These data support the use of lower doses of vancomycin than previously recommended for the treatment of preterm infants.
Pediatr Res 1987 Sep
PMID:The clinical pharmacology of vancomycin in seriously ill preterm infants. 365 57

In comparative microcorrosion casting studies on renal vascular systems the following demands should be met: The preparation procedure (anaesthesia, operation, flushing of the blood vascular system, ...) should be in accord with the specific physiological properties of the animal under investigation and the casting procedure (injection, curing, maceration, ...) should be kept constant as far as possible. If these points are considered, comparative data, even of quantitative nature, can be obtained from corrosion casts. Examples of results at the organ, single vessel and intercellular level as well as correlation of the results with physiological data are given.
Scanning Microsc 1987 Sep
PMID:Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts in comparative studies on renal vascular structure. 365 65

Forty-seven nosocomial cases of legionellosis due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 were diagnosed in one major outbreak from November 1982 to March 1983 in a 960-bed teaching hospital. Contaminated water was considered to be a possible source of infection because, during that period, monthly samples were found to be positive with averages of 10(4) CFU/l. After chlorination of hot water associated with flushing of outlets, nearly all samples taken in the next two years were found to be negative. A case-control study was performed to examine potential risk factors. Three groups of controls were randomly selected among eligible patients. In a multivariate analysis, only three clinical factors were found to be associated with legionellosis patients: malignant illness (relative risk, RR = 3.5), presence of an ultimately fatal disease (RR = 2.6), and exposure to corticosteroids prior to admission (RR = 7.9). Investigations of in-hospital exposures suggest that during this nosocomial outbreak diagnostic or therapeutic respiratory procedures had not increased the risk of illness. Although the epidemiological association between water contamination and disease remains unclear, the eradication of L. pneumophila from the identified supply seems to have been effective in preventing disease in this hospital.
Int J Epidemiol 1987 Sep
PMID:Epidemiological survey of a major outbreak of nosocomial legionellosis. 366 49

Indications for the administration of vancomycin in the perioperative period have expanded in recent years. Used in this situation, vancomycin has caused adverse reactions, the most serious of which is hypotension. We describe five patients who had adverse reactions to vancomycin perioperatively. Vancomycin-induced hypotension usually results from a negative inotropic and vasodilator effect produced in part by a histamine-release phenomenon, which occurs most commonly with rapid intravenous infusion of the drug. Such a release of histamine may also produce an acute urticarial flushing of the upper torso (the "red neck syndrome") and symptoms of pain and muscle spasm in the chest or paraspinal muscles, which may mimic myocardial infarction. These effects usually abate promptly when the infusion of vancomycin is discontinued, and their resolution may be expedited by administration of an antihistamine.
Mayo Clin Proc 1986 Sep
PMID:Adverse effects of vancomycin administered in the perioperative period. 374 14

We reviewed clinical findings in 740 patients over age 65 who consulted the Otological Medical Group, Inc., during a one-year period for dizziness. A thorough neurotologic evaluation is indicated in every such case to determine the specific cause of dizziness. In 21 per cent of these patients, a specific cause of dizziness was found. In the remaining 79 per cent, the diagnosis of primary dysequilibrium of ageing (presbyastasis) was made. We classified dysequilibrium of ageing (presbyastasis) according to the character, time course, and precipitating factors of dizziness. Two clinical types were described: constant and episodic; episodic dizziness was subdivided into orthostatic, positional, and unclassified. The histological findings in the temporal bones of four cases with dysequilibrium of ageing were reviewed. Pathological changes other than those in the peripheral vestibular system seem to be responsible for dysequilibrium of ageing. In the present series, about three-fourths of the patients had a daily dose of nicotinic acid to produce flushing of the skin. In 16 per cent, the dizziness was minor, requiring no special treatment. In the remaining 9 per cent with incapacitating vertigo, a vasodilator regimen, antivertiginous drugs, and Cawthorne's vestibular exercises were prescribed.
J Laryngol Otol 1986 Sep
PMID:Dysequilibrium of ageing (presbyastasis). 376 Jun 85


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