Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present work examines the mechanism of testicular toxicity of acrylonitrile. In testicular centrifugal fractions from Sprague Dawley rats, the metabolism of VCN to cyanide (CN-) was highest in the microsomal fraction and required NADPH for maximum activity. This biotransformation of VCN to CN- was characterized with respect to time (30 min), microsomal protein concentration (1.5 mg ml(-1)), pH (7.5) and temperature (37 degrees C). The V(max) of the reaction was 65.1 pmol CN- mg protein(-1) min(-1) and K(m) was 88.6 micromol VCN. Flushing the microsomes with carbon monoxide (CO)(4:1, CO/O2 v/v), addition of benzimidazole (1 mM) or addition of SKF 525-A (5x10(-4) M) to incubation mixtures significantly inhibited VCN metabolism by 49%, 54% and 37.4% respectively. Activation of VCN to CN- was markedly increased in microsomes obtained from phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats (128.2%). Addition of glutathione (GSH), L-cysteine, D-penicillamine or 2-mercaptoethanol significantly enhanced the release of CN- from VCN 126%, 247%, 202% and 129% of the control value respectively. These findings indicate that VCN is metabolized in the testis via cytochrome P-450 dependent mixed function oxidase system.
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PMID:In-vitro testicular bioactivation of acrylonitrile. 917 82

The copolymer of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, hydroxy ethyl acrylate (ZB-004), the copolymer of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, hydroxy ethyl acrylate, acrylamide (ZB-014) and the copolymer of acrylonitrile, hydroxy ethyl acrylate (ZB-016) were coated on the inner surface of fused-silica capillaries by just filling the capillary with solutions containing these copolymers followed by flushing the capillary with nitrogen. The physically adsorbed layer can reduce both protein adsorption and electroosmotic flow in the pH range of 3-5. Electroosmotic flow decreased by raising the concentrations of the copolymers. Separation performance of ZB-004 layer is better than those of other two layers due to its low hydrophilicity, but with higher pH values, appreciable peak deformation and increase in electroosmosis were observed. The intra day and inter day migration reproducibility were investigated in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) with four basic proteins at pH 4.0. The RSDs of the intra day migration times were less than 2%. The RSDs of the inter day migration times were less than 4%. At pH 5.0, the RSDs of the migration times in two ZB-004-coated capillaries made on two different days were less than 1%. Separation efficiencies of four basic proteins in a ZB-004-coated capillary which stored in a buffer (pH 4.0) for fifteen days after being used for 14 days decreased 15%. These coatings were stable and exhibited reproducible separations from intra day, inter day and inter column under acidic conditions.
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PMID:[The novel copolymer coated capillary columns of electrophoresis and their applications to separation of proteins]. 1254 33