Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because relatively undiluted concentrations of drugs are maintained for prolonged periods in the Y-side arm of rapidly flowing iv infusions, we visually determined compatibilities of ten commonly used cancer chemotherapy drugs and four adjunctive drugs including droperidol, metoclopramide, furosemide, and heparin. Droperidol was found to be incompatible with furosemide, methotrexate, leucovorin, heparin, and 5-FU. Furosemide was incompatible with metoclopramide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and vinblastine in addition to droperidol. Doxorubicin was incompatible with heparin. If these drugs were administered sequentially into the Y-side arm of an iv infusion, precipitation would be expected with drug inactivation and possible drug embolization to the pulmonary circulation. Flushing the Y-side arm with a compatible solution after drug administration will prevent this problem.
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PMID:Drug precipitation within i.v. tubing: a potential hazard of chemotherapy administration. 409 96

Thirty patients with symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome and other symptoms not controlled by pharmacological agents were analysed with respect to the value of various treatment measures used. Tumour devascularization was carried out in 11 patients, either by surgical ligation of the main hepatic artery (6) or by percutaneous arterial embolization (5). The latter was shown to be the safer technique, both with respect to initial morbidity/mortality and other side effects. Control of flushing and diarrhoea was achieved in 80% and the technique was also repeated on one occasion with success when symptoms recurred. The use of cytotoxic drugs alone, including 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin produced symptomatic relief in only 4 of the 22 patients treated. They should only be considered if devascularization by arterial embolization proves impossible or cannot be repeated when symptoms recur.
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PMID:Use of arterial devascularization and cytotoxic drugs in 30 patients with the carcinoid syndrome. 618 1

There is an ever-increasing number of therapeutics used to treat cancer. A recent publication listed 86 currently available antineoplastic medications. Despite this large number, hypersensitivity reactions are not common except with platinum compounds (cisplatin, carboplatin), epipodophyllotoxins (teniposide, etoposide), asparaginase, taxanes (paclitaxel), and procarbazine. Doxorubicin and 6-mercaptopurine are occasionally associated with hypersensitivity reaction. Comparable reactions with other chemotherapeutic agents are. uncommon; many are only anecdotal reports. Reactions associated with individual drugs are discussed in detail. The mechanisms responsible for most of these reactions are not known, as they have generally not been evaluated. The term "hypersensitivity" is widely used in the chemotherapy literature without a common definition. Hypersensitivity is defined here as an unexpected reaction with signs and symptoms not consistent with known toxicity of the drug. Most reactions are coincident with or within hours of drug administration. Almost all are associated with parenteral administration. Symptoms include flushing, alterations in heart rate and blood pressure, dyspnea and bronchospasm, back pain, fever, pruritus, nausea and all types of rashes. Some cases may be due to non-immune mediated release of histamine or cytokines, as many patients can subsequently tolerate re-exposure after pretreatment with steroids and antihistamine, and slow readministration of the drug. This is more compatible with a graded challenge, than desensitization and is generally successful for taxanes, less so for platinum compounds. In most cases hypersensitivity reactions are associated with the specific chemotherapeutic drug. Reaction rates may vary with different forms of the drugs, e.g. pegylated. Occasionally excipients such as Cremaphor EL may induce hypersensitivity reactions.
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PMID:Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs. 1272 96

A new method for treating malignant glioma by concurrent intra-arterial injection of adriamycin during thermotherapy was performed in seven patients with malignant glioma, four males and three females, with five cases of glioblastoma and two of anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Adriamycin was intra-arterially injected at a dose of 20 mg via the common carotid artery during thermotherapy. The heating procedure was repeated three times combined with chemotherapy in one therapy course, and a total of nine therapy courses were performed in the seven patients. All patients tolerated the protocol well. Based on post-therapy computed tomography, five of the therapy courses achieved partial response, one course resulted in disease progression, and the remaining three courses showed no change. The median time to progression was 3.4 months and the overall median length of survival following stereotactic biopsy was 13.2 months. Facial flushing was observed during eight therapy courses, and extensive alopecia in six therapy courses. Intracystic concentrations of adriamycin were determined in three patients, and marked increases were observed. Intra-arterial injection chemotherapy during hyperthermia is a promising therapeutic method for treatment of malignant glioma with few adverse effects.
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PMID:Interstitial hyperthermia with intra-arterial injection of adriamycin for malignant glioma. 1643 21