Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty patients with ischaemic heart disease scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly allocated to three equal groups. Following morphine, hyoscine and pentobarbitone premedication, anaesthesia was induced with diazepam 0.3 mg kg-1. Five minutes later neuromuscular blockade was induced with pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1, vecuronium 0.1 mg-1 or atracurium 0.5 mg kg-1, followed after 6 min by fentanyl 25 micrograms kg-1. Pancuronium and atracurium caused significant increases in heart rate, while vecuronium induced little change. Systemic vascular resistance decreased significantly from 1515 dyn s cm-5 to 1200 dyn s cm-5 following atracurium. Cardiac index was increased transiently in the atracurium group, but a more sustained increase was observed following pancuronium. Nine patients in the atracurium group showed skin flushing and one developed skin weals.
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PMID:Haemodynamic effects of vecuronium, pancuronium and atracurium in patients with coronary artery disease. 288 68

A patient with carcinoid syndrome on long-term antiserotonin therapy with parachlorophenylalanine, experienced a flushing attack with hypotension during the prophylactic administration of aprotonin prior to the induction of anaesthesia. When she was subsequently prepared with a long-acting somatostatin analogue, octreotide (Sandostatin, Sandoz SMS 201-995), plasma levels of tumour-released hormones were reduced and anaesthesia for resection of hepatic metastases was uneventful. The advantages of an anaesthetic approach based on inhibition of carcinoid tumour activity, rather than antagonism of released hormones, are discussed.
Anaesthesia 1987 Jun
PMID:Somatostatin, anaesthesia, and the carcinoid syndrome. Peri-operative administration of a somatostatin analogue to suppress carcinoid tumour activity. 288 27

Carcinoid syndrome produces flushing, bronchoconstriction and gastrointestinal hypermotility secondary to serotonin, histamine, bradykinin and prostaglandin release. A variety of drugs, foods and anaesthetic agents may provoke this syndrome. Under anaesthesia, the flushing produced may be associated with acute hypotension and cardiovascular collapse; this phenomenon is called a carcinoid crisis. Recently, somatostatin analogue has been used successfully to treat intraoperative carcinoid crisis. In this report, we present a 66-year-old lady with carcinoid syndrome who was pre-treated with 50 micrograms somatostatin analogue IV and IM prior to surgical manipulation. The anaesthetic course was relatively uneventful and the patient did well postoperatively.
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PMID:Pre-treatment with somatostatin in the anaesthetic management of a patient with carcinoid syndrome. 290 85

We reviewed our experience at the Western Reserve Care System with totally implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) in cancer patients with vascular access problems. Fifty-one ports were placed in 50 patients. Forty-nine of the IDDS were placed under local anesthesia. One patient developed a hemothorax during placement. Two catheters were removed because of infection. Two catheters found to be occluded responded to flushing with streptokinase. All catheters remained functional up to the time of treatment completion or of the patient's death. The low morbidity and high success rates of IDDS should encourage placement early in the course of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Use of a totally implantable drug delivery system in a university-affiliated community hospital. 291 23

Atracurium was administered by a variety of techniques to determine whether these influence the onset or duration of muscular relaxation, and the frequency of cutaneous reactions, after a standard induction dose of thiopentone. One-hundred-and-fifty patients were allocated randomly to receive the drug by one of five methods: into a fast-flowing crystalloid infusion in the antecubital fossa; into a winged needle in the antecubital fossa with flushing after the thiopentone; into a winged needle in the antecubital fossa without flushing; into a winged needle in the dorsum of the hand without flushing. The above groups received atracurium freshly removed from the refrigerator whereas the fifth group were given atracurium which had been maintained at room temperature for at least 2 weeks. The frequency of cutaneous reactions was between 60 and 70% overall and there were no significant differences either in this or in the onset or duration of action between the groups. A further 25 patients with a history of drug allergy were also investigated by the first method and showed no significant differences in response, but 25 patients aged over 70 years had a significantly lower frequency of cutaneous reactions with a higher frequency of hypotension than the other groups.
Anaesthesia 1988 Oct
PMID:Factors that influence cutaneous reactions following administration of thiopentone and atracurium. 297 55

The rate of postoperative wound infections following colorectal surgery can be considerably reduced by rational perioperative short-time antibiotic prophylaxis. The anaerobic and aerobic microflora of the colon as well as the half-life of the medicaments used have to be taken into due consideration for good choice of antibiotics. Persistent orthograde intestinal flushing, using physiological electrolyte solution without any addition of antibiotics, on the eve of surgery as well as perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis "en flash", using slow-drop intravenous infusion of 1 g Ornidazole and 2 g Mezlocilline along with introduction of anaesthesia, made for a good approach to reducing wound infections following colorectal surgery to two per cent. Twice as much antibiotics were administered for 24 to 28 hours in emergency cases in which preoperative intestinal flushing was not possible. This helped to reduce the rate of postoperative infections from 32 to six per cent.
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PMID:[Current status of perioperative preventive use of antibiotics in colorectal surgery]. 331 Apr 52

The contamination of four types of anaesthetic machine with halothane was sequentially sampled by mass spectrometry while the machines were continuously flushed with oxygen 8 litre min-1 for up to 24 h. Contamination decreased in an exponential manner. Machines fitted with Selectatec vaporizer mounting systems and with the vaporizer removed showed contamination less than 0.02 parts per million (p.p.m.) of halothane after 12 h flushing. Machines with cage-mounted vaporizers or with vaporizers left connected to the Selectatec block demonstrated persisting contamination. The Fluotec Mk.4 vaporizer showed an improvement on earlier designs in this respect. Background contamination concentrations of greater than 0.05 p.p.m. were measured in a patient-free recovery area of an operating theatre suite. Concentrations increased to 1 p.p.m. when patients were admitted following halothane anaesthesia. Decontamination of anaesthetic machines to concentrations of halothane below those detected as background contamination within recovery areas may allow such machines to be used safely to anaesthetize patients at risk from halothane.
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PMID:Decontamination of halothane from anaesthetic machines achieved by continuous flushing with oxygen. 339 45

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study was conducted in adult females to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of cimetidine 300 mg orally and metoclopramide 10 or 20 mg intravenously in reducing pre-operative residual gastric volume and raising gastric pH. The effect of preoperative metoclopramide on postoperative nausea and vomiting was also investigated. Oral cimetidine was given approximately 2-2.5 hours before, and intravenous metoclopramide either 15 or 30 minutes prior to induction of anaesthesia. The study showed that placebo-treated patients undergoing outpatient operations have an increased risk of acid aspiration because of high residual gastric volume and low pH and increased risk of serious pulmonary injury should acid aspiration occur. Metoclopramide 10 or 20 mg intravenously prior to induction of anaesthesia was effective in reducing the residual gastric volume significantly, but not in raising pH. The combination of cimetidine and metoclopramide, as well as cimetidine alone, reduced the risk factors of acid aspiration by raising gastric pH and reducing residual volume. No anti-emetic effect of metoclopramide was observed. Higher doses of metoclopramide (20 mg) produced significant side effects (flushing, dizziness, extrapyramidal side effects), but were only marginally more effective than 10 mg doses in reducing residual gastric volume.
Anaesthesia 1986 May
PMID:Premedication with cimetidine and metoclopramide. Effect on the risk factors of acid aspiration. 352 7

In man, intravenous infusion of adenosine has been useful in inducing sustained hypotension during anesthesia. Bolus injections terminate supraventricular tachyarrhythmias by delaying AV node conduction. It has been proposed that some of its cardiovascular effects are related to inhibition of noradrenergic neurotransmission. We assessed the cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal effects of intravenous infusion of adenosine (10 to 140 micrograms/kg/min) in 7 conscious normal subjects. At the highest infusion rate achieved, adenosine increased heart rate by 33 bpm (p less than 0.005), increased systolic blood pressure by 13 mm Hg (p less than 0.02) and decreased diastolic blood pressure by 8 mm Hg (p less than 0.02). Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine increased 44% and 213% respectively. Basal plasma renin activity was 0.7 +/- 0.09 ng AI/ml/hr and remained unchanged. Higher doses were not given due to the appearance of subjective side effects (headache, nervousness, flushing and an urge to breathe deeply). During dipyridamole administration, 4-fold lower doses were required to produce equivalent cardiovascular effects. We conclude that in conscious man, intravenous infusion of adenosine is associated with activation rather than inhibition of the sympathoadrenal system. The possible mechanisms of this sympathetic activation are discussed.
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PMID:Cardiovascular effects of adenosine infusion in man and their modulation by dipyridamole. 353 3

An 11-year-old girl who had suffered right facial herpes zoster at the age of 6 years was left with anesthetic scars in the distribution of the third division of the trigeminal nerve. Since then, certain tastes provoked flushing and sweating localized to the scarred areas, lasting for 10 to 15 minutes after a latency of a few seconds. The response was evoked most readily from the ipsilateral posterior section of the tongue and was virtually abolished by local administration of anesthesia to the tongue. It remained unaltered after blockade of the sphenopalatine and stellate ganglia but was diminished by blockade of the mandibular nerve. Thermoregulatory sweating and flushing were diminished in the scarred areas. Patchy destruction of sympathetic fibers, which are known to accompany peripheral trigeminal nerve branches, and reinnervation of the affected areas by parasympathetic fibers that normally mediate salivation may explain the phenomenon. It is thus analogous to the gustatory flushing and sweating that may follow damage to the auriculotemporal nerve in the region of the parotid gland (Frey's syndrome).
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PMID:Postherpetic gustatory flushing and sweating. 360 44


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