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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven patients with hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) type II (four patients with type II A and three patients with type II B), who were experienced to be resistant to hypolipidemic drugs, were treated for 6 months with etofibrate, a double-ester of nicotinic acid and clofibrinic acid, at a dose of 0.3 g t.i.d. Mean serum cholesterol level decreased by up to 18% from a pre-treatment value of 7.7 +/- 1.4 mmol/l. The reduction of serum cholesterol was due both to a decrease in very low density (VLDL) and low density (LDL) lipoprotein cholesteral by 61 and 25%, respectively (after 6 months). Furthermore alpha-LP (HDL) cholesterol increased by 8%, (after 6 months). All seven patients had previously received clofibrate and had obtained a mean decrease in plasma cholesterol by 6%. There was a slight transient increase in S-ASAT and S-ALAT simultaneous with in increase in serum urate. However, these values returned after 3 months to pre-treatment level. No influence on glucose tolerance was recorded. There were no bothersome side effects except a transient discomfort in the form of flushing or acid indigestion which occurred after 1--2 months of treatment with etofibrate.
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PMID:Treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia type II with etofibrate. 52 96

The purpose of this study was to find a safer, more rapid and easier disinfection process for the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (F.F.B.) by using ordinary disinfectants and a detergent. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aures, E. coli, Serratia marcescens and Candida albicans were used as sources of contamination. The mixed bacterial growth preparations for contamination of the F.F.B. were the same as those previously mentioned in our study. Comparative bacteriological studies, between glutaraldehyde (GA) ethylalcohol (AL) and chlorhexidine (CHX) with and without usage of benzalkonium chloride (B.C.) solution and sterile water (W) as the detergent were performed and the following conclusions were obtained: 1. Contaminating microorganisms were reduced from 10(-3)/ml to 10(-4)/ml colony count after flushing with W and B.C. This procedure is very helpful for consecutive rapid disinfections or sterilizations of the F.F.B. 2. The effect of disinfectants with usage of a detergent was much better than without a detergent. Required immersion time in the disinfectants with detergent was reduced to periods as short as 60 seconds. 3. Of the three disinfectants, the most effective was CHX, GA next, and AL third. 4. Unsatisfactory disinfection occurred in some instances when there were functional disorders with the F.F.B. despite adequate amounts of disinfectant and detergent.
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PMID:Effect of disinfectants with and without usage of detergent for the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. 52 89

The therapeutic role of xanthinol nicotinate, with its potent action on the peripheral circulation, in promoting healing of leg ulcers when added to conservative measures of ulcer treatment in adult beta-thalassaemia major and sickle cell thalassaemia, was evaluated in a double-blind crossover trial in 16 patients suffering from multiple leg ulcers. Conservative measures of ulcer treatment were leg raising in horizontal position for 14 hours, bed-rest, local antiseptic dressings and antibiotics. Xanthinol nicotinate or placebo was administered in a daily dose of 8 tablets (2400 mg) for 10 weeks. Comparison of the treatment results of conservative measures plus xanthinol nicotinate and those of conservative measures plus placebo revealed a statistically significant higher rate of complete ulcer healing during xanthinol nicotinate therapy (p less than 0.01). Apart from a low incidence of generalized itching and flushing at the start of the trial, xanthinol nicotinate was well tolerated in the prescribed dose.
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PMID:Xanthinol nicotinate in the management of leg ulcers associated with haemoglobinopathies. 54 May 21

Methods of column switching are described that make possible back-flushing, heart cutting and trapping. Conventional packed columns are employed as pre-columns for their high sample capacity, and glass capillary columns are used as the main columns for their high separation efficiency. Some typical examples of the application of double-column gas chromatography are presented: (1) solvent cutting for identification and exact quantitative determination of a phosphorus ester impurity in a sample of wheat flour (including trapping); (2) separation of trace amounts of methyl esters of fatty acids by means of back-flushing and trapping; (3) enrichment technique using trapping of trace elements in the front section of the capillary (plus solvent cutting, multiple injection and back-flushing); and (4) coupling a nitrogen-selective detector to the capillary main column to gain additional information. To illustrate the trapping effect, the separation number was determined with and without trapping.
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PMID:Double-column gas chromatography using packed pre-columns and glass capillary main columns. 54 47

This work presents a possible method of overcoming difficulties arising during the recording of intracranial pressure (ICP) from the cerebral ventricles of patients suffering from head injuries or intracranial space occupying lesions. The main difficulties in obtaining these measurements are the risk of infection and measurement errors caused by artefacts from head movements. These two problems arise when a cannula inserted into the cerebral ventricle is connected outside the skull to an external transducer measuring pressure. We propose a method utilizing a modified flushing shunt connected to a strain gauge epidural transducer. The characteristic (voltage against pressure) of the device was tested in vitro. This calibration gave satisfactory results both in the linearity of the characteristic and in the performance of the device.
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PMID:A proposal method for the assessment of cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the cerebral ventricles. 54 78

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type II is a genetically inherited disorder characterized by a combination of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, phaeochromocytomas and, more rarely, hyperparathyroidism. A subgroup of patients who do not have the same genetic inheritance pattern have in addition a Marfanoid habitus and multiple mucosal neuromas. The phaeochromocytomas cause paroxysmal hypertensive crises due to catecholamine surges, and are diagnosed most easily by elevated levels of urinary vanillylmandelic acid. Medullary carcinoma presents as a thyroid nodule and is often associated with flushing or diarrhoea. Measurement of plasma thyrocalcitonin levels permits diagnosis and detection of affected members of the family. It is unusual for hyperparathyroidism to be asymptomatic or to require treatment. Bilateral adrenalectomy should always be performed since both adrenals are involved, even if an overt tumour is only apparent in one. Total thyroidectomy for medullary carcinoma is indicated once the phaeochromocytomas have been removed. Affected families should be regularly screened to detect overt cases.
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PMID:Multiple endocrine neoplasia: Part II. Sipple's syndrome. 55 Mar 88

The amounts of feed required during each of the reproductive phases are graphically illustrated and supported by specific recommendations where possible with discussion of the underlying rationale and of the often conflicting considerations. For flushing, an increase of 50 to 100% of energy requirements above maintenance level is recommended, supplied, for example, by one to two kg maize extra per day during the week before expected oestrus, in order to increase the ovulation rate. During pregnancy a constant feeding level is proposed 2.2 to 2.5 kg of feed with 8.8 MJ of nett energy/kg and 12% digestible crude protein being necessary. Two days before farrowing the feeding level must be lowered and steps taken to keep the gut contents to a minimum. During lactation the feed has to contain 8.8 MJ nett energy/kg and 14% digestible crude protein and the intake reduced by 10 to 20% in the case of early weaning. At weaning a fasting regime is suggested to effect physiological stress. The relation between feeding level during pregnancy and the mass gain of the sow asnd number of piglets born, as well as on the birth mass of the piglets, and the relation between N intake and N retention and litter mass oat birth are shown graphically.
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PMID:Some aspects of feeding of brood gilts and sows. 55 Nov 91

The authors have developed a simplified technique of lumbar subarachnoid peritoneal shunt in which the spinal tube is easily introduced through a puncture needle without doing a laminectomy. Seventeen cases of communicating hydrocephalus of various orgin have been treated by this procedure. In this paper, we reported our shunting system and the technique of precedures, and discussed the clinical results and some advantages of this method. The spinal tube is a custom made Silastic tube with small side holes 2 mm apart from each other at slanting tip located within the first 1.0 cm of the end. French No. 5 tube is available for older children and for adults, and French No. 3.6 tube for infants. Total length of the tube measures 30 cm with 4 black markers at 5 cm intervals from the tip for assisting in positioning. The puncture needle is a modified Touhey needle. Two needles different in size are prepared according to the size of the tube. Outer diameter of these needles is 2.1 mn & 1.8 mn. Our operative procedures are divided into following three steps. 1) Puncture of the lumbar subarachnoid space and insertion of the spinal tube through the needle. 2) Introduction and placement of the peritoneal tube into some point of the peritoneal cavity. Concerning to this point, we have the three candidates, namely into the Douglas pouch, the suprahepatic space, and the bursa omental cavity. 3) Connection of the spinal tube and the peritoneal catheter end. We used a kind of flushing device only in some exceptional cases, and recently, we feel that it is not so necessary for this shunting. We have employed this technique in a total of 17 cases. Eleven cases of them are adults and the other 6 cases are children less than 2 years of age. Postoperative follow up period varied from 13 months to 1 month, and all the cases except two had good result, suggesting the shunt system is working well with no evidence of complications such as low pressure syndrome or radicular irritation. Some troubles occurred in two children. One was a disconnection between the spinal and the peritoneal tube, and the other was an obstruction at the peritoneal tube end. The authors believe that our L-P shunt has several advantages as listed below, 1)Procedure is very simple, in other words, there is no need of laminectomy. 2) The entire system is short. 3) No need to pass the catheter into the brain tissue. 4) Obstruction of the spinal catheter end is very unusual. 5) Alteration of communicating hydrocepalus into non communicating one by secondary obstruction of aqueduct of Sylvius is less likely with this shunting system. 6) Siphon effect might be minimal, if present. 7) As compared to V-A shunt, severe complication like septicemia will not occur in the L-P shunt. With this simple method and good material, we hope that this L-P shunt is employed more widely for the patients with communicating hydrocephalus.
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PMID:[Simplfied technique of lumbar subarachnoid-peritoneal shunt (author's transl)]. 55 43

Two interesting developments in the area of infusion technology are being presented. The first product concerns a rather simple, but precise, and manually ajustable flow control device for intra-venous fluid administration without the need of having an infusion pump. The second product concerns a continuous flush device for arterial and venous indwelling cannulae. The main area of clinical application of the latter product is the combination with intraarterial catheters which are used to monitor various arterial pressures. Adaptation of the device to intravenous catheters is also possible. The main benefit derived from the flushing device is a significant prolongation of catheter function and patency.
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PMID:[Advances in infusion technics]. 56 78

Ovulation in the tammar wallaby alternates between the ovaries. The genital duct of each side enters the median vaginal culs-de-sac separately. Post-partum oestrus occurred 0.4 days after birth and ovulation 1 day later. After a single copulation spermatozoa were found in both cervical canals at 0.5 h and extended to the oviduct on the non-parturient side only by 8 h. Very few spermatozoa were found in sections of the post-partum uterus or its associated oviduct at any time. Spermatozoa were recovered by flushing from both sides but the numbers were 2-20 times greater in the non-parturient than in the post-partum side: the greatest difference occurred in the cervical canals 2-5 h after copulation. In females which had undergone a previous infertile cycle, spermatozoa were abundant in both cervices and both uteri. It is concluded that the differential distribution of spermatozoa in post-partum animals was (1) due to failure of transport in the recently pregnant side of the tract, rather than attraction of spermatozoa to the ovulation side, and (2) established at the cervix which, on the ovulation side, provides a reservoir of spermatozoa for 24 h after copulation.
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PMID:Differential transport of spermatozoa into the two sides of the genital tract of a monovular marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii). 56 11


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