Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-one cases of urolithiasis in small ruminants were examined to evaluate the efficacy of various surgical treatments. Of 21 cases, all but 1 had multiple calculi. Urethral process amputation and medical therapy either did not relieve the obstruction or provided only temporary relief (< 36 hours) in 14 of 16 cases. In 2 cases, obstruction recurred in 1 year and 4 years, respectively, after urethral process amputation. Ten of 13 animals that had perineal urethrostomy (PU) experienced short-term complications, including postoperative hemorrhage, dehiscence of the surgical wound, and subcutaneous accumulation of urine. Urethral stricture occurred in 7 of 9 animals in which follow-up information was obtained, and long-term survival was 55%. Cystotomy alone was performed on 8 of 21 cases, and 7 of 8 (88%) were healthy at the time of follow-up. In order to relieve the obstruction with cystotomy alone, multiple attempts at normograde and retrograde flushing were required. Cystotomy allowed removal of multiple calculi, bidirectional flushing of the urethra, and posed less risk for short-term postoperative complications and urethral stricture. These data suggest that cystotomy was more effective than PU for the management of urolithiasis in small ruminants.
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PMID:Surgical management of urolithiasis in small ruminants. 841 54

Contrast radiographic visualization of the small ruminant and porcine lower urinary tract is an infrequently used modality for the evaluation and management of obstructive urolithiasis. The administration of contrast medium through a tube cystostomy catheter used to divert urine flow until the resolution of the obstruction may provide an easy method to evaluate the status of the urethral obstruction. Contrast fluoroscopy is utilized to monitor and visualize therapeutic flushing of the urethra. A review of 26 patients seen at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital suggested that among the radiographic techniques used, positive contrast normograde cystourethrography through the tube cystostomy catheter allowed the best visualization of the lower urinary tract structures and enabled assessment of the resolution of the obstructive lesion.
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PMID:Contrast radiography of the lower urinary tract in the management of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants and swine. 963 82

In the clarification of hematuria and subsequent treatment, a high specificity is expected from urinary cytology when no tumor is present, because false positive results lead to unnecessary diagnostic measures. The aim of this study was to investigate different disturbing factors to determine the specificity of urinary cytology and whether the specificity can be increased by cytometry. Out of 150 patients with no malignant disease, 125 were affected by the following disturbing factors: urinary infection, urolithiasis, transurethral electroresection, utilisation of hypo-osmolar flushing solution or administration of contrast agents. In 5 patients who were diagnosed with urinary infection or urolithiasis, the urine was falsely cytologically determined to be tumor positive, an error which was corrected by cytometric analysis. Therefore, cytometric analysis should be carried out in patients in whom a tumor has been cytologically diagnosed in order to increase the specificity of urinary cytology.
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PMID:[Effect of disturbing factors on the specificity of exfoliative urinary cytology]. 1761 43

A six week clinical surveillance of 163 patients receiving maximally tolerable doses of Asparagus P((R)), a proprietary mixture pulversied dried asparagus root and parsley leaf, has not indicated any clinically useful antihypertensive effect. The profile of adverse events (with 7 patients leaving the surveillance early because of renally related complaints) contraindicates its use in hypertension or to promote flushing of the efferent tract in rental inflammatory conditions or urolithiasis.
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PMID:Asparagus P(R) cannot compete with first-line diuretics in lowering the blood pressure in treatment-requiring antihypertensives. 1927 2

CASE DESCRIPTION A 3-year-old sexually intact male rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was evaluated because of a 1-day history of signs of anorexia and depression. CLINICAL FINDINGS Clinical examination revealed signs of depression, hunched posture, low skin elasticity (suggesting dehydration), slightly distended abdomen, and penile and preputial edema. The owner reported that the rabbit had been fed a routine diet, received water via a sipper bottle, and was allowed free movement around the home. It had been observed by the owner to bite and chew gypsum-based plaster from the walls of the home. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography revealed radiopaque material in the urinary bladder, irregular thickening of the urinary bladder wall, and gaseous distention of the cecum. Urinalysis revealed mild hematuria and proteinuria. Results of the physical examination and other diagnostic tests were consistent with urolithiasis, cystitis, and gastrointestinal stasis. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME At clinical examination, numerous small uroliths originating from the urethral orifice were removed and submitted for composition analysis via infrared and Raman spectrometry and polarized microscopy. Laparotomy-assisted flushing of the urinary bladder and urethra was performed, and the rabbit recovered without complication. Results of composition analysis indicated the uroliths were composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first report of calcium sulfate urolithiasis in a rabbit, which was attributed to dehydration (possibly due to inadequate water provision) and excessive dietary intake of sulfur in the form of gypsum-based plaster. Rabbits should be prevented from consuming plaster and other potential extradietary sources of sulfur and provided an appropriate water supply.
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PMID:Calcium sulfate dihydrate urolithiasis in a pet rabbit. 2820 16