Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Autonomic dysreflexia is a poorly understood entity, typically occurring in the spinal cord-injured patient, with paroxysmal hypertension, bradycardia, severe throbbing headache, anxiety and sweating above the level of the lesion. An 18-year-old man underwent removal of a hemangioblastoma from the inferior portion of the fourth ventricle, a region known as the area postrema. Postoperatively he exhibited signs of autonomic failure. He later developed recurrent paroxysmal episodes of abdominal pain, hypertension, skin flushing and headaches. He subsequently was found to have a gastric ulcer. Symptoms and signs significantly improved with its treatment. We postulate that diminished sympathetic outflow occurred as a result of the surgery, creating a situation similar to the spinal cord-injured patient. Autonomic dysreflexia was elicited as a consequence of the noxious input of the gastric ulcer. In other cases of brainstem tumor resection, unrecognized episodes of autonomic dysreflexia may occur. This case also indicates that sympathetic supraspinal control is located at the level of the medulla or higher.
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PMID:Autonomic dysreflexia after brainstem tumor resection. A case report. 826 Jan 35

Renal transplantation is method of choice for treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease without contraindications for immunosuppressive therapy. Neurological complications occur frequently in renal transplant recipients. They may be the consequence of immunosuppressive treatment, but more often evolve as the consequence of previous disturbances which developed during the state of uraemia and treatment with dialysis. The most pronounced neurotoxic effect has calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus and cyclosporine. The spectrum of neurological disturbances caused by calcineurin inhibitors range from very mild symptoms as paraesthesiae, tremor, headache or flushing, to severe changes that may cause lethal outcome. Peripheral neuropathies in renal transplant recipients may occur in the form of mononeuropathy or polyneuropathy. Cerebrovascular diseases are consequence of changes on blood vessels caused by uraemia, dialysis and side effects of immunosuppressive drugs. They cause death in 8% of renal transplant recipients. Central nervous system (CNS) infections usually occur during the first posttransplant year. Unclear symptomatology frequently postpones the diagnosis. Diagnostic evaluation should include magnetic resonance imaging for localization of the process, as well as lumbal puncture in cases without contraindications for the procedure, in order to determine the causative agent. Regarding the ominous prognosis of CNS infections in the immunocompromised host, only timely diagnosis may improve survival. The most common causative agents are Cryptococcus neoformans, Listeria monocytogenes and Aspergillus funigatus. Viral infections also occur, and are commonly caused by herpes virideae, varicella-zoster virus and papova virus. CNS infections clinically present as meningitis, progressive dementia or focal neurological defect. The most common primary brain tumors are B-cell lymphomas, but glioblastoma, hemangioblastoma, leiomyosarcoma or glioma may also occur. In cases of neurological posttransplant complications, optimal treatment should be guided by neurologist, nephrologist and infectologist, in some cases also by neurosurgeons.
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PMID:[Neurological complications in renal transplant recipients]. 1857 36