Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From September 1993 through March 1994, 30 cases of refractory carcinoma of the ovary and Fallopian tube were treated with Taxol. Complete response was seen in 4 and partial response in 8 cases with a response rate of 40%. The average length of remission was 5 months in CR and 3.9 months in PR. The major toxic side effect was decrease in total white cell count and in neutrophil count. Apart from flushing of face during Taxol infusion in 6 patients, no other allergic reaction was observed. Gastrointestinal, neurologic, liver and renal toxicities were mild. Taxol is a drug of choice in the treatment of patients with cancer of the ovary and Fallopian tube who are resistant to conventional chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A clinical report of refractory carcinoma of ovary and fallopian tube treated with taxol]. 765 6

This study aimed to determine the number and distribution of spermatozoa within the human Fallopian tubes around ovulation. Parous women, undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy for menorrhagia, were inseminated with either partner's semen (3/10) or donor semen (7/10). Approximately 18 h later both Fallopian tubes were ligatured into ampullary, isthmic and intramural regions. These were removed and assessed for sperm content by flushing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or homogenization. A median of 251 spermatozoa were recovered (range, 79-1386). The number of spermatozoa within each tube was not significantly different. The ovulatory ampulla contained a significantly (P < or = 0.01) larger percentage of spermatozoa than the non-ovulatory ampulla. The number of motile spermatozoa inseminated was not significantly correlated to the number of spermatozoa recovered, but a trend was identified. The time between the onset of the luteinizing hormone surge and hysterectomy was significantly correlated (P < or = 0.01) to the number of spermatozoa within the intramural regions, but not to the tubal sperm distribution. Spermatozoa were not observed, by SEM, bound to the tubal epithelium. These data suggest that, after artificial insemination at least, sperm access to the human Fallopian tube may be controlled, but that ovulation does not affect the redistribution of spermatozoa between tubal regions and that the isthmus does not appear to act specifically as a sperm reservoir.
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PMID:Sperm numbers and distribution within the human fallopian tube around ovulation. 815 Aug 97

This paper reviews the literature on the proximal Fallopian tube and attempts to synthesize the available information into an hypothesis to elucidate the pathogenesis and natural history of proximal tubal blockage (PTB). There is evidence that the unique anatomy and physiology of the proximal Fallopian tube may predispose this tubal segment to a 'physiological' blockage, by tubal secretions and/or material back flowing from the uterine cavity, during the estrogen-dominant phase of the menstrual cycle. This would normally be reversed during the subsequent progesterone-dominant phase. However, if this reversal process is defective, organization of this material can occur, which can lead to initially incomplete and then complete tubal obstruction. Tubal wall damage does not normally exist in these cases. This sequence of events is supported by our experience in transcervical tubal cannulation. Flushing and/or guide-wiring the tubes can re-establish tubal patency and fertility. The tubal perfusion pressure, assessed during transcervical tubal cannulation procedures, can serve as a marker of the severity of PTB and the success of recanalization.
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PMID:A hypothesis for the pathogenesis and natural history of proximal tubal blockage. 1499 40

Of the couples unable to conceive without any identifiable cause, 30% are defined as having unexplained infertility. Management depends on duration of infertility and age of female partner. This review describes and comments on the definition and evidence for the management of unexplained infertility. A literature search was conducted in EMBASE, Medline, Ovid and Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews using the terms 'infertility', 'unexplained infertility', 'idiopathic infertility', 'definition of infertility', 'treatment options', 'intrauterine insemination', 'ovulation induction', 'Fallopian tube sperm', 'GIFT' and 'IVF'. There is no uniform definition for unexplained infertility. This varies in the literature depending on the duration of infertility and the age of the female partner. The treatment of unexplained infertility is empirical and many different regimens have been used. Among these are expectant management, ovulation stimulation with clomiphene citrate, gonadotrophins and aromatase inhibitors, Fallopian tube sperm perfusion, tubal flushing, intrauterine insemination, gamete intra-Fallopian transfer and IVF. The standard protocol is to progress from low-technology to high-technology treatment options. On the best available evidence, an algorithm for management is suggested. There is a definite need for multicentre randomized controlled trials to identify the best treatment option in unexplained infertility using a standard definition.
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PMID:Unexplained infertility: an update and review of practice. 2250 48