Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a 7 year period, 16 episodes of VM-26 (teniposide) hypersensitivity occurred in our Department of Pediatrics. Eight of these (50%) were observed in neuroblastoma patients, of whom a total of 22 children had been treated with VM-26. The predominant signs were facial edema, flushing, urticaria, bronchospasm, tachycardia, and hypotension. All children with hypersensitivity recovered, but four of them were critically ill. No risk factors were found. In order to elucidate the mechanism of the hypersensitivity episode further, and to identify a possible allergen, histamine release from basophil leukocytes was performed by use of a glass microfiber method. Blood samples from nine cases reacting to VM-26, eight controls (children exposed to VM-26 without any hypersensitivity reactions), and 12 healthy children without previous exposure were challenged with VM-26 alone and with its vehicle, cremaphor. In all samples, it was found that VM-26 degranulated basophils, whereas no histamine release was seen after challenge with cremaphor. The reaction was dose-dependent, and not IgE-mediated, since IgE depletion of the cells did not abolish histamine release after VM-26 challenge.
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PMID:VM-26 (teniposide)-induced hypersensitivity and degranulation of basophils in children. 246 73

Rubber hypersensitivity is well described but usually as a contact dermatitis caused by chemicals added during the process of making natural latex or synthetic rubber. IgE-mediated reactions, mainly contact urticaria, have rarely been reported in Europe. We report a case of immediate hypersensitivity to latex. A 34-year-old female operating room nurse developed hand eczema to natural latex. On two occasions, while she was gloving for surgery, she had the following reactions: flushing, tachycardia, urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, and light-headedness. Prick and patch testing to thiuram mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, phenylenediamine mix, and carbamate mix (common rubber additives) were negative. Prick tests to natural latex elicited a 4+ reaction associated with immediate flushing, tachycardia, urticaria, and light-headedness. Five control subjects did not react. IgE antibodies to latex by RAST demonstrated 17.7% binding (control, 4%). This case demonstrates that natural latex can cause IgE-mediated symptoms. The route of exposure was cutaneous absorption of relevant latex allergens. As the use of latex rubber products continues to escalate, more cases are likely to occur.
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PMID:Hypersensitivity to natural latex. 252 40

The diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis without urticaria pigmentosa has been made with increasing frequency since modern methods of histamine assay have been used clinically. We examined the incidence of urticaria-angioedema and mastocytosis over a recent 12-month period. Of 490 new patients we saw, 52 had urticaria-angioedema, and ten had evidence of excess histamine +/- PGD2, with at least ten mast cells per high-power field on skin biopsy. The average age was approximately 35 years; the male:female ratio was 1:4 for urticaria-angioedema and 1:2 for mastocytosis. Symptoms of mastocytosis included flushing, abdominal cramping/diarrhea, syncope, urticaria-angioedema, pruritus, and headache. Symptoms have typically been prevented by a combination of H1 and H2 antagonists, with addition of a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor in syncopal cases. Acute hypotension has responded to epinephrine.
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PMID:Mastocytosis: one year's experience. 287 59

Mastocytosis is a disease characterized by an increase in the number of tissue mast cells and a concomitant increase in mast cell-derived mediators. To demonstrate the spectrum of skin disease in mastocytosis in the pediatric population, five children with mastocytosis and complaints of urticaria (4/5), bullae/vesicles (3/5), abdominal pain (3/5), flushing (2/5), headache (1/5), and bone pain (1/5) are reviewed. Confirmation of the diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis was obtained by histologic examination of a biopsy of lesional skin; however, mast cell numbers in lesional skin did not correlate with plasma histamine levels or the extent of cutaneous involvement. Mastocytosis is a diagnosis that must be recognized in the differential diagnosis of pediatric urticarial diseases.
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PMID:Mastocytosis in infants and children: recognition of patterns of skin disease. 292 86

The results of infusion of fluorocarbon blood substitute (FCBS) in surgical patients (including war casualties) are presented. One hundred and forty patients (male 82, female 58, age 17-71 years) were infused with 200-1,000 ml of FCBS during operation. Fourteen cases were emergency operations because of trauma and/or hemorrhagic shock and 113 cases were selective operations. Thirteen cases were war casualties. Seventy-three patients also received 300-2,700 ml of banked blood. The vital signs and ECG received normal and blood pressure increased significantly (compared to pre-infusion P 0.01) during and after infusion. Hemoglobin and RBC values did not change significantly, however, WBC counts increased for a week. PaO2 increased significantly (P less than 0.05) compared with preinfusion or the control group (infused with same dose of HES). pH and PaCO2 did not change remarkably. Platelet count decreased transiently, but platelet function did not change, nor did coagulation function. Fibrinolysis was more active, but recovered in 24 hours. The decrease of CH50 was observed immediately after infusion and recovered in 72 hours. There was no change in hepatic and renal function; however, transient increase of SGPT was found in 3 cases. The results suggested that the FCBS had the capacity of carrying oxygen and expanding plasma volume. It is efficient to apply as an alternative to blood transfusion during operation in treatment of traumatic and/or hemorrhagic shock even in war casualties. Transient chest tightness and/or flushing were found in 5 cases at the beginning of the infusion, and disappeared when the infusion slowed down. Urticaria after infusion were observed in 2 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Perfluorocarbon as blood substitute in clinical applications and in war casualties. 326 55

During her 26th week of pregnancy a 20-year-old woman developed generalized pruritus, urticaria, flushing, tinnitus, and tachycardia during plasmapheresis with 5% human serum albumin (HSA) as adjunctive treatment for anti-Kell isoimmunization. The reaction was controlled with intravenous diphenhydramine. Despite pretreatment with diphenhydramine and betamethasone a subsequent attempt to perform plasmapheresis with infusion of 5% HSA resulted in a more severe reaction which progressed to respiratory distress. Intradermal skin testing with 5% HSA produced a 9 x 11-mm wheal and 17 x 21-mm erythema at 15 minutes. An enzyme-linked immunoassay was positive for IgE antibody to 5% HSA before and after dialysis for removal of Na caprylate. These results are consistent with an IgE-mediated basis for this patient's reaction to HSA.
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PMID:Anaphylaxis to human serum albumin. 230 85

The Restaurant syndromes can be caused by five major factors: food allergens, sulfites, monosodium glutamate (MSG), tartrazine, and scombroidosis (and other seafood poisoning). A history of atopy and ingestion of known food allergens such as peanuts, egg, fish, and walnuts, together with positive results of skin tests or RAST to these foods, will favor a diagnosis of food allergy. Allergic reactions to peanuts have produced fatalities in minutes through an IgE mediated reaction. An extremely rapid onset (minutes) of symptoms consisting of flushing, bronchospasm and hypotension is consistent with a sulfite reaction. Burning, pressure, and tightness or numbness in the face, neck, and upper chest following ingestion of Chinese food favors a diagnosis of adverse reaction to MSG. Also, development of late onset bronchospasm (up to 14 hours) may be related to MSG reactions. Bronchospasm and urticaria in a patient with a history of aspirin intolerance suggests tartrazine sensitivity. If everyone ingesting a fish meal develops flushing, urticaria, pruritus, gastrointestinal complaints, or bronchospasm, this implies scombroidosis, ciguatera, or other seafood poisoning. Finally, severe headache or hypertension can result from ingestion of naturally occurring amines, such as tyramine (cheese, red wine) and phenylethylamine (chocolate). A double-blind oral challenge test may be the only way of confirming the diagnosis for most of the etiological factors of the Restaurant syndromes. The treatment of choice for acute reaction is epinephrine followed by antihistamine. Proper labeling and avoidance of these ingredients in sensitive individuals are the best preventive measures.
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PMID:The restaurant syndromes. 330 66

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) cause a variety of symptoms in patients sensitive to these drugs. These include wheezing, rhinorrhea, flushing, pruritus, urticaria, hypotension and loss of consciousness. Conversely, improvement of asthma with the use of these drugs in patients who do not have idiosyncratic reactions to ASA (ASA-nonsensitive) has also been observed both with respect to clinical symptoms and pulmonary function tests.
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PMID:Asthma improved by acetylsalicylic acid and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. 347 42

Eight patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) and five with various other T cell malignancies were treated with mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) T101. Doses of 1 to 500 mg were administered weekly over a two-hour period and resulted in one complete remission (convoluted T cell lymphoma) and one partial remission (CTCL). Remission duration was 6 weeks and 3 months, respectively. Frequent toxicities were pruritus, hives, flushing, and shortness of breath. Supraventricular arrhythmias and blood pressure instability were also observed. Complete targeting of peripheral blood T cells was achieved with 1 mg of MoAb in the nonleukemic patients (WBC less than 10,000/microL), and free, bioavailable antibody was present at the next (10-mg) dose level. Even higher doses resulted in substantial antibody excess that persisted for as long as 6 weeks. Serum concentrations of MoAb decreased with increasing number of peripheral blood T cells, and 25 to 35 mg of T101 were required for induction of antibody excess in leukemic patients. Excess antibody induced antigenic modulation, which was of consequence only if MoAb excess persisted to the next treatment. In the original treatment, the rapidly administered MoAb was able to target and remove peripheral blood T cells before the development of antigenic modulation. Antimouse antibodies developed in three patients. Their presence rendered further therapy ineffective and was associated with an anaphylactic reaction in one patient. Development of these antibodies could not be predicted by lymphoproliferative assays. In these assays, however, the T101 protein strongly stimulated the mononuclear cells of the patient who reached the only complete remission of this trial. Immunologic stimulation by the MoAb thus might have played a role in this patient's antitumor response. In summary, therapy with MoAb T101 was specific but only modestly efficacious. Rapid infusion of nonmodulating doses of antibody provided excellent targeting and removal of peripheral blood T cells and might be a valid approach in future trials with immunoconjugated T101.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody T101 in T cell malignancies: a clinical, pharmacokinetic, and immunologic correlation. 348 78

Intravenous cimetidine treatment was prescribed for patients suffering from anaphylaxis, urticaria, pruritus, and contact dermatitis. Most of these patients recovered promptly from shock status, itching, and/or flushing after the administration of cimetidine. Intravenous cimetidine therefore may be an effective treatment for those allergic reactions.
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PMID:Intravenous cimetidine as an effective treatment for systemic anaphylaxis and acute allergic skin reactions. 359 13


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