Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) of the UK is considering offering women in the Army the option of inducing amenorrhea especially those in war. Logistics problems of supplying sufficient sanitary protection makes inducing amenorrhea in these women an advantage. It is important that the Royal Army not force servicewomen ready for war to agree to chemical induction of amenorrhea, however. A survey of civilian women shows that 80% liked the notion of eliminating menstruation. continuous combined oral contraceptive (COC) therapy induces amenorrhea, but it poses some side effects including bleeding and spotting, 2 kg weight gain, breast tenderness, depression, and headaches. 12 weeks of COC therapy costs range form 2 to 6 pounds. The synthetic androgen used to treat endometriosis, danazol, may also induce amenorrhea at daily doses of 800 mg. It causes various side effects including reduced breast size, flushing, sweating, loss of libido, acne, weight gain, edema, hirsutism, and voice change. 12-week danazol therapy costs about 200 pounds. Another drug with androgenic, antigonadotrophic, antiestrogenic, and antiprogestogenic properties which is also used to treat endometriosis, gestrinone, in another possible amenorrhea inducer at 2 doses of 2.5-5 mg/week. Side effects are similar to those of danazol. In 1 study, all 20 patients developed acne and seborrhea. Its 12 week costs are considerably more than danazol and COC therapy (450 pounds). Intermittent administration of 2 gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues, buserelin and goserelin, suppresses production of gonadotropins. Health workers need to inject 3.6 mg goserelin every 28 days while they administer buserelin subcutaneously or intranasally. the leading side effect on both GnRH analogues is not flushes. 12-week therapy is about 375 pounds. Fertility is restored after discontinuation of all the aforementioned therapies. The GnRH analogue goserelin is the most effective therapy, but the cost factor causes the Royal Army to favor COCs.
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PMID:The induction of amenorrhoea. 153 75

The butterfly rash and malar flush are common facial manifestations of several disorders. Systemic lupus erythematosus may produce a transient rash before any other signs. In pellagra, symmetric keratotic areas on the face are always accompanied by lesions elsewhere on the body. Erysipelas produces brawny, fiery red facial lesions, and scarlet fever causes facial eruptions as part of a generalized eruption. Lupus vulgaris and lupus pernio produce nodules that may spread in a butterfly pattern, and seborrheic dermatitis has a predilection for the malar prominences and other areas of the face. Carcinoid syndrome often causes flushing attacks that vary in duration, and facial flushing that lasts throughout treatment may accompany chemotherapy if the patient has a hypersensitivity reaction. Deep-red rashes and/or lichenoid lesions may be caused by graft-versus-host disease in a patient undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:The butterfly rash and the malar flush. What diseases do these signs reflect? 183 28

The problem of the red face in females is reviewed. After excluding common causes such as contact dermatitis, seborrhoeic eczema and photodermatitis the diseases affecting the remaining patients fall into three groups: marked erythema with no feeling of heat or sensitivity, usually erythromelanosis faciei; marked flushing and burning with intense sensitivity for which the term facial erythrodysaesthesia is proposed; the so-called MARSH syndrome in which an overlap of androgen-dominant symptoms occurs - melasma, acne, rosacea, seborrhoeic eczema, and hirsutism. The latter group may respond best to low dose oral isotretinoin.
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PMID:The red face-an overview and delineation of the MARSH syndrome. 1023 49

Rosacea is a multiphasic disease which is associated with flushing, erythrosis, papulopustular rosacea and phymas; each phase is likely to have its own treatment. Flushing is better prevented rather than treated, and its etiology investigated. Beta-blockers, atenolol in particular, are worthy of prophylactic trials examining their efficacy in treating the flushing associated with rosacea. Currently, clonidine is the only drug available for the treatment of flushing. Treatment for erythrosis includes topical and systemic therapies. Metronidazole 1% cream and azelaic acid 20% cream have been reported to reduce the severity score of erythema. The systemic treatment of erythrosis is based on the association of Helicobacter pylori with rosacea. However, this role is still being debated. Eradication of H. pylori can be achieved using a triple therapy regimen lasting 1 to 2 weeks [omeprazole and a combination of two antibacterials (a choice from clarithromycin, metronidazole or amoxicillin)]. Both the flashlamp-pumped long-pulse dye laser and the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser may be used in the treatment of facial telangiectases. Both systemic and topical remedies may be used to treat the papulopustules of rosacea. Systemic treatment includes metronidazole, doxycycline, minocycline, clarithromycin and isotretinoin, while topical treatment is based on metronidazole cream and gel. The presence of Demodex folliculorum is important in the inflammatory reaction, whether it is pathogenetic or not. Crotamiton 10% cream or permethrin 5% cream may be useful medications for papulopustular rosacea, although they are rarely successful in eradicating D. folliculorum. Oral or topical ivermectin may also be useful in such cases. Ocular involvement is common in patients with cutaneous rosacea and can be treated with orally administered or topical antibacterials. Once rhinophyma starts to be evident, the only way to correct it is by aggressive dermatosurgical procedures. Decortication and various types of lasers can also be used. Associated conditions, such as seborrheic dermatitis and possible contact sensitizations, deserve attention.
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PMID:The management of rosacea. 1218 Aug 96

Rosacea is a common chronic dermatosis characterized by varying degrees of flushing, erythema, telangiectasia, edema, papules, pustules, ocular lesions, and phymas. Etiology and pathogenesis of rosacea are still unknown. Many possible causes have been described as inducing the disease or contributing to its manifestation, such as genetic predisposition, abnormal vascular reactivity, changes in vascular mediating mechanisms, Helicobacter pylori infection, Demodex folliculorum infestation, seborrhea, sunlight, hypertension, and psychogenic factors. However, none of these factors has been proved. Rosacea shows a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, which vary over time and with age. Successful management of rosacea requires careful patient evaluation and individualized therapy with appropriate variations and modifications, as the severity of the disorder fluctuates. In mild cases of rosacea, patients are instructed to avoid sun, to apply sun-protective creams, and to avoid facial irritants and other triggers that provoke symptoms. At later stage, drug therapy is often necessary. The disease commonly requires long-term treatment with topical or oral medicaments. Surgical correction may be required for rhinophyma and telangiectasia. We reviewed the current literature on the aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options for rosacea.
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PMID:Etiopathogenesis, classification, and current trends in treatment of rosacea. 1467 Feb 25

Alcohol abuse is associated with many health problems, especially skin changes. As a small, water- and lipid-soluble molecule, alcohol reaches all tissues of the body and affects most vital functions. Cutaneous diseases are now emerging as useful markers of alcoholism detectable at an early and possibly reversible stage of the disease, thus being of substantial importance to dermatologists and general practitioners. The most common skin manifestations of alcoholism presented in this review article are urticarial reactions, porphyria cutanea tarda, flushing, cutaneous stigmata of cirrhosis, psoriasis, pruritus, seborrheic dermatitis, and rosacea.
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PMID:Skin diseases in alcoholics. 1536 44

Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum), found in the pilosebaceous unit, is the most common ectoparasite of humans. Various clinical forms such as pustular folliculitis, papulopustular scalp eruptions, perioral dermatitis, and blepharitis have been defined, although in general, the disease has been classified into three main groups as "pityriasis folliculitis", "rosacea-like demodicidosis", and granulomatous rosacea-like "demodicidosis gravis". Our aim was to test for the presence of D. folliculorum in pathogenic numbers in patients who came to our clinic with non-specific symptoms such as facial itching with or without erythema, seborrheic dermatitis-like or perioral dermatitis-like lesions, papulopustular lesions, and an acneiform clinical appearance without telengiectasia or flushing. Twenty-eight (87.5%) female and 4 male (12.5%), patients and 33 age-and-sex matched healthy subjects enrolled in this study. D. folliculorum was sought in the lesion sites using the non-invasive method known as the Standardised Skin Surface Biopsy (SSSB). The discovery of more than five parasites in an area of 1 cm2, was evaluated as pathogenic. For treatment, 5% permethrine cream was applied twice daily for 15 to 30 days. The clinical symptoms of the patients were classified into clinical groups and evaluated as facial itching in 2 (6.3%), nonspecific erythema and itching in 21 (65.6%), erythema and pityriasiform squamous lesions in 3 (9.4%), acneiform in 3 (9.4%), papulopustular lesions in 1 (3.1%), granulomatous rosacea-like in 1 (3.1%), and perioral dermatitis-like symptoms in 1 (3.3%), D. folliculorum density was determined as 5>D/cm2 in all clinical lesions. A significant clinical healing and density of D. folliculorum at <=5 D/cm2 was determined in all but two patients after treatment. We consider that D. folliculorum presentation with different symptoms and signs than classical forms is not rare. For this reason, we suggest that it is useful to test for D. folliculorum in patients with non-classical presentations like facial itching, itching accompanied by non-specific erythema, itching and non-specific pityriasiform squamous lesions, and acneiform lesions.
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PMID:The clinical importance of demodex folliculorum presenting with nonspecific facial signs and symptoms. 1549 34

For good performance in clinical and forensic toxicology, it is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms related to xenobiotic exposure since they will assist clinicians to reach a useful and rapid diagnosis. This manuscript highlights and critically analyses clinical and forensic imaging related to ethanol abuse. Here, signs that may lead to suspected ethanol abuse, but that are not necessarily related to liver disease are thoroughly discussed regarding its underlying mechanisms. This includes flushing and disulfiram reactions, urticaria, palmar erythema, spider telangiectasias, porphyria cutanea tarda, "paper money skin", psoriasis, rhinophyma, Dupuytren's contracture, multiple symmetrical lipomatosis (lipomatosis Lanois-Bensaude, Madelung's disease), pancreatitis-related signs, black hairy tongue, gout, nail changes, fetal alcohol syndrome, seborrheic dermatitis, sialosis and cancer.
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PMID:Clinical and forensic signs related to ethanol abuse: a mechanistic approach. 2427 40

Red face syndrome is characterized by an erythematous dermatitis that is produced by different entities. These include rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, cutaneous lupus, photodermatosis, post-topical steroid dermatosis, demodicosis, borderline borderline (BB) leprosy, mastocytosis, carcinoid, postneoplasia flushing, cutaneous lymphoma, tineas, ulerythema ophryogenes, and psychosomatic flushing. Red face is a relatively common dermatologic manifestation. Our goal is to review tinea corporis and other fungi that affect this region causing facial erythema and its therapeutic management.
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PMID:Red face and fungi infection. 2544 65

Cutaneous flushing and facial erythema are common dermatologic conditions that elicit a wide differential diagnosis that includes rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, photodermatitis, connective-tissue diseases, carcinoid syndrome, and mastocytosis. Herein we present an usual case of a mask-like rosacea-PIPA overlap that occurred in a patient with prior history of rectal carcinoid tumor and a negative systemic evaluation.
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PMID:Possible photoactivated dermatitis with features of post-inflammatory pigmentary alteration (PIPA) and rosacea. 2699 Mar 28


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