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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate a possible link between subclinical infection with poliovirus in childhood and increased risk of motor neuron disease in adult life, environmental determinants of infection in early life were compared in 98 cases of motor neuron disease and 335 age and sex matched controls. A weak but consistent relation was found between motor neuron disease and factors in the childhood environment known to increase likelihood of enteric infection. Relative risks associated with spending the first 10 years of life in a house without domestic amenities such as a bathroom, running hot water or flushing lavatory, living in overcrowded conditions, frequent changes of address or having a sibling with paralytic poliomyelitis were all greater than unity, although only those for absence of running hot water and frequent changes of address were statistically significant.
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PMID:The environment in childhood and risk of motor neuron disease. 133 35

Intradermal skin tests are often performed using a common syringe with multiple needles. Bacterial contamination of intradermal skin test syringes can occur as a result of apparent siphoning caused by needle changing. The bacterial contamination of the syringe can be prevented by flushing the contaminated needle prior to changing. In this study, two different needle changing techniques were examined using a polio virus contaminant. Viral contamination of the syringe was not prevented by flushing the infected needle prior to removal. All syringes were contaminated with virus regardless of needle changing technique. We, therefore, cannot recommend the continued use of a common syringe for intradermal skin tests between patients regardless of needle changing technique.
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PMID:Viral contamination of intradermal skin test syringes. 300 Feb 26

A simple method with poliovirus as the model was developed for recovering human enteric viruses from aerosols. Filterite filters (pore size, 0.45 micron; Filterite Corp., Timonium, Md.) moistened with glycine buffer (pH 3.5) were used for adsorbing the aerosolized virus. No virus passed the filter, even with air flow rates of 100 liters/min. Virus recovery from the filter was achieved by rapid elution with 800 ml of glycine buffer, pH 10. The virus in the primary eluate was reconcentrated by adjusting the pH to 3.5, adding AlCl3 to 0.0005 M, collecting the virus on a 0.25-micron-pore Filerite disk (diameter, 25 mm) and and eluting with 6 ml of buffer, pH 10. With this method, virus could be detected regularly in aerosols produced by flushing when 3 X 10(8) PFU of poliovirus were present in the toilet bowl. Poliovirus-containing fecal material from two of four infants who had recently received oral polio vaccine also yielded virus in the aerosols when feces containing 2.4 X 10(7) to 4.5 X 10(7) PFU of virus had been added to the toilet bowl. Persons infected with a variety of natural enteric viruses are known to excrete this amount of virus in their daily stools.
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PMID:Method for detecting viruses in aerosols. 300 29