Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Causes of outbreak incidence of pneumonia due to Legionella infection in population of Verkhnyaya Pyshma as well as factors promoting colonization of town's hot water supply system by Legionella were discussed. Experience of organization of flushing and disinfection of hot water supply system was described, effectiveness of different methods of disinfection was evaluated.
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PMID:[Experience of organization of flushing and disinfection of centralized system of hot water supply in town Verkhnyaya Pyshma after its colonization by Legionella]. 1846 57

Rituximab is a human/murine chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used to treat CD20-positive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Although most of the adverse effects associated with rituximab are usually reversible and temporary infusion-related reactions, including fever, chills, flushing and skin reactions, there are several reports of pulmonary events after long-term administration of rituximab. We present a case of asymptomatic nodular organizing pneumonia occurring during rituximab-based chemotherapy in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:A case of organizing pneumonia associated with rituximab. 1974 17

Everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, increases progression-free survival in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumours. Patients with neuroendocrine tumours and symptomatic carcinoid have inferior health-related quality of life than those without symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the effect of everolimus on symptomatic control of neuroendocrine tumours. Fifteen patients with metastatic neuroendocrine disease pre-treated with depot octreotide received combination everolimus and octreotide (midgut = 8, pancreatic = 3, other = 4). Reasons for initiation of everolimus were progressive disease (PD) by response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (n = 5), worsening syndromic symptomology (n = 5), or both (n = 5). Symptomatic and objective response and toxicity were evaluated using standard criteria. 7/10 patients who were syndromic had improvements in symptomology, with a mean duration of symptom control 13.9 months (range 1-39). All 10 symptomatic patients had non pancreatic neuroendocrine (pNET) primaries, and with everolimus, 6/10 had reduced stool frequency, 3/7 had a reduction of asthenia, and 5/7 had reduced frequency and severity of flushing. Sixty percent of patients experienced any grade toxicities, including the following: 40% grade 1/2 stomatitis, 7% grade 3/4 stomatitis, 20% grade 1/2 rash, 13% diarrhoea, and one case of pneumonitis. In this cohort of 15 patients, we demonstrated that 70% of non pNET individuals with common carcinoid syndrome symptoms resistant to depot octreotide had improvement in these symptoms on institution of everolimus, with meaningful durations of symptom control. Although this data is observational, to our knowledge, this represents the largest analysis of carcinoid syndrome control with combined everolimus and octreotide.
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PMID:Symptomatic Control of Neuroendocrine Tumours with Everolimus. 2624 86

Several medications have been shown to cause disulfiram-like reactions in patients concomitantly exposed to ethanol, including specific cephalosporin antibiotics that possess a methylthiotetrazole substituent. Within the cephalosporin class, there are few reports of disulfiram-like reactions with ceftriaxone. This case report is the first to involve a pediatric patient, and it describes a mild but likely disulfiram-like reaction manifesting as facial flushing in an 8-year-old male upon receiving a ceftriaxone infusion preceded by a dose of prednisolone elixir (5% ethanol by volume) for presumed community-acquired pneumonia thought to be complicated by an asthma exacerbation. The patient's flushing resolved with intravenous diphenhydramine, did not reappear, and was diagnosed as an allergy to ceftriaxone. Upon further evaluation, a hypersensitivity reaction was considered unlikely, and the allergy history was revised. The patient's antibiotic treatment was switched to azithromycin without steroids, and he had no further issues. This case suggests there is benefit in increased monitoring of pediatric patients receiving certain cephalosporins along with alcohol-containing medications, and it demonstrates how disulfiram reactions can easily be misinterpreted as hypersensitivity reactions. Aside from just alcohol-cephalosporin interactions, this case underscores the need for general vigilance when using alcohol-containing drug preparations in pediatric patients in an effort to prevent adverse effects and potential drug interactions.
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PMID:Disulfiram-like Reaction Involving Ceftriaxone in a Pediatric Patient. 2972 Sep 21

Effects of laryngoscope-assisted and cotton ball wiping methods on the prevention of oral and pulmonary infection in patients receiving mechanical ventilation were compared to explore the influence of the two methods on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). In total, 152 patients who underwent mechanical ventilation in the ICU of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May 2005 to January 2018 were assigned and equally divided into two groups: 76 patients who had their oropharynxes scrubbed and rinsed by an electric toothbrush under direct vision by the use of a laryngoscope were selected as the laryngoscope group, and 76 patients who received the conventional cotton ball wiping method and the flushing method for oropharyngeal cleaning were assigned in the cotton ball group. Detection of serum hs-CRP and PCT levels in a 2-ml sample of fasting venous blood was performed on both groups of patients before hospitalization, and on the 5th and 10th day of hospitalization. The incidence rate of oral infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia, as well as the length of the cleaning time were recorded. The incidence rate of oral infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the laryngoscope group was statistically much lower than that in the cotton ball group (P<0.05). Before the experiment, there was no significant difference in the hs-CRP and PCT levels between the two groups (P>0.050), whereas the laryngoscope group had significantly lower hs-CRP and PCT levels at the 5th and 10th day of hospitalization than those in the cotton ball group (P<0.05). The hs-CRP and PCT levels at the three time-points in the same group were statistically different (P<0.05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal scrub and rinse by an electric toothbrush assisted by a laryngoscope, can not only better prevent oral infection and reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, but it also has shorter cleaning time and results in lower levels of inflammatory factors, which make this method beneficial in the clinic.
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PMID:Laryngoscope-assisted and cotton ball wiping methods in prevention of oral and pulmonary infection in patients receiving mechanical ventilation and the influence on hypersensitive C-reactive protein and procalcitonin. 3125 90

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) causes enzootic pneumonia in pigs but it is still largely unknown which host-pathogen interactions enable persistent infection and cause disease. In this study, we analyzed the host and bacterial transcriptomes during infection using RNA sequencing. Comparison of the transcriptome of lung lesion tissue from infected pigs with lung tissue from non-infected animals, identified 424 differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 1.5LOG2). These genes were part of the following major pathways of the immune system: interleukin signaling (type 4, 10, 13, and 18), regulation of Toll-like receptors by endogenous ligand and activation of C3 and C5 in the complement system. Besides analyzing the lung transcriptome, a sampling protocol was developed to obtain enough bacterial mRNA from infected lung tissue for RNA sequencing. This was done by flushing infected lobes in the lung, and subsequently enriching for bacterial RNA. On average, 2.2 million bacterial reads were obtained per biological replicate to analyze the bacterial in vivo transcriptome. We compared the in vivo bacterial transcriptome with the transcriptome of bacteria grown in vitro and identified 22 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated genes (FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 2LOG2). Six out of seven genes in the operon encoding the mycoplasma specific F1-like ATPase (MHP_RS02445-MHP_RS02475) and all genes in the operon MHP_RS01965-MHP_RS01990 with functions related to nucleotide metabolism, spermidine transport and glycerol-3-phoshate transport were up-regulated in vivo. Down-regulated in vivo were genes related to glycerol uptake, cilium adhesion (P102), cell division and myo-inositol metabolism. In addition to providing a novel method to isolate bacterial mRNA from infected lung, this study provided insights into changes in gene expression during infection, which could help development of novel treatment strategies against enzootic pneumonia caused by M. hyopneumoniae.
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PMID:Combined Transcriptome Sequencing of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Infected Pig Lung Tissue Reveals Up-Regulation of Bacterial F1-Like ATPase and Down-Regulation of the P102 Cilium Adhesin in vivo. 3276 73

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of under-five mortality and globally accounts for 526,000 child deaths every year. Afghanistan, with 33,000 child deaths in 2012, was ranked 8th among nations, with the highest under-five deaths being from pneumonia and diarrhea. This study aimed to identify the determinants of diarrhea in children under the age of five in Afghanistan. A secondary data analysis of the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS) 2015 was focused on diarrhea in children under the age of five. The dataset of the AfDHS 2015 was used for the analysis. The subjects for this study were 30,238 under-five children. A logistic regression model was applied to examine the determinants of childhood diarrhea. This study found that 7,921 (26.2%) out of 30,238 under-five children had diarrhea within the two weeks preceding the survey. Higher maternal education accompanied a lower risk of childhood diarrhea with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 0.70 (P<0.01) than did no education. Flush toilets (AOR=0.84, P<0.01) and traditional dry vaults (AOR=0.83, P<0.001) were less likely associated with diarrhea compared with pit latrines. Tube wells, public taps, and unprotected wells and springs were sources of drinking water with a higher risk of diarrhea than piped water. This study identified that the type of toilet facility, source of drinking water, age of the child, and maternal education were important determinants of under-five diarrhea. Intervention programs concerning improved sanitation facilities, sources of drinking water, and raising women's level of education and health awareness are important.
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PMID:Determinants of diarrhea in children under the age of five in Afghanistan: a secondary analysis of the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015. 3313 38


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