Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0016382 (flushing)
 6,387 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

By means of continous flow centrifuge the authors have obtained suspensions of granulocytes from the blood of healthy donors. Results of granulocytophereses are presented here with the main points in the therapy of granulocytopenic patients with granulocytes rich suspension. The mean volume of the obtained suspension was 418ml. and it contained 9,78 X 10(9) leukocytes. 70 percent of them were granulocytes, the said volume contained 48 ml of red blood cells. All the donors had been premedicated with i.v. dexamethason (4mg./kg body weight). No one of the 51 donors developed anaemia or hypoproteinemia. After the application of the protamin sulphate, however, two donors had face flushing breathlessness and gastric ache. These symptoms disappeared after the administration of corticosteroids. Although they are connected with the administration of protamin sulphate we can not explain them.
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PMID:[Preparation of granulocyte concentrates from healthy donors using a continuous-flow centrifuge (CFC)]. 100 98

Reproductive care of women with spinal cord damage demands knowledge of such women's reproductive potential and the specific complications to which these women are prone during pregnancy and childbirth, especially autonomic hyperreflexia. Fertility in cord-damaged women of reproductive age is generally undiminished as are libido, ability to have intercourse, and ability to bear children. Frequent complications of cord-damaged pregnant women include urinary tract infection, anemia, pressure sores, sepsis, unattended birth, and autonomic hyperreflexia. Autonomic hyperreflexia or autonomic dysreflexia occurs during labor in up to two thirds of women with cord lesions above T-6. Autonomic hyperreflexia results from noxious stimuli including distention of the bladder, cervix, or rectum, which evokes mass triggering of sympathetic and parasympathetic afferents that are uninhibited by supraspinal centers below the cord lesion. Autonomic hyperreflexia manifests itself with sudden onset of marked hypertension and headache during uterine contractions, as well as bradycardia or tachycardia, various cardiac dysrhythmias, and marked diaphoresis with piloerection and flushing above the level of the cord lesion. We describe the second reported occurrence of intraventricular hemorrhage due to autonomic hyperreflexia during labor and detail recommendations for anticipating and mitigating this potentially lethal complication of parturition in cord-damaged women. Pregnancy and parturition are best carried out with informed cooperation of the patient and of obstetric, cord rehabilitation, anesthetic, and nursing personnel.
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PMID:Autonomic hyperreflexia: a mortal danger for spinal cord-damaged women in labor. 397 Jan 1

The antihypertensive effect of a new vasodilator with betablocking properties (SK & F 92657) was investigated in 10 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After a mean treatment period of 26,5 weeks (6,5-49 weeks) blood pressure was significantly reduced, from 168 +/- 22/106 +/- 6 mmHg to 144 +/- 19/94 +/- 12 mmHg (p less than 0.05 and 0.025). The mean dose was 410 mg (100-700 mg). Heart rate decreased slightly from 77 +/- 12 to 70 +/- 8 beats/min. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone showed only minor changes. Nausea, heavy dreams, facial and hand flushing and mild depression were reported as side effects. In most patients the symptoms disappeared without reduction in the dose. In one patient anaemia developed after 7 weeks and treatment with prizidilol was stopped. A slight but statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin concentration of 1.1 +/- 0.6 g/dl was observed in 5 of the 10 patients (p less than 0.02). Thus, a mean dose of prizidilol of 410 +/- 242 mg/day had a mean blood pressure lowering effect of 24/12 mmHg. In 7 of the 10 patients (70%) diastolic blood pressure could be reduced to 95 mmHg or less. However, the observed haematological side-effects should be carefully monitored in further studies and may limit the clinical use of prizidilol.
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PMID:Prizidilol (SK & F 92657), a new vasodilator with beta-blocking properties in the treatment of essential hypertension. 612 80

Haemolytic transfusion reactions can be defined as the occurrence after transfusion of measurably increased destruction of red cells, of donor or recipient, by alloantibodies. They may be acute (occurring within 24 hours of transfusion) or delayed (when signs of red cell destruction do not occur until 4 to 10 days after transfusion). The severest signs and symptoms of acute reactions follow intravascular red cell lysis and progress to anaemia, fever, haemoglobinuria and jaundice. The subjective responses of pain, restlessness, nausea, skin flushing, dyspnoea and shock are mediated by cleavage products of complement (C3a, C5a) activated by red cell antigen-antibody reaction. The bleeding and renal failure complications that follow are multi-factoral in aetiology but also stem from the activation of intravascular clotting and from the vasomotor disturbances following histamine and kinin release.
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PMID:Clinical presentation of haemolytic transfusion reactions. 739 74

A total of 4676 patients and 1759 patients were treated with lisinopril and nifedipine respectively in a post-marketing surveillance study conducted in general practice in the UK. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Most of the lisinopril patients had hypertension, but a small number (180) had heart failure. Most of the nifedipine patients had uncomplicated hypertension, but some (22.57%) had other cardiovascular disease with or without hypertension. Lisinopril and nifedipine were equally effective in reducing blood pressure. During the study, 1.5% of hypertensive patients assigned to lisinopril died compared with 1.8% of patients assigned to nifedipine, and 15.1% of lisinopril patients compared with 19.7% of patients in the nifedipine group withdrew because of adverse events. Cough, malaise and fatigue, nausea and vomiting were more frequent causes of withdrawal from lisinopril than nifedipine. Conversely, headaches, pallor and flushing, oedema and palpitations caused more frequent withdrawals from nifedipine. Anaemia was more often encountered on nifedipine treatment than on lisinopril. In hypertensive patients, the frequency of first-dose hypotension was similar on both treatments. Serious events occurred in 0.8% and 0.5% of patients given lisinopril and nifedipine respectively. Lisinopril was well tolerated by heart failure patients: 16 patients (8.88%) died and an incidence of 4.44% of serious adverse events was reported, a pattern to be anticipated in such patients; dizziness, giddiness, dyspnoea, cough, nausea and vomiting were the most frequent causes of withdrawal; the incidence of first-dose hypotension was low (2.22%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Post-marketing surveillance of lisinopril in general practice in the UK. 811 50

The treatment of anemia in hemodialysis patients is frequently hindered by the presence of suboptimal iron stores. Intravenous iron dextran is in common use to maintain iron stores in this population, but there are little published data regarding the incidence and type of adverse events. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of this medication. Charts from four hemodialysis centers of all 573 patients treated with intravenous iron dextran (INFeD; Schein Pharmaceutical, Inc, Florham Park, NJ) between July 1, 1993, and June 30, 1995, were studied. Twenty-seven patients (4.7%) had adverse reactions that were related to iron dextran. Four patients (0.7%) had reactions classified as serious (one cardiac arrest; three others required hospitalization). Ten patients (1.7%) had reactions classified as anaphylactoid. No patients died or developed permanent disability as a result of reactions. The most common adverse reactions included itching (1.5% of patients) and dyspnea or wheezing (1.5%); others included chest pain (1.0%), nausea (0.5%), hypotension (0.5%), swelling (0.5%), dyspepsia (0.5%), diarrhea (0.5%), skin flushing (0.3%), headache (0.3%), cardiac arrest (0.2%), and myalgias (0.2%). Five of all the reactions occurred during a test dose; four of these were anaphylactoid. Several factors were studied as possible predictors of adverse reactions. A positive history of drug allergy (odds ratio, 2.4; P = 0.03) and history of multiple drug allergy (odds ratio, 5.5; P = 0.0004) were significant predictors of reactions. In summary, we found serious adverse reactions to be uncommon in hemodialysis patients treated with intravenous iron dextran. Future prospective studies will help confirm this finding.
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PMID:The safety of intravenous iron dextran in hemodialysis patients. 1067 41

A phase II clinical trial of intrapleural paclitaxel injection for malignant effusions of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profile of paclitaxel pleurodesis in patients with malignant effusions. From February to May of 1996, 15 NSCLC patients with malignant pleural effusions were enrolled on study. After adequate drainage and assurance of lung re-expansion, paclitaxel 125 mg m-2 diluted in normal saline was infused through a preinserted pig-tail catheter which was removed 2 h later. Chest radiography and sonography were scheduled 4 days later; depending on whether there remained a significant amount of pleural effusion, further drainage by needle thoracentesis or by a pig-tail catheter was performed. All patients were assessable for toxicity. Ipsilateral chest and/or shoulder pain, fever, facial flushing and nausea were the most frequent side-effects. Grade 4 neutropenia, grade 3 anaemia, and grade 3 renal impairment occurred in one patient each. Fourteen patients were evaluable for response at the end of the fourth week. Overall response rate of pleural effusion in evaluable patients was 92.9%, with a complete response rate of 28.6%. There was one out of 14 evaluable patients whose measurable tumour lesion decreased by more than 50% (partial response). No disease progression was noted among evaluable patients at the end of the fourth week. It is concluded that paclitaxel is a useful agent for the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. Because of its relatively low systemic toxicity, intrapleural paclitaxel injection in combination with systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be considered in treating NSCLC patients with malignant pleural effusions.
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PMID:Phase II trial of intrapleural paclitaxel injection for non-small-cell lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions. 969 8

Imiglucerase, the recombinantly produced enzyme, is gradually replacing the human placental derived alglucerase in the treatment of gaucher patients. We describe the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of an anaphylactoid reaction to imiglucerase in a patient who tolerated alglucerase. The patient was diagnosed at the age of 2 4/12 years with anemia and hepatosplenomegaly. Over the years he had suffered from marked splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and recurrent bleeding episodes. At the age of 24 he started treatment with imiglucerase. After 3 months of treatment, immediately after starting an infusion, he experienced flushing, cough, tachycardia, palpitation, chest pain and excessive sweating, which reoccurred on a consecutive administration. Substitution with alglucerase was tolerated well, with only mild rash when he was premedicated with benadryl. Immediate skin tests to alglucerase, imiglucerase and gelatin were negative. IgG against alglucerase was undetectable. The in vitro mast cell degranulation test was positive for alglucerase, imiglucerase heamaccel (a gelatin based plasma substitute, which is a component of imiglucerase). This sensitivity to imiglucerase but not to alglucerase, raises the question of future treatment for this patient, since the production of alglucerase may cease, once imiglucerase production will cover the need for replacement enzyme.
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PMID:Anaphylactoid reaction to imiglucerase, but not to alglucerase, in a type I Gaucher patient. 1038 90

Despite the use of recombinant erythropoietin, anemia remains a significant problem for patients with end-stage renal disease, in part related to chronic dialysis-related blood loss and resultant iron deficiency. Because oral iron preparations have been relatively ineffective and poorly tolerated in this population, intravenous (IV) iron dextran has been widely prescribed, despite a finite risk for adverse effects associated with its use. We analyzed data from Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) clinical variance reports to determine the incidence of suspected iron dextran-related adverse drug events (ADEs) and associated patient characteristics, dialysis practice patterns, and outcomes. We used a case-cohort study design, comparing individuals who experienced suspected ADEs with the overall FMCNA population. Among 841,252 IV iron dextran administrations from October 1998 through March 1999, there were 165 reported suspected ADEs, corresponding to an overall rate of 0.000196%, or approximately 20 per 100,000 doses. Forty-three patients (26%) required an independent emergency department evaluation, 18 patients (11%) required hospitalization, and 1 patient (0.6%) died. Dyspnea (43%), hypotension (23%), and neurological symptoms (23%) were the most common major ADEs; nausea (34%), vomiting (23%), flushing (27%), and pruritus (25%) were the most common other ADEs. ADEs were 8.1-fold more common among patients administered Dexferrum (American Regent Laboratories, Inc, Shirley, NY) compared with those administered InFed (Watson Pharmaceuticals, Phoenix, AZ). In summary, serious adverse reactions to IV iron dextran are rare in clinical practice. The risk appears to depend on the specific formulation of IV iron dextran. Otherwise, iron dextran-related ADEs are difficult to predict.
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PMID:Suspected iron dextran-related adverse drug events in hemodialysis patients. 1127 88

(1) The reference treatment for uterine leiomyoma with major symptoms is surgery. (2) Leuprorelin and triptorelin, two Gn-RH analogues, are the first drugs to be licensed in France for preoperative treatment of uterine leiomyoma associated with anaemia, when a reduction in the size of the leiomyoma is necessary to facilitate or modify the surgical technique. (3) A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of leuprorelin in nearly 300 anaemic women showed no advantage in terms of the need for non autologous transfusion. (4) Three double-blind placebo-controlled trials have shown that leuprorelin reduces the volume of uterine leiomyomas, but whether or not this facilitates or modifies the surgical technique is not known. An unblinded trial versus lynestrenol in non anaemic women showed a superior effect of leuprorelin on the size of the leiomyoma, but again there were no data on a possible effect on the choice of surgical technique. (5) In the absence of comparative double-blind trials, the observed effects of triptorelin on the choice of surgical technique are uninterpretable. (6) The adverse effects of leuprorelin are mainly linked to its hormone effect, i.e. flushing, headache, vaginitis and vaginal dryness. There are no recent reviews of the adverse effects of triptorelin in this setting. (7) In practice, for anaemic women with leiomyomas requiring surgery, there is no proof that leuprorelin and triptorelin have any tangible clinical advantages.
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PMID:Leuprorelin and triptorelin: new indication. Preoperative treatment of uterine leiomyoma: no proven value. 1171 67


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