Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

KK and KK-Ay mice developed a steady and reproducible fatty liver when they were given free access to an ethanol solution as a drinking fluid for 10 to 20 days. The present studies were undertaken to elucidate effects of nutritional factors on liver fat contents of the mice given water or ethanol solution. In contrast to cornstarch, sucrose tended to increase the liver fat of control mice. A higher concentration of dietary casein lowered the liver fat of control mice, whereas the dietary concentration of cottonseed oil did not significantly affect the liver rat levels either in control or ethanol groups. Thus the standard basal diets favorable for the development of the alcoholic fatty liver have been established, for example, 10% cottonseed oil, 25 and 30% casein, 58.4 and 53.4% cornstarch for KK (12-15 weeds old) and KK-Ay (5-10 weeks old), respectively. Neither choline, myoinositol, nor any lipotropic agent tested prevented the development of the alcoholic fatty liver. Unlike in rats, orotic acid did not induce a fatty liver but rather alleviated the ethanol-induced fatty liver in these mice.
 ...
PMID:Effects of nutritional factors on the development of ethanol-induced fatty liver in KK and KK-Ay mice. 5 Oct 81

Egg production, liver lipid, and liver hemorrhagic score were not significantly altered by diets that contained inositol (at 1 or 2 g./kg. diet) and fed ad libitum, or force-fed to S.C. White Leghorn hens to produce fatty liver-hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS). FLHS was not prevented by lecithin, iodinated casein alone or with inositol. The vitamins B12, choline and E appeared to reduce FLHS and liver lipid in the one group tested. The dose-response relationship between feed intake, liver hemorrhagic score and liver lipid content was again demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:Effect of inositol, lecithin, vitamins (B12 with choline and E), and iodinated casein on induced fatty liver-hemorrhagic syndrome in laying chickens. 5 96

Effects of dietary myo-inositol deprivation were examined during prenatal and postnatal development and during lactation in the rat. The deficient diet contained no detectable myo-inositol while the supplemented diet contained 0.5% (w/w) myo-inositol while the supplemented diet ct contained 0.5% (w/w) myo-inositol at the expense of sucrose. Both diets contained 25% casein, adequate amounts of all known vitamins, choline, and essential fatty acids as well as 0.5% (w/w) phthalylsulfathiazole to depress myo-inositol contribution to the diet by microorganisms. Pregnant rats of the Holtzman strain were fed the respective diets during gestation and lactation, and pups were fed the corresponding diet after weaning until 3 months of age. There were no significant differen-es in body weight between experimental groups. Supplementation of the diet with myo-inositol significanly increased the levels of myo-inositol in plasma, liver, kidney, and intestine of pups at all ages examined, and significantly increased the levels of myo-inositol in the milk and mammary tissue during lactation. During lactation, the myo-inositol deprived dams developed severe fatty livers (31% w/w) characterized by diminished phosphatidyl-inositol (50%) and total phospholipid phosphorus (57%) levels as compared with controls. After weaning, the liver lipid content of the myo-inositol deprived dams returned to normal (4.5%). The data suggest that a possible threshold level of free myo-inositol (approximately 0.15 mumoles/g lipid-free tissue) was required to prevent fatty liver in lactating dams under these dietary conditions. Effects of the deficient diet on fertility were also examined. Based on sperm count and production of offspring, there were no differnences between the experimental and control males. Females of both groups showed equal ability to produce offspring.
 ...
PMID:myo-Inositol metabolism during lactation and development in the rat. The prevention of lactation-induced fatty liver by dietary myo-inositol. 97 67

Effects of choline fortification and various dietary protein levels on liver lipid content in pyridoxine-deficient rats were studied. Choline fortification did not prevent the accumulation of liver lipids in pyridoxine-deficient rats. Considerable accumulation of liver lipids was observed in the 70% casein pyridoxine-deprived group. Reducing the protein level in the diet decreased the extent of lipid accumulation. A highly negative correlation was found between liver lipid content and liver GPT activity, indicating that the fatty infiltration of the liver may be intimately related to the pyridoxine deficiency state. The time course of fatty liver induction upon feeding of a 70% casein pyridoxine-deficient diet was also studied. The liver lipid content increased gradually and reached the highest value by the third week with a concomitant decrease in food intake. Effect of change of dietary compositions on fatty liver caused by 70% casein pyridoxine-free diet was examined. Feeding of a 70% casein pyridoxine-supplemented diet or a 20% casein pyridoxine-free diet caused decreases in the liver lipids.
 ...
PMID:Factors affecting liver lipid content in pyridoxing-deficient rats. I. Dietary protein levels. 101 Oct 44

The effect of two levels each of methionine (0.0 and 0.07 percent), thiouracil (0.0 and 0.05 percent), dienestrol diacetate (0.0 and 0.007 percent), and thyroactive casein (0.0 and 0.0125 percent) on the performancy, organ changes, and liver composition in 640 pullets of two strains was studied in a 24 factorial arrangement of treatments. Egg production, egg characteristics, feed conversion, organ weights, and liver composition were parameters measured. Supplemental methionine increased the phosphorus content of liver fat in strain A, but other parameters in the two strains were mot affected by the increase in dietary methionine. The thiouracil increased weight grains, gram of fat per total liver, percent of liver fat, thyroid weight, and heart weight but decreased the phosphorus content of liver fat. Nine typical cases of fatty liver syndrome with large liver hematomas occurred in the thiouracil treated birds and one case occurred in an untreated pullet. Dienestrol diacetate did not affect egg production, egg characteristics, organ weights, and liver composition in the two strains. Thyroprotein decreased weight gain, abdominal fat, liver weight. liver fat, thyroid weight, and percent red cells, but decreased percent blood sports in eggs and adjusted weights of the kidney and heart in both strains.
 ...
PMID:The effect of methionine, thiouracil, dienestrol diacetate and thyroprotein on the development and prevention of fatty liver in pullets. 115 73

Male adult rats of the Wistar strain were fed "ad libitum" either a protein-free or a 20% casein diet for a period of 28 to 32 days. At the end of the experimental procedure, the animals given the protein-free diet presented a marked loss of body weight plus low levels of plasma protein and albumin concentration. Their livers showed diffuse fatty changes; most of the animals had moderate to severe fatty liver infiltration. They had a negative cumulative nitrogen balance; on the contrary, rats fed the 20% casein diet showed nitrogen retention. The animals of one of the two protein-deficient groups had a significant lower food intake than its control group. However, when food intake was related to animal body weight (g/100 g), the rates of rats on the 20% casein diet and those on protein-free diet were not significantly different.
 ...
PMID:Experimental protein deficiency in adult rats. 121 75

The effects of supplementing 8% casein or 10% soy protein isolate (SPI) diets with graded levels of oligo-L-methionine (a mixture of hexa- and heptapeptides, OM) or L-methionine (Met) were studied in rats to determine the reason for the difference in nutritional quality between proteins and corresponding amino acid mixtures. As the OM concentration of the casein-based diet was increased from 0.02% to 0.6%, maximum weight gain was attained at 0.2%, and the growth-promoting activity of OM was comparable to Met at all the corresponding levels tested. Liver fat began to accumulate when supplemental Met reached a level of 0.08% of the casein diet, but OM addition did not produce a fatty liver at dietary levels of less than 0.3%. When SPI was used as the dietary protein source, the effect of supplemental OM was significantly less than that of Met. Digestibility of OM (assessed by incremental portal plasma Met concentration) was measured 30 min after feeding the casein or SPI diet supplemented with 3% OM using rats fasted for 24 h. Plasma Met concentration was greatly increased in rats fed the casein plus OM diet compared with that of rats fed the SPI + OM diet. Similarly, the 30-min portal Met concentration significantly increased in response to the casein + OM diet compared with the SPI + OM diet regardless of the prefed proteins (25% casein and 25% SPI for 2 wk).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Effects of feeding rats low protein diets containing casein or soy protein isolate supplemented with methionine or oligo-L-methionine. 205 Dec 35

This study was designed to determine whether male Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) develop atherosclerosis (AS) during long-term feeding of diets similar to those consumed by humans. Gerbils were fed diets containing 16% casein (C) or soy (S) protein +/- 0.1% cholesterol (CH) for 15 months. The energy contribution from protein, fat and carbohydrate was similar to the energy distribution reported for the average North American (NA) diet and the level of added dietary CH resembled the average NA intake. At mo 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15, animals were killed and tissue sections were prepared for histologic examination. Microscopic observations of cardiovascular tissues did not reveal any evidence of AS in any of the diet groups. Liver fatty infiltration (FI) was evident in the C+CH and C groups at mo 3 and 9, respectively, and continued to occur at all subsequent sampling times. Livers from gerbils fed S+CH also began to exhibit FI at mo 9, while livers from S-fed gerbils did not show any significant morphologic changes. Biochemical liver total lipid results supported the histological liver findings. Other tissues examined did not reveal any morphological changes related to diet. The gerbil may be a useful animal model to study mechanisms which inhibit AS development.
 ...
PMID:Long-term feeding of casein or soy protein with or without cholesterol in Mongolian gerbils. I. Morphologic effects. 223 27

The relation of serum very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) to hepatic steatosis was studied during protein malnutrition followed by refeeding of a balanced diet in growing rats. A control group was fed a balanced diet containing 15% casein for 42 days. Two depleted groups were fed low protein diets containing 2% casein (group C) or 5% gluten (group GI) (protein malnutrition phase) for 28 days and then were fed the balanced diet for 14 days (refeeding phase). The concentrations of phospholipids and proteins in both liver and serum VLDL were decreased during protein malnutrition, whereas triacylglycerols, unesterified cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters were higher in the liver and lower in the serum VLDL in the C and GI groups compared with the control group. There was a significant inverse relation between serum VLDL apolipoproteins and liver triacylglycerols on the one hand and between serum VLDL triacylglycerols and liver triacylglycerols on the other hand, in both depleted groups, although this relation was less important in the GI group. The major fatty acid levels of liver triacylglycerols were negatively correlated with those of serum VLDL during protein malnutrition. Our results show that in spite of a similar fatty acid intake, protein malnutrition involved an important decrease in essential fatty acids in VLDL triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Moreover, triacylglycerol accumulation was accompanied by increases in unesterfied cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in the liver of rats fed low protein diets, especially with 5% gluten. Hence, the hepatic steatosis was not entirely attributable to impaired transport of triacylglycerols by VLDL.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic steatosis and serum very low density lipoproteins during two types of protein malnutrition followed by balanced refeeding. 252 Mar 16

The effect of dietary orotic acid on the levels of liver and blood NAD in young rats was investigated. Weanling rats were fed on a nicotinic acid-free, 20% casein diet containing 0% (control diet) or 1% orotic acid (test diet) for 32 days. Retardation of growth, development of fatty liver and enlargement of liver were observed in the test group in comparison with the control group. In the test group, the amounts of quinolinic acid, niacin, NAD and N1-methylnicotinamide, and the activities of quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, nicotinamide methyltransferase and NAD synthetase expressed in terms of g liver were significantly decreased compared to the control group. When these values were expressed in terms of whole liver, a significant difference was observed in the content of NAD and the activity of NAD synthetase between the control and the test groups. The activity of aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase expressed in terms of whole liver was about 2-fold higher in the test group than in the control group, but was not significantly different. The levels of NAD in blood as well as in liver were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group. Urinary excretions of quinolinic acid, niacin and N1-methylnicotinamide were also reduced in the test group. These results are discussed in the light of the reported effect of orotic acid in lowering the level of ATP in liver.
 ...
PMID:Effect of dietary orotic acid on the levels of liver and blood NAD in rats. 293 93


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>