Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The major diseases associated with obesity are hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, as well as certain types of cancer. Less well-known complications include hepatic steatosis, gallbladder disease, pulmonary function impairment, endocrine abnormalities, obstetric complications, trauma to the weight-bearing joints, gout, cutaneous disease, proteinuria, increased hemoglobin concentration, and possibly immunologic impairment. A U- or J-shaped curve illustrates the relation between body mass index and the degree of these various complications. This relationship can be used to provide guidelines for assessing treatment of obesity.
Ann Intern Med 1985 Dec
PMID:Complications of obesity. 406 25

Histopathological analysis for 94 Japanese alcoholic patients revealed alcoholic hepatitis 11%, chronic hepatitis 14%, fatty liver 16%, alcoholic liver fibrosis 22% and liver cirrhosis 31%. Alcoholic hyaline was found in only 30% of the cases of alcoholic hepatitis. Alcoholic liver fibrosis (without any findings except fibrosis and steatosis) was distinct from other type of diseases. Chronic hepatitis in alcoholics was mostly chronic active hepatitis (77%), whereas only 35% was chronic active hepatitis in nonalcoholics. Histologically typical alcoholic liver cirrhosis was uncommon.
Am J Gastroenterol 1985 Dec
PMID:Characteristic features of liver disease in Japanese alcoholics. 407 6

Feeding of ethanol in a liquid diet to male Wistar rats caused decreases in the hepatic cytosolic and mitochondrial [NAD+]/[NADH] ratios. This redox-state change was attenuated after 16 days of feeding ethanol as 36% of the total energy intake. Supplementation of the ethanol-containing liquid diet with Methylene Blue largely prevented the ethanol-induced redox state changes, but did not significantly decrease the severity of the hepatic lipid accumulation that resulted from ethanol ingestion. Methylene Blue did not affect body-weight gain, ethanol intake or serum ethanol concentrations in ethanol-fed rats, nor did the compound influence the hepatic redox state or liver lipid content of appropriate pair-fed control animals. These findings suggest that the altered hepatic redox state that results from ethanol oxidation is not primarily responsible for the production of fatty liver after long-term ethanol feeding in the rat.
Biochem J 1985 Dec 15
PMID:The effect of methylene blue on the hepatocellular redox state and liver lipid content during chronic ethanol feeding in the rat. 409 27

In vivo ethanol given acutely or chronically by two dietary means resulted in significant increases in [1-(14)C]palmitate incorporation into triglyceride by intestinal slices or microsomes derived from intestinal slices. In vitro, 2.6 percent ethanol, an amount comparable to that found in t..e intestinal lumen of social drinkers, also resulted in significant increases in [1-(14)C]palmitate incorporation into triglyceride. Pyrazole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, diminished the stimulatory effect of ethanol both in vivo and in vitro. These data may provide a new insight into the effects of alcohol, and specifically on the possible contribution of intestinal triglyceride synthesis to alcoholic hyperlipemia and the alcohol-induced fatty liver.
Science 1971 Dec 17
PMID:Ethanol stimulates triglyceride synthesis by the intestine. 513 47

The effects of late pregnancy on metabolic fuels, liver composition, gluconeogenesis, and nitrogen metabolism have been examined in fed and fasted rats. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) are greater and glucose and ketones are lower in fed 19-day pregnant than they are in agematched virgin rats. A 48 hr fast elicits greater increases in FFA and ketones and more profound reductions in glucose in the pregnant rats and obliterates the differences in IRI. Fetal weight is not modified by such fasting but maternal weight losses exceed that of the nongravid rats. Livers from rats 19 days pregnant contain more and larger hepatocytes. Per mumole hepatic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-phosphorus, water and protein are more abundant, whereas glycogen is unaffected. Livers from fed pregnant rats contain more lipid phosphorus and less neutral lipid fatty acid. After a 48 hr fast, hepatic steatosis supervenes in gravid animals due to accumulated neutral fat. The contents of hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and citric acid are not different in fed pregnant and virgin rats but are greater in the pregnant rats after fasting. Formation of glucose-(14)C and glycogen-(14)C from administered pyruvate-(14)C are the same in fed pregnant and virgin rats, but greater in the pregnant ones after a 24 or 48 hr fast. Pregnancy does not affect creatinine excretion, and urinary urea is not different in fed pregnant, virgin, and postpartum animals. Contrariwise, more nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus are excreted by the pregnant animals during a 2 day fast. The increment in urinary nitrogen is due largely to urea on the 1st day, whereas heightened ammonia accounts for half the increase on the 2nd and correlates with the enhanced ketonuria. Muscle catabolism, gluconeogenesis, and diversion to fat are activated more rapidly and to a greater degree when food is withheld during late gestation in the rat. These catabolic propensities are restrained in the fed state. The capacity for "accelerated starvation" may confer survival benefit upon an intermittently eating mother in the presence of a continuously feeding fetus.
J Clin Invest 1969 Dec
PMID:Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. VI. Plasma fuels, insulin, liver composition, gluconeogenesis, and nitrogen metabolism during late gestation in the fed and fasted rat. 535 39

A diet containing, as a source of nitrogen, a mixture of purified L-amino acids simulating the amino acid composition of a successful diet containing vegetable and milk proteins was fed to mice in a 3% agar gel. This diet, at 17% amino acids, supported better growth of young male animals during a 21-day period than did the same assortment of amino acids at 23% of the diet, a commercial mouse food or the same basic diet containing a different assortment of amino acids from a published diet developed for rats. Cystine was removed from the diet, which contained 0.317% methionine and no choline, and this diet, fed for 52 days, continued to support growth and produced no microscopic evidence of fatty liver.
J Nutr 1980 Dec
PMID:An amino acid diet supporting superior growth in mice. 616 Feb 23

Peripheral blood T lymphocytes and T lymphocytes subsets have been quantified by an indirect immunofluorescence technique using monoclonal antibodies, in 10 patients with fatty liver, 8 with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH), 10 with inactive cirrhosis and 7 with cirrhosis and AAH. Twenty normal subjects were studied as controls. As compared to controls (1.81 +/- 0.56 10(9)/l), we found a reduced number of peripheral T lymphocytes (OKT3+) in patients with inactive cirrhosis (0.98 +/- 0.45, p less than 0.001) and in patients with cirrhosis and AAH (1.22 +/- 0.51, p less than 0.02). The OKT4 to OKT8 ratio was normal in patients with fatty liver or inactive cirrhosis, but it was significantly higher in patients with AAH with or without cirrhosis (2.83 +/- 0.79, p less than 0.01, and 2.10 +/- 0.56, p less than 0,02, respectively) than in controls (1.68 +/- 0.24). In both groups, this increased ratio was due to a decreased proportion of OKT8+ circulating lymphocytes (19.2 +/- 6.7 p. 100, p less than 0.01, and 21.8 +/- 4.6 p. 100, p less than 0.02, respectively) when compared to controls (27.1 +/- 4.1 p. 100). The T-cell imbalance observed in patients with liver cell necrosis may be of importance in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease.
Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1984 Dec
PMID:[Phenotype study of blood T lymphocytes in alcoholic hepatopathies]. 639 17

The assumption that tetracycline HCl can cause acute pancreatitis has been accepted since reports began to appear implicating it as a cause of fatty liver in pregnancy with associated pancreatitis. It is listed as an etiologic factor for acute pancreatitis in reference articles and standard medical textbooks without good documentation of this association in the absence of fatty liver. This report describes a documented case of tetracycline HCl-induced acute pancreatitis without associated overt liver disease.
Gastroenterology 1981 Dec
PMID:Tetracycline-induced pancreatitis. 645 64

In two prospective studies including 962 patients and one retrospective study including 165 patients the problem was investigated, to what extend ultrasonography might change the diagnostic value of clinical examination, peritoneoscopy, guided liver biopsy and blind liver biopsy. It turned out, that liver biopsy is the method of choice in diffuse-parenchymatous disease (e.g. chronic active hepatitis, chronic persistent hepatitis, fatty liver), whereas laparoscopy is to be preferred if focal lesions (e.g. liver carcinoma) are present. Diffuse liver disease was present in 80% of the cases investigated; in this group of patients the diagnostic value of blind biopsy is equivalent to the diagnostic value of guided biopsy. Thus, blind biopsy does yield satisfactory results in most patients if it is possible to differentiate between diffuse and focal disease by ultrasonography. Such differentiation could be achieved in 77-98% of our cases, thus ultrasonography could intake a decrease in numbers of peritoneoscopies and an increase of blind liver biopsy.
Leber Magen Darm 1981 Dec
PMID:[Peritoneoscopy and liver biopsy in the diagnosis of liver disease (author's transl)]. 645 6

Computed tomographic (CT) evaluation of the bile ducts in the fatty liver can be difficult, since hepatic attenuation decreases with increased triglyceride content, and liver parenchyma may become isodense with bile. Forty-seven patients with fatty infiltration of the liver were retrospectively identified. In 7 of these patients, attenuation of liver and bile differed by less than 10 HU. In 2 patients, dilated intrahepatic ducts were invisible using CT, because bile was isodense with fatty liver parenchyma. Thus, the fatty liver presents a potential pitfall in CT evaluation of the bile ducts. Obstructive jaundice can be diagnosed in patients with fatty liver, if the extrahepatic ducts and peribiliary vascular plexus region are carefully scrutinized. For maximal accuracy, scans should be obtained both before and after administration of intravenous urographic contrast material.
Radiology 1984 Dec
PMID:CT evaluation of the bile ducts in patients with fatty liver. 649 72


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