Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sodium nitrite administered in the drinking water to Long-Evans rats during pregnancy and lactation severely affected erythropoietic development, growth, and mortality in their offspring. Pregnant rats were maintained throughout gestation on 0.5, 1, 2, or 3 g NaNO2/liter. There were no significant differences between treated and control litters at birth. Thereafter, pups of treated dams on 2 and 3 g NaNO2/liter gained less weight, progressively became severely anemic, and began to die by the third week postpartum. By the second week postpartum, hemoglobin levels, RBC counts, and mean corpuscular volumes of these pups were all drastically reduced compared to controls. Blood smears showed marked anisocytosis and hypochromasia. Gross chylous serum lipemia and fatty liver degeneration were noted. Histopathology demonstrated cytoplasmic vacuolization of centrilobular hepatocytes and decreased hematopoiesis in bone marrow and spleen. Administration of 1 g NaNO2/liter resulted in hematological effects but did not affect growth or mortality. NaNO2 (0.5 g/liter) was at or near the no observed effect level. Cross-fostering indicated that treatment during the lactational period was more instrumental in producing lesions than treatment during the gestational period. The data presented are consistent with the lactational induction of severe iron deficiency in the neonate.
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PMID:Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of sodium nitrite in Long-Evans rats. 369 23

The primary S-nitrosothiol, S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) is a nitric oxide donor with potential pharmaceutical applications for the oral treatment of hepatic steatosis and cirrhosis and for protection against gastric acid-peptic disorders. However, its low thermal stability precludes the preparation of stable dosage forms based on presynthesized SNAC. In this study, we describe an innovative strategy for the oral administration of SNAC based on its intratablet formation via the S-nitrosation reaction of its parent stable thiol, N-acetyl-L-cysteine by nitrous acid during the absorption of water by the tablet. The proposed strategy allows for the manufacturing of thermally stable oral dosage forms for the controlled release of SNAC in the enteric medium.
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PMID:Intratablet S-nitrosation: A New Approach for the Oral Administration of S-nitrosothiols as Nitric Oxide Donors. 2685 66