Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Disturbances in the iron metabolism can quite frequently be observed in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Studies on 10 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda indicate that elevated iron levels are correlated with decreased latent and normal total iron binding capacity in the serum. Morphological examinations of the liver showed alterations as can be found in fatty liver up to cirrhosis, which -- in most instances -- were associated with iron deposits in the hepatocytes.
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PMID:[Clinical findings in porphyria cutanea tarda]. 84 65

Twenty-one samples of water were collected from commercial egg production farms in Georgial with or without a history of fatty liver syndrome. These samples plus a sample of water from the University of Georgia Poultry Farm were analyzed for various mineral elements by atomic absorption, direct reading emission spectroscopy and by neutron activation. Water samples from farms with a history of fatty liver syndrome had signficantly more calcium, magnesium, strontium, sodium, iron and barium than water samples from farms reporting no significant problem with fatty liver syndrome. Levels of manganese, boron, copper zinic and aluminum were not significantly different. Although the results do not prove that water quality is the cause of the disease, they do demonstrate an association of hardness of water with fatty liver syndrome that should be further investigated.
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PMID:An association of hardness of water with incidence of fatty liver syndrome in laying hens. 93 27

Most of the common breakfast cereals tested were unable to support growth or promote health in young rats that consumed these products as their only food. An anemia, accompanied by fatty liver and large concentrations of iron stored in the liver, was observed with cereals having the lowest protein content. Some cereals produced a marked elevation of systolic blood pressure at certain times. Low cholesterol levels were invariably associated with fatty livers, whereas high cholesterol levels seemed to be associated with hypertension at the 45-day period. When only the ready-to-eat cereals were considered, there was a positive correlation between the dietary zinc/copper ratio and the plasma cholesterol concentration.
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PMID:Growth, hemoglobin, cholesterol, and blood pressure observed in rats fed common breakfast cereals. 126 94

Detection and exclusion of focal liver lesions is especially difficult in patients with diffuse liver disease. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may be particularly valuable in these patients. By judicious comparison of appropriate pulse sequences, normal and hypertrophic liver may be distinguished from atrophic, neoplastic, or otherwise abnormal hepatic parenchyma. Chemical shift (lipid-sensitive) techniques allow definitive identification of fatty liver, including focal fatty infiltration or focal sparing. T2-weighted and T2*-weighted images allow identification of iron overload, depicting malignancies as focal masses without iron. Analysis of signal intensity and internal morphology allows confident distinction between regenerative nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma in most instances, and allows diagnosis of early carcinoma within regenerative nodules. MR imaging provides capabilities for noninvasive characterization of liver tissue beyond those available with other noninvasive modalities.
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PMID:Focal manifestations of diffuse liver disease at MR imaging. 911 25

1. Two strains of single comb White Leghorn birds, one susceptible to fatty liver rupture (UCD-003) and a normal commercial strain, were injected with iron nitrilotriacetate and the extent of hepatic lipid peroxidation that occurred was estimated by measuring concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA). 2. Higher concentrations of MDA were found in the livers of the UCD-003 strain than in the normal birds after injection of iron nitrilotriacetate. No differences were found in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the livers of untreated birds of either strain. 3. The degree of unsaturation of the fats in the livers of the two strains was similar. However, the UCD-003 birds had a significantly higher content of liver fat than the normal birds. The increased concentrations of liver fat could account for the increased lipid peroxidation in the UCD-003 birds. 4. The increased incidence of liver haemorrhage that occurs in the UCD-003 birds may be caused by the increased susceptibility of these birds to hepatic lipid peroxidation.
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PMID:Enhanced induction of hepatic lipid peroxidation by ferric nitrilotriacetate in chickens susceptible to fatty liver rupture. 162 19

Focal (irregular, partial) fatty infiltration of the liver may simulate neoplastic or other hypodense masses on CT. On the basis of previous observations of the phenomenon that differences in X-ray attenuation diminish with increasing energy of X-rays used, we performed a preliminary study to determine if dual-energy CT could be used to discriminate between fatty infiltration and hypodense liver masses. Dual-energy CT at 140 and 80 kVp was performed in 14 patients undergoing liver biopsy and in seven control subjects with presumedly normal liver. Attenuation measurements were taken, and the changes in attenuation between 140 and 80 kVp were calculated. The mean changes in attenuation were 3.5 H for normal liver (n = 7), 2.5 H for hypodense liver masses (n = 6), 13 H for fatty liver (n = 5), 0.3 H for fatty liver combined with hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis (n = 3), and 2 H for the spleen (n = 18). The change in attenuation increased as the fat content in the liver increased. Analysis of variance showed a statistically significant difference (p less than .001) between fatty liver and the other groups. A difference greater than 10 H was unique to fatty infiltration. These results suggest that dual-energy CT may help to differentiate focal fatty infiltration of the liver from low-density neoplastic or other lesions, but only if the iron content of the liver is not increased.
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PMID:Value of dual-energy CT in differentiating focal fatty infiltration of the liver from low-density masses. 189 25

An arabinogalactan-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (AG-USPIO) preparation specific for asialoglycoprotein (ASG) receptors on hepatocytes was used as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent in the evaluation of a spectrum of benign liver diseases in animal models. The activity of hepatocyte ASG receptors, which directly reflects liver function, was directly assessed by measuring liver relaxation times in vitro and MR signal intensity in vivo. The following measurements allowed three-dimensional assessment of liver function: (a) liver relaxation time, (b) native MR signal intensities of liver, (c) response of liver to the AG-USPIO probe (percentage decrease of liver signal intensity after intravenous administration of 10 mumol/kg of AG-USPIO: normal liver 55%, fatty liver 57%, acute hepatitis 36%, chronic hepatitis 29%, and cirrhosis 46%), and (d) redistribution of hepatocyte-specific AG-USPIO to the spleen (present in hepatitis and cirrhosis but not in normal liver and fatty liver). The results of this study indicate that cellular hepatic abnormalities can be detected and quantitated with MR receptor imaging.
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PMID:Asialoglycoprotein receptor function in benign liver disease: evaluation with MR imaging. 199 16

We assessed the prevalence of previously unrecognized hemochromatosis among patients in whom diabetes mellitus was diagnosed after the age of 30 yr, and we evaluated the positive predictive value of biochemical screening tests for hemochromatosis in diabetic subjects. Thirty-eight of 572 patients screened (6.6%) had a serum ferritin level greater than 324 micrograms/L; 16 patients had normal levels on repeat testing. Four patients' serum ferritin levels fell to less than 400 micrograms/L. Seven of 18 patients with a persistently elevated serum ferritin level did not undergo a liver biopsy because of a recognized cause of hyperferritenemia (carcinoma, alcoholism, or systemic lupus erythematosus). The diagnosis of hemochromatosis seemed certain in 1 of 3 patients who were not biopsied for technical reasons. Of 8 patients biopsied, 2 had hemochromatosis, 4 had fatty liver, 1 had hemosiderosis, and 1 had a chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate with no iron deposition. Of 4 patients with a raised transferrin saturation level, 2 had raised serum ferritin levels and hemochromatosis, 1 had raised serum ferritin and hemosiderosis on liver biopsy, and 1 had a normal transferrin saturation level on repeat testing. Two of 3 cases of hemochromatosis had other clinical markers of the condition. Therefore, routine screening of diabetic patients for hemochromatosis is not necessary, because patients with hemochromatosis will often have other clinical features of the disease. When screening diabetic patients for hemochromatosis, it should be remembered that a persistently raised serum ferritin level has a low positive predictive value (16.6%) and that a normal transferrin saturation level does not exclude the diagnosis.
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PMID:Usefulness of biochemical screening of diabetic patients for hemochromatosis. 235 Oct 33

The supply of ethanol and other substances to the rat has necessitated the development of quite complex dietary preparation and feeding techniques. This study reports the use of ethanol/water solutions in conjunction with normal rat chow diet to provide up to 30 g/kg/day ethanol to study animals. By additionally supplying agar gels containing ethanol, voluntary intake of ethanol was raised to a possible maximum of 48 g/kg/day. Hepatic steatosis was produced in 7/18 rats supplied ethanol in this fashion. Agar gels were also used to provide carbonyl iron to rats and it produced grade 3 to 4 hepatocyte iron loading in all study animals. The study demonstrates a practical method for administering ethanol and iron to rats without altering normal dietary intake. Ethanol supplied in this way does produce hepatic injury in the rat.
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PMID:A histological study of the use of agar as a delivery vehicle for alcohol or iron to rats. 271 91

In view of the clinical importance of iron deficiency as well as the known role of iron in stearic acid desaturation, the effects of higher or lower iron intake on fatty acid composition of blood and liver in the rat were studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed purified diets that contained iron at 12, 27 or 237 mg/kg. After 12 wk the lipid and fatty acid composition of plasma, erythrocytes and liver was analyzed. Linoleic acid in plasma phospholipids and triacylglycerols was higher, but arachidonic acid was lower in the group fed 12 mg/kg iron than in the groups fed 27 or 237 mg/kg iron. Liver fatty acid and lipid composition was not different between groups. In the group fed 237 mg/kg iron, plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerols were 150%, erythrocyte cholesterol was 137% and erythrocyte phospholipids were 148% of levels in the rats fed 27 mg/kg iron. The fatty acid data suggest a mild impairment in essential fatty acid metabolism in moderately iron-deficient rats. The lipid data suggest a significant alteration in the total lipid content of plasma and erythrocytes of iron-supplemented rats.
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PMID:Iron intake influences essential fatty acid and lipid composition of rat plasma and erythrocytes. 311 80


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