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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male and female, normotensive, Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to acute and massive myocardial infarction with isoproterenol. Some of the animals were pre-treated (7 days) with the prolactin-lowering drug, bromocryptine. SHR survived in greater numbers than S-D but developed massive congestive heart failure of late onset. The adrenal glands and hearts became greatly hypertrophied in parallel with severely involuted thymus glands. ECG tracings demonstrated intense tachycardia and myocardial ischaemia. Bromocryptine reduction of prolactin (PRL) showed no effect on ECG tracings but reduced triglyceride, free fatty acid, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Isoproterenol caused dynamic increase in glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. CPK levels demonstrated greater cardiac damage in S-D vs SHR; greatly elevated SGOT and SGPT levels confirmed the presence of fatty liver in S-D and SHR. Myocardial infarction caused marked increase in circulating PRL in females only and sustained increases in aldosterone and corticosterone. SHR survivors had a high incidence of atrial and ventricular thrombi, left ventricular aneurysms, and intense fibroplasia and cartilaginous metaplasia in areas adjacent to damaged myocardium. It is suggested that adrenal steroidogenesis during an acute myocardial infarct favours survival and more complete myocardial repair in females vs males, and preexisting hypertension in SHR is associated with hormonal and metabolic response patterns different from normotensive S-D rats.
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PMID:Hormonal and metabolic changes during acute myocardial infarction in normotensive vs hypertensive rats. 684 10

The effects of trauma and/or starvation-refeeding on lipogenesis in rats was studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to fracture of the right femur and either ad libitum fed or starved for 48 hours and refed a 65% glucose diet for 48 hours. Lipogenesis was assessed in terms of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity or the incorporation of 3HOH into lipids by liver and adipose tissue. Traumatized rats differed little from control rats in their lipogenic activity, whereas starved-refed and starved-refed-traumatized rats had greatly increased lipogenic activities. These results suggest that the fatty liver that frequently develops as a consequence of trauma in humans may be due to their decreased food intake rather than to the trauma itself.
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PMID:Effects of bone fracture and starvation-refeeding on lipogenesis in rats. 686 31

1. The concentrations of vitreous humour and plasma glucose were closely correlated in both healthy and fatty liver and kidney syndrome-affected chicks at time of death. 2. The values of vitreous humour glucose and lactate decreased rapidly after death, such that they were not reliable indicators of the presence of hypoglycaemia immediately ante mortem. 3. Hepatic glycogen was extremely low in fatty liver and kidney syndrome-affected birds, whereas significant quantities remained in healthy birds up to at least 24 h post mortem.
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PMID:The post mortem diagnosis of fatal hypoglycaemia using the fatty liver and kidney syndrome of chicks as a model. 706 87

General toxicity (A) and vein damaging properties (B) of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) were studied in rabbits. A. 400 mg HMF was given as subcutaneous injections twice a day for a week. It was not possible to demonstrate any harmful effect of the injections on the following parameters: weight, haemoglobin, leucocytes, platelets, serum-protein, serum-alanine-aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, liver cell necrosis or hepatic steatosis as compared with a control group. B. Addition of 200 mg HMF/l isotonic NaCl solution did not increase the vein irritating effect of the solution, when given as a 5 hours' continuous intravenous infusion. The amounts of HMF used in this study far exceeded what patients receive from glucose solutions.
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PMID:General and local toxicity of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in rabbits. 707 7

Obesity is often associated with coronary heart disease and metabolic disorders. In this study, the relationship between obesity and metabolic disorders and between obesity and fatty liver by ultrasonography was investigated in 307 university students (18-20 years old, men: 196, women; 111). The correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the thickness of subcutaneous fat (ST) was significant between BMI and the ratio between waist and hip circumference (WHR) was more significant in male students (r = 0.838, p < 0.001) than in female students (r = 0.639, p< 0.001). The incidence of fatty liver was significantly higher in male obese students (68.6%) than in female obese students (27.3%). After adjustment for BMI, ST, WHR and sigma glucose, the mean values for serum transaminase, cholinesterase, total cholesterol, uric acid, fasting plasma insulin and sigma insulin were significantly higher in male obese students with fatty liver than in male obese students without fatty liver. The present study suggested that male obese students with fatty liver are more likely to have metabolic disorders than male obese students without fatty liver.
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PMID:[Fatty liver and obesity in university students]. 747 66

A total of 560 day-old commercial broiler chicks were used in two experiments conducted to investigate the biotin requirement of broilers fed sunflower seed meal (SSM) based diets. Two basal biotin-deficient diets based on dehulled (Experiment 1) and non-dehulled (Experiment 2) SSM were each supplemented with graded levels of biotin so that the rations had 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 mcg/kg feed. Therefore a total of 14 treatments were tested. Each treatment was given to duplicate floor pens with 20 chicks each for a period of 28 days. Estimation of the live weights, live weight gain, feed intake, blood glucose and free fatty acid concentrations, lipid contents and weights of liver and kidney, and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity and the records of incidence of dermal lesions, fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) mortality and leg deformities indicated that in the case of dehulled SSM, dietary biotin of of 160 mcg/kg feed was marginal while at least 200 mcg/kg appeared to be needed for optimum performance of the birds. When non-dehulled SSM was incorporated in the diet, 200 mcg biotin/kg feed was found to be the lowest dietary level needed. However, as it seems that better results could be obtained with higher levels, 240 mcg biotin/kg with non-dehulled SSM is being recommended.
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PMID:Studies on the biotin requirement of broilers fed sunflower seed meal based diets. 748 81

We investigated the effect of Probucol in preventing fatty liver in monosodium-L-glutamate (MSG) treated obese mice and control mice fed a high fat diet. MSG mice became significantly obese 9 weeks after birth with higher levels of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, GPT, and cholinesterase, and had greater triglyceride contents in their livers relative to control mice. Morphologically, MSG obese mice also had a marked fatty liver. Administration of Probucol mixed with the high fat diet for 2 weeks significantly decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, and liver triglyceride contents in both MSG and control mice. Morphologically, the livers were less fatty after Probucol treatment. These results suggest that Probucol prevents the development of fatty liver, and in addition reduces hypercholesterolemia.
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PMID:Probucol prevents the progression of fatty liver in MSG obese mice. 755 75

Ultrasonic and laboratory studies were performed in 816 white-collar workers over 35 years old who received health examination. Prevalence of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonography was 17.9% in all subjects and was maximum (24.4%) in males 45-49 years of age. Obesity index and body mass index were higher in fatty liver than in normal controls. Serum levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), cholinesterase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), triglyceride, total cholesterol, uric acid, HbA1c and glucose were significantly higher, and a serum level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in males with fatty liver than in controls with obesity. Prevalence of abnormal laboratory findings in fatty liver was also shown, and prevalence of fatty liver was prominently high in males with severe obesity or with mild elevation of GPT. A major cause of fatty liver was considered as obesity. In conclusion, fatty liver was a common cause of liver dysfunction and was closely related to risk factors for atherosclerosis especially in white-collar workers.
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PMID:[Ultrasonic and laboratory studies on fatty liver in white-collar workers]. 764 60

The presence of hepatic steatosis was determined in 180 middle-aged male workers by ultrasonography and was found in 39 (22%) of them. Body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and serum levels of asparate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) were higher in the subjects with hepatic steatosis. Although the volume of alcohol consumed in a week did not differ between the subjects with and without hepatic steatosis, the hepatic steatosis was thought to relate to both increased body mass and alcohol consumption because the elevations of serum AST and gamma-GTP in the subjects depended largely on alcohol consumption but not on BMI. The results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test showed a higher blood glucose at 120 minutes and a higher plasma immunoreactive insulin at baseline, 60 and 120 minutes in the subjects with hepatic steatosis, being adjusted for age, BMI and alcohol consumption. The significant association between serum gamma-GTP and BP, which had been often observed in alcohol consumers, was no longer significant after adjustment for plasma insulin levels whereas plasma insulin showed a significant association with BP. These results suggest the possibility that hypertension in alcohol consumers, and also in obese people, relates at least partly to hyperinsulinaemia associated with progression in hepatic steatosis.
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PMID:Association between hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia as related to hypertension in alcohol consumers and obese people. 775 70

The mitochondrial FAD-linked enzyme glycerophosphate dehydrogenase plays a key role in the pancreatic B-cell glucose sensing device. In the present study, the activity of this enzyme was examined in islets of fa/fa rats in which inherited diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, hyperinsulinism and severe insulin resistance. The specific activity of both FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase were decreased in islet and liver homogenates prepared from fa/fa, as compared to Fa/Fa, rats, this coinciding with a low ratio between glutamateoxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase activity in both islet and liver extracts, islet hyperplasia, hyperinsulinemia and hepatic steatosis in the hyperglycemic fa/fa rats. It is speculated that a low activity of FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in the pancreatic B-cell may participate to the perturbation of glucose homeostasis in fa/fa rats, like in other animal models of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Impaired FAD-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in islet and liver homogenates of fa/fa rats. 783 41


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