Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The binding capacities of SHBG and CBG were measured by agar gel electrophoresis in 63 men with cirrhosis of the liver and in 42 healthy male subjects. The normal range (X- +/- 2s) for SHBG was 8.3-17.1 microgram/l, for CBG 46.4-82.8 micrograms/l. SHBG binding capacity was significantly higher in men with liver cirrhosis (mean 18;1 microgram/l; p less than 0.001) but CBG binding capacity was significantly lower (mean 49.7 microgram/l; p less than 0.001). Although SHBG was lower in patients with decreased CBG binding capacity, a correlation between both steroid binding proteins did not exist. Moreover, there was no correlation between SHBG or CBG on one hand and other parameters of hepatic protein synthesis such as serum protein concentration, cholinesterase activity and the coagulation factors V and VII on the other hand. In contrast to liver cirrhosis, 12 patients with fatty liver and 11 patients with toxic fibrosis of the liver did not reveal changes in SHBG or CBG. Treatment with spironolactone (200 mg daily for one week in 9 subjects) did not change the steroid binding capacity of human serum.
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PMID:[Binding capacity of sex hormone binding globulin and corticosteroid binding globulin in serum of male patients with liver cirrhosis (author's transl)]. 718 44

A high energy maize diet produced a higher incidence of fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome than a low energy barley diet when the diets were fed during the summer. The triglyceride content of the liver increased with the liver haemorrhage score and in hens with the highest scores there was evidence of hepatic hyperplasia. They also had high activities of aspartate transaminase and cholinesterase in the plasma and a low activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase. There was no increase in plasma endotoxin levels as the syndrome developed or any significant variation in these levels with the haemorrhage score, the triglyceride content of the liver or plasma enzyme activities. It was concluded that the steatosis does not impair the ability of the liver to inactivate endotoxins of enteric bacteria and that these toxins are not involved in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
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PMID:Bacterial endotoxins and the pathogenesis of fatty liver--haemorrhagic syndrome in the laying hen. 732 74

Obesity is often associated with coronary heart disease and metabolic disorders. In this study, the relationship between obesity and metabolic disorders and between obesity and fatty liver by ultrasonography was investigated in 307 university students (18-20 years old, men: 196, women; 111). The correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the thickness of subcutaneous fat (ST) was significant between BMI and the ratio between waist and hip circumference (WHR) was more significant in male students (r = 0.838, p < 0.001) than in female students (r = 0.639, p< 0.001). The incidence of fatty liver was significantly higher in male obese students (68.6%) than in female obese students (27.3%). After adjustment for BMI, ST, WHR and sigma glucose, the mean values for serum transaminase, cholinesterase, total cholesterol, uric acid, fasting plasma insulin and sigma insulin were significantly higher in male obese students with fatty liver than in male obese students without fatty liver. The present study suggested that male obese students with fatty liver are more likely to have metabolic disorders than male obese students without fatty liver.
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PMID:[Fatty liver and obesity in university students]. 747 66

We investigated the effect of Probucol in preventing fatty liver in monosodium-L-glutamate (MSG) treated obese mice and control mice fed a high fat diet. MSG mice became significantly obese 9 weeks after birth with higher levels of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, GPT, and cholinesterase, and had greater triglyceride contents in their livers relative to control mice. Morphologically, MSG obese mice also had a marked fatty liver. Administration of Probucol mixed with the high fat diet for 2 weeks significantly decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, and liver triglyceride contents in both MSG and control mice. Morphologically, the livers were less fatty after Probucol treatment. These results suggest that Probucol prevents the development of fatty liver, and in addition reduces hypercholesterolemia.
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PMID:Probucol prevents the progression of fatty liver in MSG obese mice. 755 75

Ultrasonic and laboratory studies were performed in 816 white-collar workers over 35 years old who received health examination. Prevalence of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonography was 17.9% in all subjects and was maximum (24.4%) in males 45-49 years of age. Obesity index and body mass index were higher in fatty liver than in normal controls. Serum levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), cholinesterase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), triglyceride, total cholesterol, uric acid, HbA1c and glucose were significantly higher, and a serum level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in males with fatty liver than in controls with obesity. Prevalence of abnormal laboratory findings in fatty liver was also shown, and prevalence of fatty liver was prominently high in males with severe obesity or with mild elevation of GPT. A major cause of fatty liver was considered as obesity. In conclusion, fatty liver was a common cause of liver dysfunction and was closely related to risk factors for atherosclerosis especially in white-collar workers.
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PMID:[Ultrasonic and laboratory studies on fatty liver in white-collar workers]. 764 60

Functional abnormalities of the liver uncovered during preoperative routine evaluation were analyzed in 109 donor candidates for 100 cases of living-related liver transplantation (LRLT) performed during the period from June, 1990 to May, 1994 at the Second Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital. High serum transaminase (GOT, GPT) levels were noted in 10 (9.2%) cases among 109 candidates, high alkaline phosphatase in 4 (3.7%), hyperbilirubinemia in 3 (2.8%), anemia in 3 and high choline esterase in 3 cases. Positive hepatitis C antibody (HCV) was also noted in 1 case. Fatty liver was detected in 10 (9.2%) cases, cholecystitis in 2 cases, 1 case each of cyst and calcification in the liver by diagnostic imaging (ultra sonograph and/or computed tomography). These abnormalities of the liver necessitated replacing the initial candidate with the other parent in 9 cases, including 1 case without any functional abnormality whose graft liver was too large to fit the recipient abdominal cavity. There were 14 cases of ABO blood type incompatible combination. Switching the initial candidate due to these abnormalities mentioned above resulted in incompatible combinations in 4 of these 14 cases. Although the advantages of the LRLT are the superior viability of the donor graft and the genetic histocompatibility between recipient and donor, to optimize the advantage of LRLT, all donor candidates should be strongly advised to make every effort preoperatively to improve their physical condition in preparation for the LRLT protocol, since many of these abnormalities are typically reversible.
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PMID:Analysis of functional abnormalities uncovered during preoperative evaluation of donor candidates for living-related liver transplantation. 774 84

The glutathione (GSH) S-transferases are believed to have dual functions as hepatic detoxifying enzymes and intrahepatic binding proteins. Little is known about their alterations in human liver diseases. Therefore, we have studied the relationship between the enzyme activity and rose bengal (RB) binding in hepatic cytosol and plasma indocyanine green (ICG) kinetics in patients with various liver diseases. The enzyme activity was measured in samples of hepatic cytosol obtained from 52 patients. In addition, the content of cationic and neutral transferases was estimated in 17 biopsy samples by densitometry of Coomassie blue stained sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretograms. RB binding studies also were performed on cytosol samples. ICG kinetic parameters were determined using the two-compartment open model in 17 patients who were given the dye (0.5 mg kg-1) intravenously. Correlations between the enzyme activity and liver function tests, content of the enzyme, RB binding and ICG kinetic parameters were evaluated. The following results were obtained. (1) The enzyme activities were high in alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver and Gilbert's syndrome, and low in cirrhosis. (2) The enzyme activities were positively correlated with serum cholinesterase activity, serum albumin level and hepaplastin test, and negatively correlated with ICG retention rate at 15 min. (3) The enzyme activity, its content and RB binding affinity of the cytosol were positively correlated with each other. (4) The enzyme activity was positively correlated with hepatic ICG distribution volume. These results are consistent with the role of the GSH S-transferases as ligandins in intracellular storage of dyes.
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PMID:Relationship between content of hepatic glutathione S-transferases and the kinetics of indocyanine green elimination in various liver diseases. 825 11

Almost all patients who undergo palatine tonsillectomy for chronic tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hypertrophy manifest postoperative changes in their condition and laboratory data. In some patients, high preoperative transaminase levels decrease postoperatively. I studied 17 patients who had abnormal serum transaminase levels 10 days before tonsillectomy. Before tonsillectomy, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) levels were abnormal in half and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were abnormal in all. Before operation, laboratory values of serum GPT were higher than those of serum GOT in all 17 patients. After tonsillectomy, the abnormal GOT levels in all patients gradually improved to the normal range before the 11th postoperative day and GPT levels did so before the 25th day. Measurement of intracellular transaminase activity of the palatine tonsil suggested that the migration of intracellular transaminase from tonsillar cells to serum would not elevate the serum transaminase level. Postoperative changes in serum transaminase and serum cholinesterase were different from the recovery process observed in fatty liver. The high transaminase level observed in patients with tonsillectomy is suspected to be due to other organs, rather than continuous inflammation of the palatine tonsil.
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PMID:[Changes in transaminase before and after tonsillectomy]. 836 4

We have analyzed diagnostic efficiencies of the individual "Essential laboratory test" items when these tests were applied to 520 new outpatients in the division of comprehensive medicine in a teaching hospital. The integration of these test results with history-taking and physical examination resulted in 544 primary clinical diagnoses which corresponded to the patient's illness complained and in 361 additional diagnoses unrelated to their chief complaints but found by chance by the addition of the test results. Clinical usefulness of these test items were variable depending on the disease category, demonstrating a superior diagnostic efficiency in infectious or inflammatory diseases, liver and biliary tract diseases, hematological disorders or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus, but a lesser degree of usefulness in gastro-intestinal or neurogenic diseases. Urine urobilinogen could not establish its clinical usefulness because of extremely low diagnostic sensitivity even in liver diseases. The leukocyte differential count provided confirmatory information for infectious or inflammatory diseases and was helpful for the estimation of the etiologic nature of infectious diseases. This study failed to terminate a controversy for the adoption of sialic acid instead of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in the "Essential laboratory test" items, since the former test showed lower sensitivity, even though higher specificity, in infectious or inflammatory status than ESR. Low albumin globulin ratio (A/G) revealed equivalent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to the elevated levels in alpha 1 and/or alpha 2 globulin fractions in infectious or inflammatory status, being helpful for the evaluation of patient's general condition at a glance. Incidental analysis for diagnostic values of cholinesterase and random blood glucose for the detection of fatty liver and diabetes mellitus, respectively, suggested that these two tests may be included in the "Essential laboratory tests". Simultaneous measurement of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels was recommended for the ambulatory screening of renal insufficiency, rather than the measurement either alone. The results in this study provide scientific bases on the usefulness of the individual test items and should be taken into account in the next version of the "Essential laboratory tests".
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PMID:The results of the "essential laboratory tests" applied to new outpatients--re-evaluation of diagnostic efficiencies of the test items. 875 34

We have evaluated the diagnostic efficacies of ultrasonography and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody measurement to differentiate pathogenesis of liver dysfunction in the asymptomatic adults with elevated ALT value. Among 4256 visitors to PL Tokyo Health Control Center for their health examination, 463 cases (11%) showed abnormal liver function including elevation of ALT value. Ultrasonography and HCV antibody measurement using the second generation reagent had been applied to 362 cases in order to screen the etiology of liver dysfunction. The ultrasonography succeeded to establish the diagnosis of fatty liver in 137 cases (38%) and 41 cases (11%) demonstrated positive HCV antibody. There were 4 cases with positive HBs antigen, however, it was found that their abnormal liver function was attributed to other etiology such as fatty liver and alcoholic liver dysfunction rather than chronic type B hepatitis. HCV antibody-positive cases showed higher levels of total protein, ZTT, AST, ALT, and lower levels of albumin, A/G, total cholesterol, triglyceride, gamma-GT and cholinesterase value than other cases. HCV antibody titers were not correlated to hepatic parenchymal damage estimated by ALT or cholinesterase value. Only a little correlation was observed between HCV antibody titers and HCV-RNA amounts determined by the competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. These results indicate sufficient diagnostic efficacies of ultrasonography and HCV antibody measurement for a pathogenesis differentiation in the asymptomatic patients with liver dysfunction, and these examinations should be employed as the first-step screening tests for the etiology determination of liver diseases in the primary care medicine.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis-screening tests for liver dysfunction in the asymptomatic patients with elevated ALT values and their diagnostic efficacies in primary care medicine]. 885 69


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