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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Computerized tomographic (CT) scanning of the liver was undertaken in 17 occasional and 19 heavy drinkers undergoing health screening. The median attenuation value of the liver (CT number) in occasional drinkers with normal liver function tests was 54.4 compared with 25.9 in the heavy drinkers (P less than 0.001). Fourteen of the heavy drinkers had a CT number below the lowest value observed in occasional drinkers with normal liver function, indicating reduced liver density due to fatty change. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was normal in 36% of these individuals. A rise in CT number was observed in 4 out of 5 heavy drinkers who underwent a second scan after decreasing their alcohol consumption. These findings suggest that CT scanning provides a noninvasive and convenient method of screening for a fatty liver, which occurred to a variable degree in over 70% of the men who admitted to regularly taking 8 or more alcoholic drinks per day.
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PMID:Detection of alcohol-induced fatty liver by computerized tomography. 289 13

A solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human immunoreactive gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase(gamma-GTP) was developed. The working range by this assay was from 1 ng to 100 ng. Serum immunoreactive gamma-GTP was significantly elevated in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and moderate elevation was found in liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in sera of patients with non neoplastic disease, including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fatty liver, hemangioma, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP was not significantly elevated. No correlation was found between the serum levels of gamma-GTP determined by enzymatic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumor, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP contents were also elevated, which were well correlated with the enzyme contents in sera. When immunohistochemical study was carried out, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP was detected diffusely not only in the cell membrane and bile canaliculi but also in the cytoplasm of cancer cell. These results suggest that the hepatoma tissues contain an immunologically active, but enzymatically inactive form of gamma-GTP enzyme.
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PMID:[Measurement of human serum and liver tissue immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in patients with various liver diseases]. 289 51

Excessive fat accumulation in the liver is a common metabolic disorder seen in humans and animals. Fatty liver was induced in the rat by feeding the animals with a sucrose rich diet containing 1% orotic acid for 2-3 weeks. In the sera from fatty liver rats there were significant changes in the level of alanine aminotransferase (+ 68.7%), malic dehydrogenase (+ 77.8%), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (- 53.4%) and total lipids (+ 26.6%). There were small to no changes in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactic dehydrogenase, aldolase, malic enzyme, 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin. In fatty liver, significant differences were seen in the levels of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (+ 235%), malic enzyme (+ 170%), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (+ 113%), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (+ 63%), aspartate aminotransferase (+ 35.6%), malic dehydrogenase (+ 38%), lactic dehydrogenase (+ 37%), and alanine aminotransferase (- 23%). Comparison of the non-fatty part with the fatty part of the fatty liver showed larger changes in the non-fatty part of the liver, suggesting that during the fattening process, there is an induction of enzymes in the liver reaching a peak prior to lipid accumulation, declining thereafter during liver fattening. The increase in NADPH-generating lipogenic enzymes suggests that accumulated fat in the liver is at least partially from de-novo increased synthesis in the liver.
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PMID:Biochemical changes in liver and blood during liver fattening in rats. 377 7

In 16 healthy volunteers and in 39 patients with liver diseases (fatty liver, chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis) a simplified aminopyrine breath test (ABT) was carried out using a "tracer" dose of 3 mg (111 kBq) 14C-aminopyrine. The exhaled 14CO2 measured 1 h after intake amounted to values between 771 and 1337 DPM/mmol CO2/70 kg body weight in healthy controls. The amount of exhaled 14CO2 decreased in the order: fatty liver greater than chronic, active hepatitis greater than active, compensated cirrhosis greater than active, decompensated cirrhosis. Between the values of ABT and various conventional laboratory liver tests (alanine-aminotransferase, alanine-aminopeptidase, aspartate-aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, total serum bilirubin) significant correlations were found (r = 0.6019 to 0.7765, n = 55; p less than 0.001). The proposed modification of the breath test is of advantage in that it requires a very low dose of aminopyrine and is easily practicable.
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PMID:A simple method for routine determination of the metabolic liver capacity: the aminopyrine breath test. 392 2

Serum guanase activity was measured in 20 healthy adults and in 62 patients with acute viral hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, chronic persistent hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and fatty liver. Guanase and gamma-GT in patients were elevated in 87 and 64%, respectively. Elevated guanase activities were found in most cases of acute viral hepatitis, as well as in chronic hepatopathies. In patients with acute viral hepatitis pathologic activities of guanase were found following partial or total normalization of other liver function tests.
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PMID:Evaluation of serum guanase in hepatic diseases. 610 73

Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the serum which are associated with an enhancement of GGT activities in the liver. These findings suggest that increased GGT activities commonly found in alcoholic liver disease can be ascribed primarily to hepatic enzyme induction rather than to liver cell injury, since hepatic GGT activities were increased but not reduced. Moreover, at the fatty liver stage the fetal form of GGT in the serum is much higher in activity that the adult form, whereas the reverse constellation can be found in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Thus, these preliminary data suggest that the determination of various forms of GGT in the serum of alcoholics may be useful in establishing the particular stage of alcoholic liver disease by a simple enzyme test in the serum.
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PMID:Alcoholic liver disease associated with increased gamma-glutamyltransferase activities in serum and liver. 610 99

gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase activity was measured in liver and serum from 110 patients undergoing diagnostic liver biopsy, including patients with alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver not due to alcohol, primary biliary cirrhosis, persistent hepatic disease, chronic active hepatitis and normal livers. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was markedly elevated in patients with alcoholic liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis while mean hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was significantly increased only in the alcoholic liver disease group. There was considerable overlap of individual enzyme values among the different disease groups. There was no inhibitors or activators of liver gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in any of these disorders. The increased liver activity was not related to the degree of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. There was no correlation between hepatic and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Hepatic and serum gamma activities were equally increased in individuals with alcoholic liver disease whether or not they were drinking at the time of the study. The data suggest that increased hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is neither specific for alcoholic liver disease nor essential for serum GGTP to be elevated.
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PMID:gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase activity in liver disease: serum elevation is independent of hepatic GGTP activity. 612 80

Focal fatty liver change (FFLC) is a poorly characterized entity whose ultrasound pattern has not yet been properly defined. From our experience based on 12 cases and from the few cases reported in the literature, the following conclusions can be made: (1) FFLC can be of increased and decreased echogenicity with map-like or clearcut margins; (2) rounded lesions with defined margins are indistinguishable from other focal pathology; according to the case, fine needle biopsy, arteriography, computed tomography or nuclear scan should be used; (3) FFLC can change in size or disappear in a short span of time, and (4) a hypoechogenic area with map-like margins in the quadrate lobe (even if it turns out to be a false focal defect in that it corresponds to residual normal liver tissue) of a patient with abnormal values for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) is reasonably indicative of FFLC.
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PMID:Focal fatty liver change by sonography. 638 81

The medical records of 49 consecutive patients with primary biliary cirrhosis of the liver were screened for informations about medical examinations during the years before the diagnosis was established. In 15 cases previous medical reports could be found. Evidence of liver disease (slight elevation of transaminases and gamma-GT) was documented up to 18 years before the diagnosis was proven. In 6 patients liver biopsies had been performed: normal 1 x, fatty liver 1 x, fibrosis 1 x, non-specific hepatitis 1 x, chron. pers. Hep. 2 x. The characteristic increase of alkaline phosphatase often occurred within a few months. Antimitochondrial antibodies became positive independent of the beginning of cholestasis. It can be concluded that early stage primary biliary cirrhosis must be considered in patients with long standing slight elevation of liver enzymes even without cholestasis when other causes can be excluded.
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PMID:[What is the onset of primary biliary liver cirrhosis?]. 748 29

Ultrasonic and laboratory studies were performed in 816 white-collar workers over 35 years old who received health examination. Prevalence of fatty liver diagnosed by ultrasonography was 17.9% in all subjects and was maximum (24.4%) in males 45-49 years of age. Obesity index and body mass index were higher in fatty liver than in normal controls. Serum levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), cholinesterase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), triglyceride, total cholesterol, uric acid, HbA1c and glucose were significantly higher, and a serum level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in males with fatty liver than in controls with obesity. Prevalence of abnormal laboratory findings in fatty liver was also shown, and prevalence of fatty liver was prominently high in males with severe obesity or with mild elevation of GPT. A major cause of fatty liver was considered as obesity. In conclusion, fatty liver was a common cause of liver dysfunction and was closely related to risk factors for atherosclerosis especially in white-collar workers.
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PMID:[Ultrasonic and laboratory studies on fatty liver in white-collar workers]. 764 60


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