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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A woman presented in the third trimester of pregnancy with epigastric pain, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia. The frozen-section liver biopsy findings were compatible with acute fatty liver of pregnancy. The light and electron microscopic findings were those of preeclampsia. All clinical and laboratory abnormalities resolved before delivery.
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PMID:Elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia in the third trimester of pregnancy: an unusual case report and a review of the literature. 266 87

A 35 year old primigravida with a triplet pregnancy developed polyuria and epigastric pain in the 31st week of pregnancy. During that week, emergency cesarean section was performed due to evidence of liver disease and imminent fetal hypoxia. Three girls were delivered who were healthy apart from transient neonatal respiration distress syndrome. Following surgery, the mother developed HELLP syndrome with hemolysis, increased transaminases and thrombocytopenia. She also developed diabetes insipidus with daily urine outputs of up to 7000 ml and poor response to desmopressin. Both the HELLP syndrome and the diabetes insipidus resolved spontaneously within ten days. In pregnant patients with right upper quadrant pain, HELLP syndrome or acute fatty liver of pregnancy should be considered. The association of diabetes insipidus with acute fatty liver of pregnancy is an established, but rare phenomenon. As far as is known, this is the first report of a patient presenting with a combination of HELLP syndrome and diabetes insipidus. Patients with HELLP syndrome have a good prognosis, if the diagnosis is early and the pregnancy terminated at the right time. With close supervision further pregnancies are possible.
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PMID:[Triplet pregnancy with HELLP syndrome and transient diabetes insipidus]. 818 5

The authors diagnosed disturbance of liver-function associated with severe thrombopenia in a pregnant woman in the third trimester. Principally, acute fatty liver of pregnancy can be characterized by existing symptoms, e.g. nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia, moderately elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, thrombopenia, leukocytosis, low fibrinogen level and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, but hepatomegaly, purpura and petechia on lower and upper extremities, and high ALP and GGT levels during postpartum period do not confirm suspicion of this diagnosis. The present report draws attention to the difficulties of differential diagnosis of pregnancy-induced elevated liver enzymes diseases associated with low platelets, as there are several identical pathophysiological processes. Although causes and exact pathophysiology of disorders are unknown, similar symptoms during the process of diseases leave the question open whether they are different diseases or whether they are different manifestations of the same disease, and what kind of relationship exists between these diseases and preeclampsia. This case suggests careful evaluation of the whole clinical picture, moreover it is emphasized that prompt, aggressive treatment of hemostatic disturbance and the expeditious delivery can save maternal life.
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PMID:[Atypical process of acute disturbance of liver function with severe thrombocytopenia in the third trimester]. 1100 36

Acute liver disease was diagnosed in three pregnant patients: two 30-year-old women had a 'haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets' (HELLP) syndrome and acute fatty liver of pregnancy, respectively, and a 20-year-old woman had acute liver failure due to acute hepatitis B. The first two patients had a caesarean section, the third one delivered her child, which died spontaneously shortly after birth at a gestational age of 23 weeks. She was then treated by liver transplantation. All three patients left the hospital in good condition. Liver diseases in pregnancy may be pregnancy-related, e.g. the HELLP syndrome and acute fatty liver of pregnancy, but they may also be coincidental phenomena, e.g. viral hepatitis. The HELLP syndrome is often associated with pre-eclampsia, and presents with epigastric pain and thrombocytopenia with haemolysis. Acute fatty liver disease and acute liver failure due to hepatitis present with liver insufficiency characterised by anorexia, nausea, coagulopathy, hypoglycaemia and elevated serum ammonia levels. Management depends on the diagnosis and the gestational age; pregnancy complicated by acute fatty liver disease should be terminated while pregnancy complicated by the HELLP syndrome early in pregnancy may be maintained to improve the outcome of the foetus. In acute liver failure due to viral hepatitis, termination of pregnancy alone does not affect the disease.
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PMID:[The pregnant patient with acute liver disease]. 1253 8

HELLP syndrome complicates PE in 5 to 20 % of cases. The clinical manifestations (i.e. epigastric pain, elevated liver enzymes, thrombocytopenia and hemolysis) are secondary to the fibrin deposit within the peri-portal sinusoids. The clinical presentation of HELLP syndrome can be misleading. It is therefore necessary to suspect this complication whenever a PE patient develops gastro-intestinal pain. The interruption of pregnancy is the only effective treatment against HELLP syndrome. If it can be safely performed passed the 34(th) week of amenorrhea, a protective attitude should be adopted prior to reaching this date. This consists of the administration of corticosteroid therapy for fetal pulmonary maturation, intensive clinical, biological and sonographic monitoring of the mother's parameters. The administration of corticosteroids or performing a plasmapharesis is not recommended for the treatment of established HELLP syndrome because neither improves the maternal or neonatal outcome. The differential diagnosis may also include acute fatty liver of pregnancy. An early liver impairment, polyuria-polydipsia syndrome and a rise in INR support this diagnosis.
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PMID:[Liver and preeclampsia]. 2034 56

A 75-year-old woman was admitted to our department because of epigastric pain. Imagings revealed cancer of the head of the pancreas. She was an HBV carrier, although no liver dysfunction was observed. Her serum HBV-DNA level was lower than 2.6. We performed pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. No postoperative complication was observed. The histopathological diagnosis was tubular adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. As a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, gemcitabine hydrochloride (GEM) was injected at a dose of 800mg/m2 once a week. Disorientation and jaundice were observed after six doses of GEM. Blood chemistry revealed that total bilirubin and ammonia were abnormally elevated, and that blood coagulant factors were diminished. Serum HBV-DNA level was lower than 2.6. It showed no reactivation of HBV. Abdominal CT showed no recurrence but fatty liver. Fresh frozen plasma was supplied and branched chain amino acids were injected after GEM was administration discontinued. Lactulose was also given orally. With these conservative treatments, she recovered completely. Careful monitoring of liver function during GEM administration is required in a HBV carrier.
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PMID:[Acute liver injury with hepatic encephalopathy associated with gemcitabine administration for adjuvant chemotherapy in an HBV carrier with pancreatic cancer]. 2084 47

Liver disorders occurring during pregnancy may be specifically pregnancy-related, or may be due to an intercurrent or chronic liver disease, which may present in anyone, pregnant or not. This review focuses on the liver diseases unique to pregnancy. Hyperemesis gravidarum, which occurs during early pregnancy, may be associated with liver dysfunction. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy typically occurs during the second or third trimester. Pruritus and the associated biological signs of cholestasis improve rapidly after delivery. Mutations in gene encoding biliary transporters, especially ABCB4 encoding the multidrug resistance 3 protein, have been found to be associated with this complex disease. Ursodeoxycholic acid is currently the most effective medical treatment in improving pruritus and liver tests. Pre-eclampsia, which presents in late pregnancy frequently involves the liver, and HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis-Elevated Liver enzymes-Low Platelets) is a life-threatening complication. Prognosis of acute fatty liver of pregnancy has been radically transformed by early delivery, and clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for this condition when a woman presents nausea or vomiting, epigastric pain, jaundice, or polyuria-polydipsia during the third trimester. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy has been found to be associated with a defect of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase in the fetus, and mothers and their offspring should undergo DNA testing at least for the main associated genetic mutation (c.1528G>C).
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PMID:Liver diseases unique to pregnancy: a 2010 update. 2131 Jun 83

Female patient, 28 years old, with a gestation of 14 weeks, natural and from Ilo-Moquegua. Came with a time of disease 4 days with hematemesis, melena, epigastric pain and syncope. Background of colonic resection for peritonitis due to trauma 20 years ago; upper gastrointestinal bleeding three years ago; paternal grandparents died of gastric cancer; chronic gastritis diagnosed from 19 year old. In laboratory studies hemoglobin of 9.2. In the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was found absence of active upper gastrointestinal bleeding, a large tumor in proximal body toward greater curvature and posterior wall, 8 cm in diameter approximately, lobed appearance, with most of the mucosal surface unscathed is evidence, areas of ulceration of 2-3 mm covered with fibrin (biopsies taken), hard consistency, tent sign (positive) and cushionsign (negative). Imaging studies such as MRI or CT were not possible due to the pregnancy. In the complete abdominal ultrasound only grade I hepatic steatosis was reported. The results of endoscopic biopsy showed cell proliferation ofepithelioid characteristics with atypia. Immunohistochemistry was performed indicating CD117 (positive), CD 34 (negative), Ki 67 (positive 1%). The final diagnosis was a gastrointestinal stromal tumor epithelioid type with mitotic rate lower of 1%. Finally, surgical resection of the tumor was performed in which addition of 3 implants was found up to 1 cm in diameter in pancreatic peritoneum covering surface. We present the case as this is an unusual presentation of this tumor.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal stromal tumor in young pregnant woman: case report]. 2873 2