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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (
fatty liver
)
13,941
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
In this prospective study the impact of
fatty liver
and an impaired liver function on the treatment outcome of displacement of the abomasum (DA) was investigated. In a yearlong period, all cows suffering from DA submitted to the clinic were included in this study. All cows were clinically examined before surgery and a serum sample was taken to measure the following parameters: ASAT, bilirubin, urea. Liver biopsy was performed in all cows. Liver fat content was measured gravimetrically and concentrations of triglycerides were measured using a commercial test kit. Reposition of DA was done using the method by Dirksen. A total of 365 cows with DA entered the study, 326 (89.3%) suffered from LDA and 39 (10.7%) from
RDA
.
RDA
-cows had significantly (p = 0.002) more days in milk than LDA-cows.
RDA
-cows had significantly (p < 0.001) higher urea concentrations than LDA-cows. Bilirubin concentrations (p = 0.008) and liver fat content, triglyceride concentrations and the ratio of triglycerides to fat (TRI/FAT) (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in LDA-cows. The majority of LDA-cows showed at least a mild
fatty liver
. Comparing the cows with successful and failed treatment showed that ASAT-activity (p = 0.021), bilirubin concentration (p = 0.001), triglyceride concentration in liver and TRI/FAT (all p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the unsuccessfully treated cows. In
RDA
cows, significant differences between successfully and unsuccessfully treated cows were only seen in urea concentration (p = 0.004). ROC-analysis was performed to determine whether any parameter is suitable for a prediction of treatment outcome. In
RDA
-cows no threshold value was traceable for urea concentration. In LDA cows, TRI/FAT showed the best curve progression. The threshold value of 53.5 % had a sensitivity of 0.720 and a specificity of 0.700. LDA-cows exceeding this threshold had a 2.4 higher risk of an unsuccessful treatment. Due to the good overall treatment success (92.3 %) the positive predictive value for an unsuccessful or ineffective treatment was 0.368 only. The results of our study clearly show that impaired liver function plays an important role in the outcome of treatment of LDA but not
RDA
. In spite of this no laboratory parameter provides sufficient power to make a predictive statement of treatment outcome.
...
PMID:The use biochemical and hepatic parameters to predict treatment outcome of dairy cows suffering from displacement of the abomasum. 1764 23
American mink (Neovison vison) develop
fatty liver
quickly in response to food deprivation, which results in preferential mobilisation of n-3 PUFA. The altered n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio in the liver may activate the endocannabinoid system resulting in increased lipid synthesis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of feeding intensity (80 or 120%
RDA
), dietary fat source (n-3, n-6 or n-9 fatty acids (FA)) and short-term fasting (1-7 d) on hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and the development of
fatty liver
in mink. Significantly elevated expression of mRNA encoding for acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 (ACC-1) and FA synthase (FAS) was observed in the liver of mink fasted for 5-7 d, while upon re-feeding for 28 d after a 7 d food deprivation, DNL returned to pre-fasting levels. The females had a higher expression of ACC-1 and FAS mRNA than the males. In the non-fasted animals, dietary fat source and feeding intensity had significant effects on ACC-1 mRNA. The highest levels were observed in the mink fed the rapeseed oil (n-9) diet at 80%
RDA
, while the lowest levels were seen when the same diet was fed at 120%
RDA
. For FAS, the highest gene expression was seen in the fasted mink fed at 80%
RDA
and the lowest in the non-fasted mink fed at 80%. It is concluded that short-term food deprivation induces hepatic lipidosis in mink and that during this process, hepatic DNL further exacerbates liver fat accumulation.
...
PMID:Role of hepatic de novo lipogenesis in the development of fasting-induced fatty liver in the American mink (Neovison vison). 2221 88
Objective:
The development of these updated clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was commissioned by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), The Obesity Society, American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists Boards of Directors in adherence with the AACE 2017 protocol for standardized production of CPGs, algorithms, and checklists.
Methods:
Each recommendation was evaluated and updated based on new evidence from 2013 to the present and subjective factors provided by experts.
Results:
New or updated topics in this CPG include: contextualization in an adiposity-based chronic disease complications-centric model, nuance-based and algorithm/checklist-assisted clinical decision-making about procedure selection, novel bariatric procedures, enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery protocols, and logistical concerns (including cost factors) in the current health-care arena. There are 85 numbered recommendations that have updated supporting evidence, of which 61 are revised and 12 are new. Noting that there can be multiple recommendation statements within a single numbered recommendation, there are 31 (13%) Grade A, 42 (17%) Grade B, 72 (29%) Grade C, and 101 (41%) Grade D recommendations. There are 858 citations, of which 81 (9.4%) are evidence level (EL) 1 (highest), 562 (65.5%) are EL 2, 72 (8.4%) are EL 3, and 143 (16.7%) are EL 4 (lowest).
Conclusion:
Bariatric procedures remain a safe and effective intervention for higher-risk patients with obesity. Clinical decision-making should be evidence based within the context of a chronic disease. A team approach to perioperative care is mandatory, with special attention to nutritional and metabolic issues.
A1C
= hemoglobin A1c;
AACE
= American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists;
ABCD
= adiposity-based chronic disease;
ACE
= American College of Endocrinology;
ADA
= American Diabetes Association;
AHI
= Apnea-Hypopnea Index;
ASA
= American Society of Anesthesiologists;
ASMBS
= American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery;
BMI
= body mass index;
BPD
= biliopancreatic diversion;
BPD/DS
= biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch;
CI
= confidence interval;
CPAP
= continuous positive airway pressure;
CPG
= clinical practice guideline;
CRP
= C-reactive protein;
CT
= computed tomography;
CVD
= cardiovascular disease;
DBCD
= dysglycemia-based chronic disease;
DS
= duodenal switch;
DVT
= deep venous thrombosis;
DXA
= dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry;
EFA
= essential fatty acid;
EL
= evidence level;
EN
= enteral nutrition;
ERABS
= enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery;
FDA
= U.S. Food and Drug Administration;
G4G
= Guidelines for Guidelines;
GERD
= gastroesophageal reflux disease;
GI
= gastrointestinal;
HCP
= health-care professional(s);
HTN
= hypertension;
ICU
= intensive care unit;
IGB
= intragastric balloon(s);
IV
= intravenous;
LAGB
= laparoscopic adjustable gastric band;
LAGBP
= laparoscopic adjustable gastric banded plication;
LGP
= laparoscopic greater curvature (gastric) plication;
LRYGB
= laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass;
LSG
= laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy;
MetS
= metabolic syndrome;
NAFLD
= nonalcoholic
fatty liver
disease;
NASH
= nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;
NSAID
= nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
OA
= osteoarthritis;
OAGB
= one-anastomosis gastric bypass;
OMA
= Obesity Medicine Association;
OR
= odds ratio;
ORC
= obesity-related complication(s);
OSA
= obstructive sleep apnea;
PE
= pulmonary embolism;
PN
= parenteral nutrition;
PRM
= pulmonary recruitment maneuver;
RCT
= randomized controlled trial;
RD
= registered dietician;
RDA
= recommended daily allowance;
RYGB
= Roux-en-Y gastric bypass;
SG
= sleeve gastrectomy;
SIBO
= small intestinal bacterial overgrowth;
TOS
= The Obesity Society;
TSH
= thyroid-stimulating hormone;
T1D
= type 1 diabetes;
T2D
= type 2 diabetes;
VTE
= venous thromboembolism;
WE
= Wernicke encephalopathy;
WHO
= World Health Organization.
...
PMID:CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR THE PERIOPERATIVE NUTRITION, METABOLIC, AND NONSURGICAL SUPPORT OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING BARIATRIC PROCEDURES - 2019 UPDATE: COSPONSORED BY AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS/AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, THE OBESITY SOCIETY, AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR METABOLIC & BARIATRIC SURGERY, OBESITY MEDICINE ASSOCIATION, AND AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS -
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
. 3168 18
Background:
Displaced abomasum (DA) is a condition of dairy cows that severely impacts animal welfare and causes huge economic losses.
Objective:
To assess the metabolic status of the disease using metabolomics in serum, urine and liver samples aimed at both water soluble and lipid soluble fractions.
Methods:
Fifty Holstein multiparous cows with DA (42 left, 8 right) and 20 clinically healthy Holstein multiparous cows were used. Left DA was associated with concomitant ketosis in 19 animals and right in two. NMR-based metabolomics approach and hematological and biochemical analyses were performed. Statistical analysis was carried out on
1
H-NMR data after they have been normalized using PQN method.
Results:
Contrary to generated PCA score plots the OPLS-supervised method revealed differences between healthy animals and diseased ones based on serum water-soluble samples. While water and lipid soluble metabolites decreased in serum samples, fatty acid fractions and cholesterol were increased in liver samples in DA affected cows. The metabolomic and chemical profiles clearly revealed that cows with DA (especially with LDA) were at risk of ketosis and
fatty liver
. Serum hippuric acid concentration was significantly higher in healthy cows in comparison with LDA, whereas serum glycine concentration was reported higher for healthy when compared to
RDA
affected animals.
Conclusion:
A biochemical network and pathway mapping revealed 'valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis' and 'phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis' as the most probable altered metabolic pathway in DA condition. Serum was advocated as the optimal biological matrix for the
1
H-NMR analysis.
...
PMID:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolome profile evaluation in dairy cows with and without displaced abomasum. 3185 82
