Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The medium-chain acylcoenzyme-A dehydrogenase enzyme (MCAD) is involved in the initial stages of breakdown of medium-chain-length fatty acids in mitochondria. A deficiency of this enzyme can become symptomatic during a catabolic state and may resemble Reye syndrome. We report the case of a 17-month-old white girl whose 1-day history of vomiting and agitation followed by generalized unresponsiveness caused her to be brought to a local emergency department. She died after resuscitative efforts failed, and an autopsy revealed severe cerebral edema, marked hepatic steatosis, and steatosis of the renal tubule epithelia. Electron microscopy of the liver showed cytoplasmic lipid spherules and mitochondria with dense matrices, changes similar to Reye syndrome; however, postmortem examination of the decedent's blood revealed elevated medium-chain-length acylcarnitines diagnostic of an MCAD deficiency. Although uncommon, a deficiency of this enzyme should be considered in apparent Reye syndrome victims.
 ...
PMID:Medium-chain acylcoenzyme-A dehydrogenase deficiency. Not just another Reye syndrome. 811 90

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is the most common inherited disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation in humans. To better understand the pathogenesis of this disease, we developed a mouse model for MCAD deficiency (MCAD-/-) by gene targeting in embryonic stem (ES) cells. The MCAD-/- mice developed an organic aciduria and fatty liver, and showed profound cold intolerance at 4 degrees C with prior fasting. The sporadic cardiac lesions seen in MCAD-/- mice have not been reported in human MCAD patients. There was significant neonatal mortality of MCAD-/- pups demonstrating similarities to patterns of clinical episodes and mortality in MCAD-deficient patients. The MCAD-deficient mouse reproduced important aspects of human MCAD deficiency and is a valuable model for further analysis of the roles of fatty acid oxidation and pathogenesis of human diseases involving fatty acid oxidation.
 ...
PMID:Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in gene-targeted mice. 1612 Dec 56

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a rare but important component of the differential diagnosis for adults with a history of premortem mental status changes and the postmortem finding of hepatic steatosis. This case report describes a 30-year-old white man who, following a period of nausea and vomiting, was admitted to the hospital with sudden mental status deterioration followed rapidly by clinical deterioration and death. Treating physicians in this case suspected acute illicit drug toxicity with synthetic cathinones based on social history. Clinicians and medical examiners should be aware that the presentation, signs, and symptoms described may indicate an underlying inborn error of metabolism such as MCAD deficiency and take action accordingly.
...
PMID:Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Adulthood: A Potential Diagnosis in a Patient with Mental Status Changes Suspected of Drug Toxicity. 2622 62