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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a 12-year-old patient with focal fatty liver change (FFLC). The lesion was incidentally detected by ultrasonography which showed a circumscribed hyperechoic lesion measuring approximately 6 x 4 cm. The lesion was also examined by CT and MRI. Histologically, the lesion corresponded to a focal area of lipid-laden hepatocytes. FFLC has been delineated as a disease entity in adults. As shown by this report, it may also occur in children. There was no associated clinical morbidity and the lesion was incidentally detected by modern imaging techniques. The aetiology and pathogenesis are unknown. The significance of focal fatty lesions is their differentiation from other focal lesions such as hepatic cell carcinomas, metastatic tumours, abscess and benign tumours including lipoma, haemangioma and angiomyolipoma.
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PMID:Focal fatty liver change in a 12-year-old Japanese boy. 760 88

T1-weighted gradient-echo magnetic resonance images can be acquired with an echo time such that water and lipid spins are in phase or opposed phase. Observation of relative loss of signal intensity on opposed-phase images compared with that on in-phase images allows qualitative assessment of relatively small amounts of lipid in tissues. Conversely, frequency-selective fat saturation techniques are useful primarily for identifying predominantly fatty masses such as angiomyolipomas. Both in-phase and opposed-phase images should be acquired with similar parameters because unequivocal identification of lipid requires comparison with in-phase images to control for T1 and T2* effects. Opposed-phase imaging has been used to differentiate adrenal adenomas, which contain lipid, from adrenal metastases, which do not. The technique can be expanded to examine a spectrum of intraabdominal tumors and conditions that are characterized by intracellular lipid. These include hepatic steatosis, hepatocellular neoplasms, myelolipoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, and renal cell carcinoma. In liver masses, the presence of lipid is largely restricted to primary hepatocellular tumors. Renal and adrenal masses may contain focal fat (angiomyolipomas and myelolipomas, respectively) or diffuse lipid (clear cell renal carcinomas and adenomas, respectively).
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PMID:Detection of lipid in abdominal tissues with opposed-phase gradient-echo images at 1.5 T: techniques and diagnostic importance. 982 Nov 95

Angiomyolipoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of the liver. We present the case of a 32-year-old female patient that seeks medical consultation to confirm pregnancy. Ultrasound was performed and a hyperechoic lesion was detected in the left lobe of the liver. CT scan showed a heterogenic mass arising from the left lobe of the liver, fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed and diagnosis of liposarcoma was made. A laparotomy was done and a left lateral segmentectomy performed, postoperative course was uneventful. Histology and immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor revealed classical findings of primary angiomyolipoma of the liver. This case shows the difficulty often found when a preoperative diagnosis of fatty liver lesions is made. A literature review is presented and the diagnosis and management of these lesions is discussed.
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PMID:[Angiomyolipoma of the liver not associated with tuberous sclerosis]. 1053 34

Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans often have findings that are incidental to the reason the study was ordered. Several recent studies and reviews have addressed how these findings should be managed. This article summarizes current management strategies for several types of lesions that are commonly encountered. Some of these findings can be characterized without additional imaging (including simple renal cyst, angiomyolipoma, hepatic steatosis). Other findings are indeterminate. While some of these indeterminate incidental findings can be ignored based on statistical arguments (for example, a sharply circumscribed homogeneous low-attenuation renal lesion under 1 cm in patients without a predisposition to develop renal cell carcinoma), many may need additional imaging studies to either characterize them or demonstrate stability over time. Adhering to these strategies will hopefully reduce overutilization of imaging services while directing attention to those findings which need diagnostic or therapeutic interventions.
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PMID:The management of indeterminate incidental findings detected at abdominal CT. 1577 Dec 59

This Review documents examination techniques, sonographic features and clinical considerations in ultrasound assessment of gynecological tumors. The methodology of gynecological cancer staging, including assessment of local tumor extent, lymph nodes and distant metastases, is described. With increased technical quality, sonography has become an accurate staging method for early and advanced gynecological tumors. Other complementary imaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, can be used as an adjunct to ultrasound in specific cases, but are not essential to tumor staging if sonography is performed by a specialist in gynecological oncology. Ultrasound is established as the method of choice for evaluating local extent of endometrial cancer and is the most important imaging method for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Ultrasound can be used to detect early as well as locally advanced cancers that extend from the vagina, cervix or other locations to the paracolpium, parametria, rectum and sigmoid colon, urinary bladder and other adjacent organs or structures. In cases of ureteric involvement, ultrasound is also helpful in locating the site of obstruction. Furthermore, it is specific for the detection of extrapelvic tumor spread to the abdominal cavity in the form of parietal or visceral carcinomatosis, omental and/or mesenteric infiltration. Ultrasound can be used to assess changes in infiltrated lymph nodes, including demonstration of characteristic sonomorphologic and vascular patterns. Vascular patterns are particularly well visualized in peripheral nodes using high resolution linear array probes or in the pelvis using high-frequency probes. The presence of peripheral or mixed vascularity or displacement of vessels seems to be the sole criterion in the diagnosis of metastatic or lymphomatous nodes. In the investigation of distant metastases, if a normal visceral organ or characteristic diffuse or focal lesions (such as a simple cyst, hepatic hemangioma, renal angiomyolipoma, fatty liver (steatosis)) are identified on ultrasound, additional examinations using complementary imaging methods are not required. If, however, less characteristic findings are encountered, especially when the examination result radically affects subsequent therapeutic management, an additional examination using a complementary imaging method (e.g. contrast-enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography) is indicated.
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PMID:Ultrasound scanning of the pelvis and abdomen for staging of gynecological tumors: a review. 2189 32