Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 131 patients on a medical service and 97 patients on a surgical service, in whom a diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease was verified in the hospital, the diagnostic value of routine liver tests performed soon after admission was evaluated by stepwise discriminant analysis. By measurements of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatases, gamma globulin, prothrombin time, bilirubin, and albumin, half of the medical patients were correctly classified into one of seven diagnostic categories. Aminotransferase contributed most to the classification, being twice as effective as random allocation. Decreasing the number of diagnostic categories to three (hepatitis, fatty liver, and chronic liver disease) increased the frequency of correct allocation to 80%. The allocation of all the patients to seven medical and four surgical diagnostic categories by means of four tests (aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatases, prothrombin time, and bilirubin) was significantly improved by each step with a misclassification rate of 55% when all tests were used. A reduction of the diagnostic groups to five (hepatitis, fatty liver, chronic liver disease, duct obstruction and tumor) increased the frequency of correct allocation to 63%. The analysis demonstrates the limited diagnostic effectiveness of routine liver tests when used alone. The absolute discrimination values depend on the a priori frequencies of the diagnostic groups investigated, and therefore may vary from time to time and from place to place.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of routine liver tests. 4 96

The role of the adrenal glands in the development of fatty liver was investigated in rats bearing a transplantable pituitary mammotropic tumor which produces large quantities of ACTH and prolactin. The biochemical and histochemical and histochemical evidence obtained has demonstrated that the adrenal glands, particularly glucocorticoids, are essential for lipid accumulation in the liver of rats with tumor.
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PMID:The role of the adrenal gland in the lipid accumulation process in the liver of rats bearing an acth and prolactin producing tumor. 17 3

Human liver fatty acid binding protein is a 127 residue cytoplasmic protein synthesized in liver and in the intestinal epithelium. Previous studies of normal and transgenic mice indicated that the liver fatty acid-binding protein gene is a sensitive marker of enterocytic differentiation. This study shows the use of immunohistochemical methods to examine liver fatty acid-binding protein gene expression in normal human colonic epithelium, colonic villoglandular adenomas, nonmucinous and mucinous adenocarcinomas, and several types of noncolonic epithelial neoplasms. Cells containing liver fatty acid-binding protein were found in normal colonic epithelium, in two thirds of colorectal villoglandular adenomas and nonmucinous adenocarcinomas, and in one third of mucinous adenocarcinomas but not in noncolonic, nonhepatic carcinomas. All liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive colonic adenomas and adenocarcinomas contained patches of immunoreactive cells distributed among histologically identical patches of cells without liver fatty acid-binding protein immunoreactivity. This "mosaicism" was also found in metastases from liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive colonic adenocarcinomas. Immunostaining of these liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive tissues for carcinoembryonic antigen did not show a mosaic cellular pattern in its expression. These data suggest that within a given neoplasm, differences exist in the differentiation programs of monoclonally-derived, malignant colonic epithelial cells and that liver fatty acid-binding protein is a useful marker for operationally defining these subpopulations. Liver fatty acid-binding protein is also a potentially useful diagnostic marker for colorectal and hepatic carcinomas.
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PMID:Liver fatty acid-binding protein: a marker for studying cellular differentiation in gut epithelial neoplasms. 169 34

A differential diagnosis of liver tumors was attempted on the basis of the pattern of blood flow within and around tumors on color Doppler flow images. The study comprised 35 patients with liver mass lesions: 20 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma, six had hemangiomas, four had metastatic liver cancers, one had cholangiocellular carcinoma, one had focal fatty liver, and three had liver cysts. A basket pattern (a fine blood-flow network surrounding the tumor nodule) was observed in 15 (75%) of the 20 hepatocellular carcinomas. An image of vessels within the tumor (blood flow that runs into and branches within the tumor) was observed in 13 (65%) of the 20 hepatocellular carcinomas. These two findings were observed only in hepatocellular carcinomas; even when the tumor was smaller than 2 cm in diameter, these findings were observed frequently. In the patients with multiple hepatic metastases, a "detour" pattern (a dilated portal vein meandering around the tumor nodules) was observed. In three of the six hemangiomas, a "spot" pattern (color-stained dots or patches in the central region of the tumor) was seen. Our experience suggests that hepatocellular carcinomas have a characteristic appearance on color Doppler flow images.
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PMID:Color Doppler flow imaging of liver tumors. 215 12

In this study, the author intended to examine the validity of the inhaled hydrogen gas clearance method (i-H2) for determination of the hepatic blood flow (HBF), and also to show some applicabilities of the method in experimental animals and patients with liver diseases. Simultaneous determinations of HBF by i-H2 and electromagnetic flowmetry in rabbits revealed an excellent correlation between the values obtained by the two methods. Moreover, HBF in rabbits measured by i-H2 varied in parallel with that by thermocouple flowmetry or laser Doppler velocimetry after administration of norepinephrine, propranolol or glucagon. In carbon tetrachloride-treated rats, HBF measured by i-H2 correlated better with the severity of damage in the sinusoidal structure than the severity of hepatic cell injury or the serum levels of transaminases. HBF as determined by i-H2 was significantly decreased in acute hepatitis (AH), chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and fatty liver. Reduced HBF in AH returned to normal during recovery of the disease. The ratio of HBF in tumor/normal tissue was greater than 1.0 for hepatocellular carcinoma in contrast to the ratio of less than 1.0 for metastatic liver carcinoma. Propranolol caused a decrease in HBF by 31%, and vasopressin by 39% in patients with CIH or LC. In contrast, glucagon induced its increase by 65%, 35% and 17%, respectively, in patients with CIH, AH and LC.
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PMID:[Measurement of hepatic blood flow by the hydrogen gas clearance method. Experimental and clinical observations]. 236 96

We present a case of focal hepatic steatosis, presenting with longstanding and poorly defined discomfort. The exploratory methods could not exclude the presence of a tumor mass in the liver; for this reason the patient was submitted to surgery, which allowed the histological diagnosis. We call attention to the existence of this lesion and the convenience of using all the available diagnostic methods to obtain the diagnosis in order to avoid the risks of an unnecessary major surgical procedure.
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PMID:[Focal steatosis of the liver]. 239 Mar 60

Immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in human serum and liver tissue was measured by a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was significantly elevated in the sera of patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. On the other hand, in sera of patients with non-neoplastic diseases, including chronic hepatitis, acute hepatitis, fatty liver and hemangioma, the immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was not elevated. In hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumor tissues, the immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase content was also elevated, showing good correlation with the enzyme protein content in sera. However, no correlation was found between the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase determined by an enzymatic assay and the content determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. On immunohistochemical examination, the immunoreactive enzyme protein without enzymatic activity was detected only in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. This suggested that there is an increased level of the immunologically active but enzymatically inactive form of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in hepatoma tissues.
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PMID:Measurement of immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in human sera and liver tissues of patients with various liver diseases. 257 Jul 27

The CT findings of focal fatty liver were previously described as follows, 1) nonspherical shape, 2) indistinct border, 3) absence of mass effect and 4) subsegmental appearance. We presented a case of focal fatty liver with spherical shape and distinct border, resembling the findings of liver tumor. In this case we could not rule out the liver metastasis from rectal cancer to the end. CT value and follow up examination are very useful to establish the proper diagnosis.
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PMID:[A case of focal fatty liver difficult to distinguish from the liver metastasis of rectal cancer on CT]. 273 89

A solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human immunoreactive gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase(gamma-GTP) was developed. The working range by this assay was from 1 ng to 100 ng. Serum immunoreactive gamma-GTP was significantly elevated in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and moderate elevation was found in liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in sera of patients with non neoplastic disease, including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fatty liver, hemangioma, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP was not significantly elevated. No correlation was found between the serum levels of gamma-GTP determined by enzymatic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumor, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP contents were also elevated, which were well correlated with the enzyme contents in sera. When immunohistochemical study was carried out, the immunoreactive gamma-GTP was detected diffusely not only in the cell membrane and bile canaliculi but also in the cytoplasm of cancer cell. These results suggest that the hepatoma tissues contain an immunologically active, but enzymatically inactive form of gamma-GTP enzyme.
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PMID:[Measurement of human serum and liver tissue immunoreactive gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in patients with various liver diseases]. 289 51

Rous sarcomas were induced in 6-week-old chickens of several genetically different stocks: inbred lines C, 6(1), 6(3), and 7(2); crosses of inbred lines (6(3) X 7(2)) F4 and (6(1) X 15(1)) F2 X 6(1); and reciprocal crosses (15(1) X 100) F1 X 15(1) and (15(1) X 100) F1 X 100. The resulting tumors were scored for size six times during a 10-week period. Females that had completely regressed their sarcomas were placed in individual laying cages and examined weekly for reappearance of a tumor. After death, the probable cause was determined by necropsy. The major causes of death in the pooled sample of 49 females were fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (24.6%), reproductive disorder (14.2%), Marek's disease (12.2%), and lymphoid leukosis (6.1%). Elapsed time between tumor regression and death from any cause ranged from 21 days to 1930 days (5.3 years). One tumor recurred, this in a bird which eventually died with a massive sarcoma in the left wingweb and Rous metastasis in liver tissue. These data provide evidence of specific resistance to neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Causes of mortality in chickens that regressed a Rous sarcoma virus-induced tumor. 301 Feb 65


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