Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract encompassing Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, often associated with extraintestinal manifestations. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease represents one of the described inflammatory bowel disease-related liver diseases. To understand the IBD contribution to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease onset, we compared liver fat content and fibrosis between IBD patients and healthy controls integrating medical and nursing expertise (integrated nursing approach). A total of 95 patients and 53 healthy volunteers were recruited. Only nondiabetic and nonobese individuals were included in the study. Liver evaluation was performed by an experienced nurse using transient elastography. We found that IBD patients had higher liver fat content than the control group (p = .003). Bonferroni post hoc analyses revealed that patients with Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis had higher liver fat than the control group. We also found that ulcerative colitis was associated with more than a 4-fold increased risk for mild steatosis and 7-fold increased risk for moderate/severe steatosis independently from other risk factors such as glucose and body mass index. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that ulcerative colitis is an independent risk factor for hepatic steatosis measured by transient elastography.
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PMID:Ulcerative Colitis as an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatic Steatosis. 3266 25

Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) represent a common dietary protein component of gluten-containing cereals (wheat, rye, and barley). They act as toll-like receptor 4 ligands, and are largely resistant to intestinal proteases, eliciting a mild inflammatory response within the intestine after oral ingestion. Importantly, nutritional ATIs exacerbated inflammatory bowel disease and features of fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndrome in mice. For Alzheimer's disease (AD), both inflammation and altered insulin resistance are major contributing factors, impacting onset as well as progression of this devastating brain disorder in patients. In this study, we evaluated the impact of dietary ATIs on a well-known rodent model of AD (5xFAD). We assessed metabolic, behavioral, inflammatory, and microbial changes in mice consuming different dietary regimes with and without ATIs, consumed ad libitum for eight weeks. We demonstrate that ATIs, with or without a gluten matrix, had an impact on the metabolism and gut microbiota of 5xFAD mice, aggravating pathological hallmarks of AD. If these findings can be translated to patients, an ATI-depleted diet might offer an alternative therapeutic option for AD and warrants clinical intervention studies.
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PMID:Dietary Wheat Amylase Trypsin Inhibitors Impact Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in 5xFAD Model Mice. 3287 20

Pulmonary manifestations of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are often subtle, and underlying disease may precede overt symptoms. A high index of suspicion and a low threshold for consultation with a pediatric pulmonologist is warranted in common GI conditions. This article outlines the pulmonary manifestations of different GI, pancreatic, and liver diseases in children, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and complications of chronic liver disease (hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension).
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PMID:Pulmonary Manifestations of Gastrointestinal, Pancreatic, and Liver Diseases in Children. 3322 42

Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of heme oxidative degradation, generating carbon monoxide (CO), free iron, and biliverdin. HO-1, a stress inducible enzyme, is considered as an anti-oxidative and cytoprotective agent. As many studies suggest, HO-1 is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract where it is involved in the response to inflammatory processes, which may lead to several diseases such as pancreatitis, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. In this review, we highlight the pivotal role of HO-1 and its downstream effectors in the development of disorders and their beneficial effects on the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract health. We also examine clinical trials involving the therapeutic targets derived from HO-1 system for the most common diseases of the digestive system.
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PMID:Heme Oxygenase-1 in Gastrointestinal Tract Health and Disease. 3327 70


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