Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015695 (fatty liver)
 13,941 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concentration of beta 2-microglobulin in serum was determined in seventy-one patients with various liver disorders. Elevated values were found in most patients with chronic active or chronic persistent hepatitis and in over 80% of patients with alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis. In contrast, patients with alcohol-induced fatty liver, the serum beta 2-microglobulin concentrations were mostly within the normal range. Significant correlation (P less than 0.001) was noted between the elimination rate of galactose from blood and the serum beta 2-microglobulin concentration in patients with alcoholic liver damage but not in patients with chronic hepatitis. The reasons for the increased S-beta 2-microglobulin concentrations in liver diseases are unknown. Several explanations including a release of beta 2-microglobulin from necrotic liver cells or an increased synthesis of beta 2-microglobulin consequent to inflammation in the liver are possible. Alternatively, raised beta 2-microglobulin levels may reflect the hepatic synthesis during reparative growth.
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PMID:Serum beta2-microglobulin in liver disease. 9 2

Liver protocallagen proline hydroxylase activity (PPH activity) was determined in patients with various liver diseases, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats and cholin deficiency (tcd) fatty liver rats. The following results were obtained: Liver PPH activity in patients with chronic hepatitis was higher than that in patients with acute hepatitis, while the activity in patients with liver cirrhosis was much higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis. The activity was higher in patients with chronic active hepatitis than in those with chronic inactive hepatitis. Patients with active and progressive liver cirrhosis were found to have an especially high PPH activity, in whom the activity reflected well the degree of liver fibrosis. Even though fibrosis in persistent hepatitis was almost negligible or slight, the degree of liver PPH activity in persistent hepatitis was similar to that in liver cirrhosis. Liver PPH activities in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats and CD fatty liver rats elevated proportionally to the lapse of time. Whilst liver PPH activity in rats of CD fatty liver without fibrosis in 23 to 31 weeks after the start of the experiment was slightly lower than that in rats of CD fatty liver with fibrosis. But liver PPH activity of the former was considerably higher than that of control rats.
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PMID:Liver protocollagen proline hydroxylase in human liver diseases and experimental liver fibrosis. 19 57

The plasma concentrations of estrogens as well as their relationship to testosterone are determined in male patients suffering from fatty liver, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver. By stimulation and suppresion tests the contribution of the adrenal gland and the testes to the elevated estrogens are investigated, demonstrating that enhanced peripheral conversion of androgens to estrone rather than to estradiol appears to be more effective in sustaining plasma levels in hepatic cirrhosis. Futhermore, the effect of testosterone application was studied in male patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis of the liver in order to realize possible side-effects of an androgenic substitution therapy. It is concluded that clinical signs of hyper-estrogensim and hypoandrogenism in male patients with hepatic cirrhosis may in part be attributed to the increase of estrogens and the decrease of total and free testosterone, as is best shown by the ration of the heterosexual hormones which are grossly shifted in favour of the estrogens.
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PMID:Plasma-estrogens and liver cirrhosis. 22 6

Chronic hepatitis is one of liver diseases with arguments from the clinical and histopathological aspects. Histopathological examinations were made on 687 biopsy cases clinically diagnosed as chronic hepatitis. Histopathological classification was based on our own criteria by referring to discussions in the series of Inuyama symposia on hepattis and others. The correlation between histological diagnosis and clinical data was also examined. Histopathological diagnoses made of the 687 cases were classified as follows; normal liver or liver with no pathognomonic changes of 77 cases (11.2%), non-specific reactive hepatitis of 56 cases (8.0%), viral hepatitis of 488 cases (71.0%), alcoholic hepatitis of 25 cases (3.6%), fatty liver of 23 cases (3.3%), massive liver necrosis of 3 cases, liver fibrosis of 2 cases, congestive liver of 1 case, and unclassified 12 cases due to inadequate specimens or other reasons. Among 488 viral hepatitis cases, histological stages were as follows; acute hepatitis (38 cases, 7.8%), persistent hepatitis (23 cases, 4.7%), chronic inactive hepatitis (142 cases, 29.1%), chronic active hepatitis (165 cases, 33.8%), chronic hepatitis with subloblar necrosis (33 cases, 6.8%), precirrhosis (51 cases, 10.5%), cirrhosis (27 cases, 5.5%). The relationship between histological aspects and clinical features was discussed by sex, age, and others. Of 41 follow up cases, significant values of histological type, presence of HB ag., or alcoholic were discussed as for the causative factors evolving liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Chronic hepatitis--clinicopathological studies of 687 cases (author's transl)]. 46 98

The authors investigated electron microscopically the biopsy material of 48 chronic alcoholic liver patients. On the basis of clinical and histological criteria 5 stages were differentiated: fatty liver, fatty liver with increased mesenchymal activity, acute alcoholic hepatitis, chronic alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis. In each group changes of liver cell organelles and mesenchymal cells were compared. In this investigation it was demonstrated that liver cell damage--except for acute alcoholic hepatitis was not parallel with the severity of the clinical picture. On the contrary, the proliveration of mesenchymal cells, signs of its secretory activity and fibre forming, were in correlation with the progression of liver disease. The authors suggest that an intermediate stage must be taken into account between acute alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis: the chronic progressive alcoholic hepatitis. It reminds morphologically to a great extent of the active chronic hepatitis and it is characterized not by severity of the injury of liver cell organelles, but by great proliferation of mesenchymal cells and lymphoid infiltration.
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PMID:Electron microscopic study of alcoholic liver disease with special attention to the changes of mesenchymal cells of the liver. 59 64

Oral glucose tolerance tests (100 g glucose) and the intravenous tolbutamide test were carried out. The glucose tolerance was seen to be disordered even in acute infectious hepatitis, but returning to normal when cured. If chronic hepatitis develops, however, the proportion of manifest diabetes increases to 7.2% in chronic persistent hepatitis and to 16.3% in chronic progressive hepatitis, while 30% each have latent diabetes. The glucose tolerance is most impaired in fatty liver (stage III) and in active cirrhosis of the liver with portal hypertension, where more than half of all patients present manifest or latent diabetes. Conversely, glucose tolerance improves even in chronic hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver as the inflammatory activity subsides. The main cause for the development of "liver diabetes" is therefore likely to be the activity of the inflammatory process, the extent of portal hypertension, disorders of glucose regulation in the liver and the increased insulin inactivation in the cirrhotic liver.
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PMID:[Disorders of glucose tolerance in 2600 histologically confirmed acute and chronic liver patients (author's transl)]. 81 Jun 95

The serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G, A, and M levels were investigated with respect to their differential diagnostic significance, pathogenesis and estimation of prognosis of different forms of liver disease. The sera of 204 patients with acute hepatitis, fatty liver I and II, and cirrhosis, and of 110 healthy adutls were quantitatively determined for immunoglobulins. 1. IgG- and IgA-concentrations higher than 2000 mg% and 330 mg%, respectively, indicate chronic aggressive hepatitis or cirrhosis, and exclude all other groups. 2. A clear correlation between HBsAG (Australia Antigen) and immunoglobulin content could not be demonstrated in any group; 3. A significantly elevated level of IgA was observed in alcoholic cirrhosis when compared to non-alcoholic cirrhosis. No such differences were found inhe other groups. 4. Acute and chronic persistent hepatitis show a similar increase of immunoglobulins. Thus persistent high levels of Ig following acute hepatitis indicate the development into a chronic hepatitis. 5. A relative increase of IgA rather than IgG corresponds to the degree of inflammatory activity of a liver process.
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PMID:[Quantitative serum immunoglobulin determination: differential diagnostic significance for liver disease (author's transl)s]. 84 Jan 24

Oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A) and cortisol (F) as well as LH and the percentage of binding of E1, E2, T and F in plasma were measured and compared in normal young and old male subjects and in male patients with fatty liver, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver. The alterations seen were most marked in the cirrhotic patients, but were partially also found in patients with fatty liver and in normal old subjects: a definite increase in E1, a smaller increase in E2, a decrease in T and a rise in LH. F remained unchanged. The ratios of E2/T and E1/T were higher in cirrhotic patients than in healthy young subjects. As the percentage of bound T in plasma rose, the oestrogen/androgen imbalance was greater in patients with liver disease and in old subjects than the ratio of total hormone plasma concentration indicates. The biological relevance of the extremely high E1 plasma concentrations in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is not known. It is suggested that the combination of elevated E1 and E2 and reduced T, which is strongly bound by increased sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG) may be responsible for gynaecomastia and hypogonadism in chronic liver diseases. As similar alterations of steroid plasma concentrations and their binding to plasma proteins are found both in patients with liver disease and in old men, these changes may be caused by the same mechanism: namely an altered liver function.
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PMID:Steroid hormones and their binding in plasma of male patients with fatty liver, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. 117 87

The activities of serum cholinesterases were determined in parallel with acetyl-, butyryl- and propionyl-thiocholiniodide in healthy persons and patients with acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, fatty liver, cholestasis, intoxication and malignant tumors. The following normal values were obtained: See Article. The correlations between the various methods, especially between butyryl- and propionylthiocholiniodide are statistically significant. Compared to healthy persons, the activity of serum-cholinesterases, determined with the three substrates, decreased significantly in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, intoxication and malignant tumors. A change of specificity of serum-cholinesterases towards acetyl-, butyryl- and propionylthiocholiniodide in normal persons and patients with endogenous or exogenous coma of the liver was not observed. In all cases a parallel decrease of activity in sera was determined.
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PMID:[Comparative methods for the determination of the activity of serumcholinesterases (acylcholin-acyl-hydrolase E.C. 3.1.1.8) and their diagnostical value (author's transl)]. 124 30

Increased concentrations of neopterin have been found in conditions causing a stimulation of cellular immunity, including various malignancies. In liver diseases, serum or urinary neopterin levels have been studied in acute viral hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fatty liver and liver cirrhosis. In the present study neopterin serum levels have been measured in 16 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in 32 patients with liver cirrhosis, and in 28 healthy subjects as controls. Mean values of serum neopterin were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in patients with HCC (15.89 +/- 6.34 nmol/l) when compared with those of normal subjects (4.74 +/- 2.13 nmol/l), but no difference was observed between patients with HCC (associated or not with liver cirrhosis) and patients with liver cirrhosis. Neopterin concentrations are not affected by liver cirrhosis aetiology, nor by its clinical severity, and are not correlated to the values of serum alpha-fetoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and gamma-globulin. The results show that there is a consistent overlap of values in patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis; macrophage activation seems to be a feature of chronic liver diseases, irrespective of HCC development.
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PMID:Serum neopterin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 21


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