Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015674 (chronic fatigue syndrome)
 2,978 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and patient tolerance of cefoxitin (CFS) in 46 patients who were admitted to the hospitals from June 1983 to April 1984. The daily doses of CFX for 34 patients (ages ranged from 6 to 75 years old) were 2 to 8 g to prevent the infections and for 12 patients (ages ranged from 55 to 81 years old) were 2 to 6 g to treat the infections by intravenous drip infusion 1 or 3 times a day in divided doses. The following results were obtained. All of 34 patients with intracranial operation who received CFX for prevention of postoperative infections showed good results. Of 12 patients with postoperative pneumonia, infections of urinary tract and late meningitis, 11 patients showed good results. One patient was discontinued on the 3 days because of the drug eruption which improved 3 days after. The side effect was noted in only 1 patient. This was eruption which improved 3 days after the stop of the administration. The influences to the laboratory data due to CFX were not recognized. The results of this study demonstrated that CFX was an excellent drug for the prevention and treatment of the postoperative infections in the neurosurgical field because of high efficacy rate and safety.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on cefoxitin in the prevention of postoperative infections and the treatment of postoperative pulmonary and urinary tract infections]. 404 78

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was discovered in 1986. This novel virus is genetically related to cytomegalovirus. HHV-6 mainly infects T lymphocytes but its tropism appears to be much wider and probably involves some epithelial cells. Two HHV-6 variants, designated as A and B, can be distinguished by genetical and immunological analysis. HHV-6 infection is ubiquitous and widespread; it occurs most often during infancy and it is life-long. During primary infection, HHV-6 is the causative agent of exanthem subitum and fever episodes without rash in infants. HHV-6 is suspected to be the causative agent of opportunistic infections such as pneumonitis and retinitis in immunocompromised subjects. Its role in human immunodeficiency virus infection, lymphomas and chronic fatigue syndrome is controversial. In vitro, HHV-6 is sensitive to ganciclovir and foscarnet.
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PMID:[A new virus: the human herpesvirus 6]. 793 95

A multivariate analysis of 3334 Escherichia coli strains originating from different clinical materials revealed that 50.2% of isolates belonged to the most common 12 (O1, O2, O4, O6, O7, O8, O15, O18, O45, O75, O78, O83) out of 133 serogroups. Haemolysin (Hly) production, mannose resistant haemagglutinating activity for human erythrocytes (MRHA) and colicinogenicity (Col) were recorded in 30, 30 and 36%, respectively. Antigens K1 and K5 were present in 11% and 6.6%, respectively. Association were found among certain serotypes and virulence markers (O1, H-, H7, K1, MRHA, Col; O2, H-, Kl, Col; O4, H-, H5, MRHA, Hly; O6, H-, H1, MRHA, Hly; O6, K5, MRHA, Col; O7, H-, H4, K1, MRHA, Col; O18ac, H7, K1, Col; O18ac, H-, K5, MRHA, Hly; O78, H-, Col (V-type); O83, H-, K1, Col). There were associations among clinical specimens, age of patients, nosocomial group of diseases, serogroups and virulence markers, too (cerebrospinal fluid-CSF-O7, O18ac, O45, O83-K1-newborn meningitis; O78-ColV-meningitis, sepsis, inflammations diseases of premature babies; CFS-O6, MRHA, Hly-adult-meningitis, sepsis, urinary tract infection-UTI-, pneumonia, other inflammatory diseases; blood-O2, O4, O6, O18ac, ONT, K5, MRHA, Hly-sepsis, UTI, hepatic diseases; urine-O1, O2, O4, O6, O18ac, O75, virulence markers fall to differ among upper and lower UTI; faeces-O1, O4, O6, O18ac, O78, virulence markers rare). Associations were also found among animal pathogenicity tests, specimens, serogroups and virulence factors: highly virulent group strains (i.e. LD50 below 10(6)) belonged to serogroups O2, O6, O18ac, possessed antigen K1 (less frequently the presence of MRHA, Hly, K5) and originated mainly from CSF. With mouse lung toxicity test correlations of serogroups (O4, O6, O18ac), antigen K5, MRHA, Hly and specimens (blood) were also shown. However, association was found between the lack of virulence factors and phage insensitivity and also between K5 positivity and sensitivity to phages 16, 17, there were no correlations between serogroups and phage patterns. On the basis of the above-described associations one can find correlations among virulence markers, serotype, and nosological group of diseases. Animal pathogenicity tests give additional data in understanding the pathomechanism of diseases. Correlations between phage patterns and serogroups reveal certain epidemiological relatedness and also virulence of strains.
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PMID:Computerized complex typing of Escherichia coli strains from different clinical materials. 819 67

Febrile episodes occurring in 29 elderly patients (mean age 75 years) with leukemia, from 1988 to 1993, were reviewed. A febrile episode was defined as a temperature of 38 degrees C or greater for at least 6 hours. The number of febrile episodes was 64. The average was 2.2 febrile episodes per patient. Seventy-two percent of febrile episodes occurred when the patients had neutropenia below 100/microliters, while 16% occurred with neutropenia of 101/microliters to 500/microliters. Causative microorganisms were identified in 48% of total febrile episodes. The most common infectious site was the urinary tract which accounted for 25% of total episodes. Pneumonia and septicemia accounted for 22% of total episodes, respectively. Gram-positive cocci were responsible for 66% of microbiologically documented febrile episodes, while 21% were caused by gram-negative bacilli. Gram-positive cocci, particularly staphylococcus aureus, coagulae-negative staphylococcus and enterococci increased compared with a decade ago in our department. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was used 12 times for infection. No significant difference in fever amelioration was seen between G-CSF and non-G-CFS cases.
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PMID:[Infection in elderly leukemic patients]. 886 21

A series of publications from our laboratory have indicated that the practice of megadose vitamin C drip infusion treatment enhanced the activity of endogenous glucocorticoids in such a way as to improve the clinical course of allergy and autoimmune disease-a disease entity that is known to respond to the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoids. The present paper represents an extention of our vitamin C studies, and intends to investigate the problem whether or not chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), an acquired immunodeficiency disease, can also be counted as one of the candidate diseases for the vitamin C infusion treatment. We prepared two kinds of vitamin C infusion sets for the clinical use: the dehydroepiandrosterone-annexed vitamin C infusion set (the new set) and the annex-free vitamin C infusion set (the old set). The new set was expected to enhance the endogenous activities of both glucocorticoids and gonadal steroids. We followed the clinical course of a male CFS patient using the old and new vitamin C infusion sets, and with and without the oral intake of erythromycin and chloramphenico. Results obtained are as follows: a) the observation period of a study subject covered a period of August 1995 to May 1996. Combination of pneumonia signs and dermatomyositis signs marked the onset of his CFS. b) Old infusion treatment together with the short term antibiotics treatment was found effective for the control of pneumonia in the first stage of the disease (from August to October, 1995). c) Signs of pneumonia recurrence gradually became eminent in the second stage of disease (from November, 1995, to January, 1996) in spite of the moderate frequency of the old treatment together with stepwise prolongation of the antibiotics treatment. d) The alternate practice of the old and new infusion treatments together with the long-term antibiotics treatment, as conducted in the 3rd stage of disease (from February to May, 1996) led to substantial extinction of pneumonia signs (leucocytosis, tachycardia etc). e) The practice of the new infusion treatment markedly increased the excretion of both 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in the urine. Evidence was also available to indicate that the dehydroepiandrosterone annex was converted to testosterone, which in turn made a contribution to the control of CFS. f) The immunological survey of lymphocyte subsets including NK cell percent failed to find a coherent change in a study subject with CFS. In conclusion, the above results could be taken as evidence to indicate that the new vitamin C infusion treatment effectuates the clinical control of CFS by fortifying the endogenous activities of both cortisol and testosterone. The significance of parallelism between pulmonary infection and CFS, as observed in the clinical course of the test subject, was discussed in the light of the focal infection theory of nephritis.
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PMID:The value of the dehydroepiandrosterone-annexed vitamin C infusion treatment in the clinical control of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). I. A Pilot study of the new vitamin C infusion treatment with a volunteer CFS patient. 898 67

This study is a counterpart of the pilot study on the clinical management of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) by the combined use of the old (annex-free) and the new (dehydro-epiandrosterone- annexed) vitamin C infusion treatments with and without oral intake of erythromycin and chloramphenicol. We were motivated to start this clinical study by 2 reasons: i) we have made a success in the clinical management of autoimmune disease and allergy by use of the old megadose vitamin C infusion treatment, and we therefore took up CFS as a good candidate for vitamin C infusion treatment; ii) In 1995, we received a total of 313 chronic pneumonia patients whose clinical course showed a good fitness to the criteria of CFS. We assessed the nature of the disease by investigating the clinicoepidemiological aspect of our patients on the one hand and the response of the disease to both the old and new vitamin C infusion treatments with and without the use of 2 antibiotics on the other hand. Results are summarized as follows: a) the analysis of the medical records of our outpatients revealed that chronic type pneumonia epidemic in Nagoya Japan, with its onset of January 1995, showed no sign of its extinction by the end of May 1996. The patient population contained no patients under 15 years of age, and showed a distinct female predominance in the patient number (207 females versus 106 males). In 1995, we also experienced a simple cold epidemic with its onset of January 1995 (162 males and 224 females). The majority of simple cold patients were under 25 years of age in both sexes. b) A chronic type pneumonia patient was distinguished from a simple cold patient in 2 respects: firstly the former required prolonged medical care (over 1 month) resulting in an incomplete cure and return to medical care upon the recurrence of disease, whereas the latter required short-term medical care (mostly within 1 week) ending up with complete cure. Secondly, the former required the long term use of 2 antibiotics (erythromycin and chloramphenicol) together with regular practice of the old and new vitamin C infusion treatments for disease control, whereas the latter recovered from the disease after the short time use of a set of conventional cold remedies. c) The clinical manifestations of our chronic pneumonia patients showed good fitness to the criteria of CFS. d) CFS was distinguished from autoimmune disease-allergy complex by the method of clinical control: the former required the long-term use of 2 antibiotics together with regular practice of the old and new vitamin C infusion treatments, whereas the latter was controllable by the single use of the old vitamin C infusion treatment. e) The combined use of the old and new vitamin C infusion treatments rather than the single use of the old vitamin C infusion treatment was more effective for the control of CFS-a finding which suggests that deficient activities of both endogenous glucocorticoid and endogenous androgen in a CFS patient are somehow related to the genesis and further development of CFS. f) Evidence was available to indicate that the sole use of the new vitamin C infusion treatment may induce a state of gonadal steroid excess together with various other problems in the recipient. The maintenance of a good balance between the old vitamin C infusion set (glucocorticoid-inducer) and the new vitamin C infusion set (inducer of both glucocorticoid and gonadal steroids) in their use was of prime importance for the successful control of CFS. g) The historical significance of CFS epidemic in 1995, and in Nagoya-Japan, is discussed in the light of the new infection concept.
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PMID:The value of the dehydroepiandrosterone-annexed vitamin C infusion treatment in the clinical control of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). II. Characterization of CFS patients with special reference to their response to a new vitamin C infusion treatment. 898 68

Fungi have long been known to affect human well being in various ways, including disease of essential crop plants, decay of stored foods with possible concomitant production of mycotoxins, superficial and systemic infection of human tissues, and disease associated with immune stimulation such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis and toxic pneumonitis. The spores of a large number of important fungi are less than 5 microm aerodynamic diameter, and therefore are able to enter the lungs. They also may contain significant amounts of mycotoxins. Diseases associated with inhalation of fungal spores include toxic pneumonitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, tremors, chronic fatigue syndrome, kidney failure, and cancer.
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PMID:Fungal spores: hazardous to health? 1042 89

Q fever is a bacterial zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, a unique intracellular coccobacillus, adapted to live within the phagolysosomes of macrophages and monocytes. It is highly infectious, with as little as one organism needed to cause clinical infection, making it an attractive organism for use in biowarfare. Despite its high infectivity, it has low virulence, and most patients undergo only asymptomatic seroconversion. Acute clinical manifestations are a nonspecific febrile illness, pneumonia, hepatitis, and neurologic abnormalities ranging from headache to meningoencephalitis. Chronic Q fever can result in endocarditis, hepatitis, or a chronic fatigue syndrome. Diagnosis usually is made by serology because culture of the highly contagious organism is potentially hazardous. Tetracyclines are the antibiotics of choice. When individualized therapy is possible, a 14- to 21-day course of doxycycline usually is used. In a mass casualty situation, a 5- to 7-day course of doxycycline is recommended, both for therapy and prophylaxis. For chronic infections such as endocarditis, 18 months of doxycycline supplemented with hydroxychloroquine is currently the best therapy.
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PMID:Q fever as a biological weapon. 1450 80

Q fever is a widespread zoonosis caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Aborting domestic ruminants are the main sources of human infection but the reservoir of infection is extremely wide. In humans, Q fever may occur as acute pneumonia, hepatitis or flu-like illness or may take a severe chronic form, characterized by endocarditis, chronic hepatitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. In animals, the main clinical manifestation is late abortion. Infection with C. burnetii can be diagnosed using cultural, serological and genetic methods but because the organism is potentially dangerous and requires specialized skills only specialist laboratories are capable of undertaking diagnostic tests. This paper provides a brief overview of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Q fever (coxiellosis).
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PMID:Q fever (coxiellosis): epidemiology and pathogenesis. 1519 98

The year 1995 marked the onset of interstitial pneumonia spread in Nagoya, Japan. For the last 9 years, we have been accumulating clinical experience with the disease control using the combination of prophylactic use of anti-biotics and regular practice of megadose vitamin C infusion with either dehydroepiandrosterone-annex or dehydroepiandrosterone-cortisol annex. The purpose of this study is to assess the usefulness of our new treatment system for the control of interstitial pneumonia alias chronic fatigue syndrome. The results obtained are given as follows: i) The long-term maintenance of the above treatment system was effective not only for decreasing the risk for recurrence of active form pneumonia, but also for prevention of malignancy emergence in aged patients with interstitial pneumonia. ii) Evidence is presented to indicate that interstitial pneumonia was associated with increased risk for depression of which the emergence is a candidate subject causally related to the long-term use of glucocorticoid. iii) A patient with both interstitial pneumonia and depression was found to be less responsive to our treatment system. It is suggested that the use of more dehydroepiandrosterone at the sacrifice of cortisol in the infusion annex may be a choice for the control of both interstitial pneumonia and depression. iv) The description of chronic fatigue syndrome as regards the endocrinological, epidemiological and psychiatric characteristics are in good agreement with our experience on patients having interstitial pneumonia, evidence in support of our proposal that there is no convincing reasoning to separate chronic fatigue syndrome from interstitial pneumonia. v) The long-term practice of our treatment system for the control of interstitial pneumonia (an autoimmune disease) was found to suppress the inflammatory process but not the fibrotic process in the long run. vi) A few innovations were made in our treatment system to reduce the risk of bleeding or thrombosis--vascular complications of pneumonia. vii) The merit of our treatment system is to create a new hormonal environment to improve the state of immunodeficiency by use of a non-steroid substance--vitamin C which encounters little resistance from the feedback mechanism of steroid metabolism in the in vivo system.
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PMID:The clinical course of interstitial pneumonia alias chronic fatigue syndrome under the control of megadose vitamin C infusion system with dehydroepiandrosterone-cortisol annex. 1558 36


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