Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015674 (chronic fatigue syndrome)
 2,978 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred thirty-eight patients with hairy cell leukemia were randomized to receive either a dose of 2.0 megaunits (MU)/m2 or a 10-fold lower dose of 0.2 MU/m2 of a highly purified natural alpha-interferon, administered daily for 28 days followed by a three times a week schedule. Ninety-seven of these patients had previously undergone splenectomy, but otherwise none of the patients had received prior therapy for their leukemia. The two doses were comparable in their effect on improving the neutrophil and platelet count, whereas the higher dose had a greater beneficial effect on the hemoglobin level and a greater antileukemic effect on the marrow. Acute toxicity in the form of a flu-like syndrome, neurologic side effects, neutropenia, and the need for platelet transfusions was observed less frequently in the low-dose group, as was the chronic fatigue syndrome. No neutralizing antibody activity was seen in the sera from 61 patients examined. Because of its beneficial effect on the neutrophil and platelet count and a lower degree of toxicity (ie, a superior therapeutic/toxicity ratio), the low dose is recommended as initial therapy in patients with hairy cell leukemia. This therapy may be followed by dose escalation once clinical improvement is observed.
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PMID:A randomized comparison of two doses of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in hairy cell leukemia. Wellcome HCL Study Group. 174 80

A prospective randomized study was conducted to determine the optimal schedule of rhG-CSF (recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor). A group of 33 lung cancer patients treated with MVP therapy (mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin) were randomly assigned to three groups: an early prophylaxis group in which rhG-CSF was initiated on day 2 of the MVP cycle; a late prophylaxis group in which rhG-CSF was initiated on day 8; and a therapeutic group in which rhG-CFS was initiated after the onset of neutropenia. Ten patients who had received MVP therapy without rhG-CSF were also analyzed as a no-support group. The incidence of neutropenia was 80% (16/20 courses) in the early prophylaxis group, 44% (8/18) in the late prophylaxis group, 94% (17/18) in the therapeutic group, and 94% (16/17) in the no-support group. The incidence of neutropenia in the late prophylaxis group was less than in the early prophylaxis group (P<0.05), the therapeutic group (P<0.01), and the no-support group (P<0.01). The late prophylactic rhG-CSF schedule was therefore more effective in countering neutropenia than either the early prophylactic or therapeutic schedule.
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PMID:Optimal schedule for administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in non-small-cell lung cancer. 860 58

Febrile episodes occurring in 29 elderly patients (mean age 75 years) with leukemia, from 1988 to 1993, were reviewed. A febrile episode was defined as a temperature of 38 degrees C or greater for at least 6 hours. The number of febrile episodes was 64. The average was 2.2 febrile episodes per patient. Seventy-two percent of febrile episodes occurred when the patients had neutropenia below 100/microliters, while 16% occurred with neutropenia of 101/microliters to 500/microliters. Causative microorganisms were identified in 48% of total febrile episodes. The most common infectious site was the urinary tract which accounted for 25% of total episodes. Pneumonia and septicemia accounted for 22% of total episodes, respectively. Gram-positive cocci were responsible for 66% of microbiologically documented febrile episodes, while 21% were caused by gram-negative bacilli. Gram-positive cocci, particularly staphylococcus aureus, coagulae-negative staphylococcus and enterococci increased compared with a decade ago in our department. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was used 12 times for infection. No significant difference in fever amelioration was seen between G-CSF and non-G-CFS cases.
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PMID:[Infection in elderly leukemic patients]. 886 21