Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Silicone implants have been associated with the development of multiple organ system abnormalities, including rheumatic disorders, nervous system, pulmonary dysfunction associated with autoantibodies and abnormalities of cellular immunity. In this regards a number of case reports and series of articles have been described. We hypothesized that an immune reaction to silicone breast implants would include the host reactivity against silicone and the macromolecules within the microenvironment of the implant, and these autoantibodies may react with other tissue antigens far from the site of the implant. To test this hypothesis 520 Symptomatic women with Silicone Implants which have developed Silicone related Immunological disorders and have typically complained of breast pain, Myalgia-Arthralgia, fatigue, or generalized pain, were examined by their physician. Blood samples were obtained and examined for the presence of Silicone antibodies, Myelin Basic Protein and human serum albumin antibodies. These samples were then compared to 520 matched controls without implants. At least at the level of two standard deviation silicone specific antibodies, IgG, IgA IgM, IgE and IgG+IgA+IgM antibodies were detected above the mean of normal controls. When these antibodies were classified based on the specialty of the examining physician, the % of patients with Silicone Antibodies were varied; general practice 51.6, Rheumatology 58.7, and Plastic Surgery 83.3, which may relate to the severeness of the disease. Being that a large % of patients demonstrated very high levels of Myelin Basic Protein Antibodies, possible cross reactive antibodies were sought. However, absorption of highly positive sera for Silicone Antibodies with MBP did not change the levels of Silicone Antibodies. On the other hand, Silicone-HSA was able to reduce the antibody values significantly. This reduction in antibody levels by Silicone is the best indication for the specificity of these antibodies. Moreover when data for silicone antibodies and MBP antibodies was analyzed in patients some with high and others with medium or low levels of silicone antibodies, MBP antibodies did not correspond to the silicone antibody levels. Similarly human serum albumin antibodies which was significantly higher in patients with silicone implants did not correlate with levels of silicone antibodies. These results indicate that immune reaction to silicone and different tissue antigens do occur and they are initiated through different mechanisms. And since predominant antibody class against silicone, MBP and HSA was IgM, clonal activation of IgM is possible which certainly warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Antibody to silicone and native macromolecules in women with silicone breast implants. 753 75

The purpose of this study was to determine the value of conventional and newer serological tests (toxoplasmic serological profile) in the diagnosis of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis (TL). We studied 40 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven TL. Cervical, axillary, or occipital adenopathy was present in 72.5%, 20%, and 7.5% of the patients, respectively. Low-grade fever, fatigue, general malaise, or sore throat were present in only 6 (15%) of the 40 patients. A positive result for all serological tests was time dependent from the clinical onset of lymphadenopathy. The initial serum samples were positive for antibody for each patient, as shown by a Sabin-Feldman dye test. Between 3 and 6 months after clinical onset of TL, all of the patients had antibody titers of > or = 1:1,024. The ELISA was positive for IgM antibodies in all of the patients in the first 3 months. Detection of IgA or IgE antibodies or an acute pattern in the differential agglutination test was helpful in diagnosing TL in those patients who had negative, low-positive, or equivocal titers of IgM antibodies (as measured by ELISA) after 3 months. A toxoplasmic serological profile on the first serum specimen drawn after clinical onset of TL had a sensitivity of 100%. It is advisable to obtain such a serological profile in cases of asymptomatic lymphadenopathy before biopsy is carried out, especially for those individuals who have negative or equivocal IgM antibody titers.
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PMID:Studies on the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. 779 74

A 48-year-old woman with type II diabetes developed fatigue, arthralgia and myalgia. A few weeks later she was found to have hepatomegaly. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised (53/93 mm), as were liver enzyme activities (GOT 186 U/l; GPT 240 U/l; gamma-GT 199 U/l), the gamma-globulin levels (40.7%;IgG 4470 mg/dl, IgA 698 mg/dl, IgM 245 mg/dl), antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against double-strand DNA, smooth muscles and actin. Laparoscopy revealed small-nodular liver cirrhosis. The autoimmune hepatitis was treated with prednisolone (initially 60 mg daily, then reduced to 10 mg daily) and azathioprine (initially 100 mg daily, reduced to 50 mg daily). The symptoms markedly improved. But one year later, during follow-up examination, gastric polyps were found, excised and histologically found to be carcinoid. The gastrin level was raised to 765 pg/ml. Another year later the liver cirrhosis had advanced further and the type A gastritis was still present, but there was no sign of carcinoid recurrence.
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PMID:[Autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune gastritis, hypergastrinemia and stomach carcinoid]. 788 17

Because coeliac disease often presents atypically it is underdiagnosed. It is suggested that the detection rate may be increased by 12% if serology is used to identify cases of occult enteropathy. All adults noted incidentally to be R1 anti-reticulin antibody (ARA) positive in the course of routine autoantibody testing of 6532 sera over one year were followed. None of the eight patients with seropositive serum was suspected of having coeliac disease. All eight had high titres of IgA anti-gliadin and IgA anti-endomysial antibodies, neither of which is detected in a routine autoantibody test, in addition to IgA R1-ARA. On clinical review coeliac disease was considered probable in only one patient, but because of the strong serological evidence of gluten sensitivity, jejunal biopsy was advised in all eight. Seven agreed and all had villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia in keeping with coeliac disease. Six of the seven presented initially with vague symptoms such as tiredness or arthralgia. These symptoms disappeared after several weeks of gluten withdrawal. Forty two sera showing reticulin staining patterns other than R1 were used as controls. Low titre IgA anti-gliadin was noted in two of 42 but none had IgA anti-endomysial antibody. These 42 cases were not recommended for biopsy. During our study 58 other new adult cases of coeliac disease were diagnosed, primarily on clinical rather than serological grounds, at the four hospitals that request autoantibody studies. Occult coeliac disease detected serologically thus increased the overall incidence of coeliac disease by 12% from 58 to 65 cases. R1-ARA, even in the absence of the expected symptoms and signs of coeliac disease, is an indication for jejunal biopsy and is a reliable indicator of occult coeliac disease.
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PMID:Serological screening suggests that adult coeliac disease is underdiagnosed in the UK and increases the incidence by up to 12%. 830 51

A family outbreak (3 cases) of Chlamydia psittaci infection was reported. The first case, a 56-year-old man was admitted with fever and general fatigue. Chest X-ray film revealed a consolidation in the right lower lung. One month before admission he had purchased 2 parakeets (chick) and one parakeet died. On learning of his history of contact with the chick, psittacosis was suspected. After administration of fixation (CF) antibody titer against chlamydia rose to 1:128 and IgA titer against Chlamydia psittaci by microimmunofluorescence antibody technique (MAF) rose to 1:128 in 21 days after admission. The second case, the wife of the first, a 53-year-old woman had a fever and a cough about two weeks before the admission of the first case. At the time of her husband was admitted, she attended the outpatient department. The chest CT X-ray film showed a ground glass appearance in both lower lung fields. The third case, the daughter of the first, didn't have any signs. Chest X-ray film was normal. But IgM titer against Chlamydia psittaci by MAF rose to 1:16 and IgA titer against Chlamydia psittaci by MAF rose to 1:128. This case was considered as inapparent infection.
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PMID:[A family outbreak of Chlamydia psittaci infection]. 869 Sep 54

We report a case of selective IgM deficiency associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A 34-year-old female suffering from SLE was admitted with proteinuria and general fatigue. Laboratory findings revealed a very low serum IgM level, almost lower than 12 mg/dl. Renal biopsy findings showed diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (DPLN). In immunofluorescent microscopy, IgG was the most strongly stained followed by IgA, but IgM staining was only faint. As for the immunophenotype of the T cells, the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was normal. Response to both phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (ConA) was normal. However, responses of B cells to both pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC) were significantly reduced. Surface IgM-positive B cells were decreased. These results indicate that the patient had B cell dysfunction, involving impairment of B cell differentiation. In this report, we discuss selective IgM deficiency and SLE documented in the literature.
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PMID:[A case of selective IgM deficiency associated with systemic lupus erythematosus]. 870 18

A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in December 1993, because of fatigue. Peripheral blood tests showed a WBC of 49,400/microliter with 36% plasma cells and 35% monocytes, Hb 14.5 g/dl, and Plt 137,000/microliter. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypercellularity with 48.7% plasma cells and 22.4% monocytes. Plasma cells in blood were positive for CD38 and PCA-1. Serum calcium, IgA and M-CSF levels were elevated to 14.1 mg/dl, 2,337 mg/dl and 2.7 ng/ml, respectively. Immunoelectrophoresis of serum and urine revealed IgA lambda type M protein and lambda type Bence Jones protein, respectively. Rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain were demonstrated by Southern blotting analysis. Plasma cell leukemia (IgA lambda type) was diagnosed. He was treated with combination chemotherapy and IFN-alpha and achieved complete remission. However, he suffered a meningeal relapse in February 1995, and died in April 1996. It seems likely that the enhanced production of M-CSF by myeloma cells and/ or activated B cells stimulated monocyte production.
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PMID:[Plasma cell leukemia associated with monocytosis]. 926 65

Oxygen free radicals have been implicated in exercise-induced cell and tissue injury, indicating an oxidative stress. Fatigue accompanied by a number of physiological and metabolic changes is in indication of overtraining. This study aimed to examine the influence of a continuous 24-h intermittent speed driving (1 h driving/1 h stop), on the response of hormones, antioxidative factors, lipid, and enzyme levels. Seven race car drivers of national level were examined before, during, and immediately after the trial of speed driving on a test designed to check endurance to stress. The parameters measured were: testosterone (Tes), cortisol (Cor), IgM, IgA, cholesterol, HDL, billirubin, ceruloplasmin, urea, uric acid, creatine kinase, and transaminases. Stress hormone Cor declined significantly (p < 0.05), while Tes did not change significantly. Fatigue enzyme, aspartate transaminase (GOT) increased significantly (p < 0.05), while alanine transaminase (GPT) did not change and urea declined. Muscle enzyme, creatine kinase (CK) increased to sixfold (p < 0.01). IgA, IgM and lipids did not change. The primary antioxidant ceruloplasmin increased significantly (p < 0.001), while antioxidants uric acid and glucose remained unchanged. Among the factors measured, ceruloplasmin, cortisol, urea, GOT, and CK seem to give a picture of the organism's alertness and defence capabilities in conditions of stress and fatigue.
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PMID:Stress hormonal factors, fatigue, and antioxidant responses to prolonged speed driving. 967 60

The quality and quantity of saliva may be important in defending against pathogens transmitted via the buccal cavity. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of cycling to exhaustion at moderate and high intensity on various salivary parameters and the time course of recovery. Eighteen male subjects of mixed physical fitness took part in the study. Subjects performed two bouts of exercise on separate occasions at least one week apart. Following an overnight fast, subjects cycled on an electrically braked cycle ergometer at a work rate equivalent to 80% VO2max until exhaustion. On another occasion they cycled on the same ergometer at 55% VO2max for 3 h or to fatigue (whichever was sooner). The order of the rides was randomised. Timed, unstimulated saliva samples were collected pre-exercise, during exercise, at cessation of exercise and at 1, 2.5, 5 and 24 h post-exercise. Saliva samples were analysed for IgA, total protein and osmolality. Saliva flow rate was significantly reduced by exercise (P < 0.01). Saliva IgA concentration, secretion rate and ratio to osmolality increased during exercise (P < 0.01). IgA to protein ratio did not change significantly during exercise. Since saliva protein secretion rate increased during exercise (P < 0.01) it appears that correcting for loss of saliva water by expressing IgA relative to protein is misleading. IgA secretion rate and IgA to osmolality ratio are more appropriate measures and neither parameter was lowered by exercise. The results of this study indicate that exercise may detrimentally affect the quantity of saliva produced, but not the quality of saliva. Furthermore, when exercise is to exhaustion, the intensity of the bout does not appear to influence the saliva response. Neither exercise protocol had any long term effect on saliva as all variables recovered within 1 h post-exercise.
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PMID:The effect of exercising to exhaustion at different intensities on saliva immunoglobulin A, protein and electrolyte secretion. 987 46

Overtraining is of serious concern to long-distance runners and will affect 65% of them at some time in their competitive career. The clinical presentation is nonspecific but the classical symptoms include fatigue, mood disturbances, frequent upper respiratory infections and injury, and a decrease in performance. Dysfunction of the hypothalamic pituitary axis from repeated stress, of a physical or nonphysical nature, represents the most likely pathogenesis of this condition. There is no single biological marker that is diagnostic of an overtrained state; however, several parameters deserve further study. The time to volitional fatigue on a cycle ergometer at an intensity of 110% of the individual anaerobic threshold represents a possible laboratory test. Salivary IgA holds promise as a useful immunoligical marker of the overtrained state and further research is needed to determine the validity of plasma glutamine as a blood marker. The most promising tool at present is a measure of the athlete's mood state, and several psychological tools can be used for this purpose.
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PMID:Markers of excessive exercise. 991 82


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