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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cochlear microphonics (CM), action potentials (AP) and endochochlear potential (EP) were recorded on guinea pigs. The introduction of a small quantity of KCl solution (0.1 N) in the perilymph provoked a moderate decrease of CM and AP. During the period of depressed but stable amplitude, the presentation of intense sounds provoked an exaggerated susceptibility to fatigue and a delayed recovery. Similar changes were observed in the evolution of EP. However, the recovery was slower for EP than for CM. The results, as a whole, suggest that the fatigue which is manifested in the depression of cochlear potentials is related to a leakage of potassium ions from endolymph to fluids spaces within the organ of Corti.
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PMID:Increased fatigue of cochlear potentials after injection of KCl solution in the perilymph. 92 3

In a group of nine healthy but obese women a set of tests were used to estimate several physiological and psycho-physiological variables: self-rating of hunger, mood and physical vigor, self-recording of grip-strength, muscular fatigue test, eye-hand skill, tempo, etc. Measurements were performed every 6-hours, at fixed times, during 24-hours, once a week, before (non-restricted spontaneous food intake) and for three weeks on a 220 cal. special protein diet (calcium caseinate: 55g, associated with potassium salts, water and vitamins). Findings relating to the metabolic and hormonal variables while on this diet have already been reported: (a) The diet does not alter the circadian acrophase (peak) of the variables and (b) two distinct metabolic steps occur: first a peak of gluconeogenesis and second, a phase when ketone bodies and fatty acids are used almost exclusively as source of fuel. The present findings show that so long as nitrogen remains in balance this restricted diet (a) does not change the grip strength and the muscular fatigue test; (b) does not alter the mood, the physical vigor etc. and (c) induces a statistically significant fall in "hunger" (self-rating method). We conclude that this low protein diet is compatible with non-strenuous work.
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PMID:A chronobiological investigation of fitness for work in women on a 220 cal 24 h protein diet. 102 34

Hyperaldosteronism due to aldosteronoma is a rare but potentially curable form of pediatric hypertension. We have presented a patient who had symptoms of enuresis and fatigue, and in whom the diagnosis was suggested by low serum potassium and persistent hypertension. Diagnosis was confirmed by increased plasma and urinary aldosterone and decreased plasma renin. The tumor was localized with the aid of adrenal venography and catheterization, which showed greatly increased plasma aldosterone levels in the right adrenal vein. The pathologic findings were totally reversed by right adrenalectomy. The clinical picture and results following surgical removal of aldosterone-producing tumors in six children are reviewed.
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PMID:Aldosteronoma in a child with localization by adrenal vein aldosterone: collective review of the literature. 120 77

Polymyalgia rheumatica should be considered when a syndrome of constitutional symptoms, especially weight loss, low-grade fever, weakness, wasting proximal muscles, fatigue, malaise and depression, is seen in the elderly. Giant-cell arteritis plays a part later in the course. Thus the need for biopsy of a long segment of the temporal artery to help in determining diagnosis and therapy. An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is an important clue. The usual high value is about 80 mm/hour; if it is over 100 mm/hour, giant-cell arteritis should be suspected. Salicylates, indomethacin, phenylbutazone and hydroxychloroquine produce some clinical improvement but do not lower the high ESR; moreover, the patients are prone to experience relapses. Prednisone, however, not only produces clinical improvement but lowers the high ESR. Potassium p-aminobenzoate may be useful in maintaining the remission.
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PMID:Polymyalgia rheumatica. 124 88

The clinical and biochemical manifestations of secondary adrenocortical insufficiency are not well defined in the medical literature. This study was designed to determine the clinical and laboratory features suggesting the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in 15 chronic ACTH deficiency patients during low and normal cortisol states. Except for fatigue and weakness, the characteristic clinical manifestations of primary adrenal insufficiency occurred rarely. ACTH deficiency did not significantly modify blood glucose, serum calcium, sodium, potassium and differential white blood cell count. However, serum T4 was lower (65 +/- 19 vs 95 +/- 21 nmol/l, p less than 0.001) during cortisol deficiency, while T3 was higher (2.4 +/- 0.67 vs 2.0 +/- 0.60 nmol/l, p less than 0.001). Furthermore, rT3 decreased significantly during hypocorticism (0.27 +/- 0.07 vs 0.18 +/- 0.07 nmol/l, p less than 0.001). The T4/T3 ratio was significantly lower than the normal in 15 out of the 17 episodes of ACTH deficiency (29 +/- 12.5 vs 57 +/- 9.4, p less than 0.0001). We conclude that the increase in T3 and decrease in T4 levels are associated with chronic secondary adrenocortical insufficiency. This laboratory feature could be due, at least in part, to the increased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 during cortisol deficiency.
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PMID:Increase in T3 levels during hypocorticism in patients with chronic secondary adrenocortical insufficiency. 131 31

Muscular fatigue is manifested by a decline in force- or power-generating capacity and may be prominent in both submaximal and maximal contractions. Disturbances in muscle electrolytes play an important role in the development of muscular fatigue. Intense muscular contraction is accompanied by an increased muscle water content, distributed in both intracellular and extracellular spaces. This water influx will modify ionic changes in both compartments. Changes in muscle intracellular electrolyte concentrations with intense contraction may be summarised as including decreases in potassium (6 to 20%) and in creatine phosphate (up to 70 to 100%) and increases in lactate (more than 10-fold), sodium (2-fold) and small, variable increases in chloride. The net result of these intracellular ionic concentration changes with exercise will be a reduction in the intracellular strong ion difference, with a consequent marked rise in intracellular hydrogen ion concentration. This intracellular acidosis has been linked with fatigue via impairment of regulatory and contractile protein function, calcium regulation and metabolism. Potassium efflux from the contracting muscle cell dramatically decreases the intracellular to extracellular potassium ratio, leading to depolarisation of sarcolemmal and t-tubular membranes. Surprisingly little research has investigated the effects of intense exercise training on electrolyte regulation and fatigue.
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PMID:The roles of ionic processes in muscular fatigue during intense exercise. 137 45

A 44-year-old female with 16-year history of rheumatoid arthritis visited Akiru Hospital with complaints of a thirst, a dry mouth and a general fatigue. One week prior to admission, the patient manifested excessive thirsty feeling, a body weight loss and a sleepless by the polyuria. She has been given 5-10 mg of prednisolone and 240 mg of lobenzarit disodium (CCA) in a day for 11 months. A hematologic examination showed no abnormality, and the examination of her serum showed the following values: BUN, 9.3 mg/dl; creatinine, 0.9 mg/dl; sodium, 139 mEq/l; chloride, 102 mEq/l; potassium, 3.9 mEq/l; osmolality, 290 mOsm/l. Plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level increased slightly (6.0 pg/ml). Examination of her urine revealed specific gravity, 1.005; no trace of glucose, protein, blood and ketones; normal sediment; and osmolality, 209 mOsm/l. The patient was given exogenous ADH (10 units of vasopressin tannate in oil, intramuscularly) to obtain a diagnosis, and she was found to be unable to concentrate her urine more than 1.008 in the specific gravity. A water restriction, as a test for diabetes insipidus, also failed to concentrate her urine in the specific gravity and in the osmolality. Together with these findings, the patient was diagnosed to be a diabetes insipidus, and CCA was seemed to account for the disease. This unfavorable effect of CCA appeared to be reversible, since the patient recovered her urinary concentrating ability after the medication of CCA was discontinued.
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PMID:[Lobenzarit disodium (CCA)--induced diabetes insipidus in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis]. 141 95

The measurement of the adequacy of dialysis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is controversial. The use of weekly total creatinine clearance (TCC) has been recommended, but not validated. We analyzed data from our recent urea kinetics in a CAPD study to investigate TCC and its relationship to patient outcomes. TCC was measured over 24 hours by adding residual renal and peritoneal creatinine clearance, correcting for 1.73 m2 surface area and converting to a weekly value. Seventy-six patients had 218 measurements, on starting CAPD and then at 6-month intervals, with mean follow-up of 20 months (range 1-57 months). The mean TCC was 73.62 +/- 32.11 L/week. Due mainly to the loss of residual renal function, the TCC decreased with time (r = -0.40, p < 0.0001), from 88.65 L/week initially to 66.11 at one year, 59.84 at two years, and 50.47 at three years. Dialysate-to-plasma creatinine concentration ratios (D/P Cr) increased with time (r = 0.28, p < 0.0001) from 0.62 initially to 0.66 at one year and 0.73 at two years. The TCC correlated significantly with serum levels of creatinine (r = -0.46, p < 0.0001), urea (r = -0.21, p < 0.001), potassium (r = 0.14, p < 0.05), phosphate (r = 0.25, p < 0.001), and hemoglobin (r = 0.16, p < 0.01), but not with serum albumin or with clinical outcomes including technique failure, hospital days, transfusions, peritonitis rate, nerve conduction velocity, or subjective indices of well-being, except for a weak correlation with the fatigue index (r = 0.19, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Is total creatinine clearance a good predictor of clinical outcomes in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis? 142 Apr 89

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the relationship between plasma potassium (K+) and ventilation (VE) during incremental exercise. Blood lactate (La-) was also measured, and its relationship with VE was similarly examined. Eight endurance-trained triathletes (ET) and eight active but untrained men (UT) performed an incremental cycling test to volitional fatigue. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and oxygen uptake (VO2) at lactate threshold (LT) were higher (P < 0.05) in ET (VO2max 4.60 +/- 0.10 l/min, LT 2.77 +/- 0.85 l/min) than in UT (VO2max 3.79 +/- 0.11 l/min, LT 1.94 +/- 0.60 l/min). There were significant (P < 0.05) correlations between VE and K+ (UT 0.87, ET 0.77) and between VE and La- (UT 0.88, ET 0.85). In ET compared with UT, VE was lower (P < 0.05) at 330 W, K+ was lower at 300 and 330 W, and La- was lower at all work loads > 90 W. These results suggest that K+ may make an important contribution to the regulation of ventilation during incremental exercise and that endurance training attenuates the K+ response to that exercise.
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PMID:Potassium and ventilation during incremental exercise in trained and untrained men. 144 71

If the failing left ventricle could be given an effective push, other approaches to the treatment of heart failure would not be needed. We have inotropes only for short-term parenteral use. We have no safe inotrope for chronic oral use. The effect of digitalis is only feeble and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors seem to increase mortality from sudden death. Diuretics are dramatic for acute pulmonary oedema and the mainstay for chronic fluid retention but do not improve the pump and by reducing blood volume stimulate the renin angiotensin system to vasoconstriction, further fluid retention and hypokalaemia. Nitrates drop pre-load without reducing blood volume but tolerance is a problem and stroke volume does not increase. Reduction of afterload helps the failing ventricle to empty, the pull and output increases. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) are now the cornerstone of heart failure treatment, reducing mortality in severe heart failure (CONSENSUS) and superior to standard vasodilator therapy (V-HeFT-2) at improving the survival of patients with mild to moderate heart failure. ACEI can reduce the incidence of ventricular ectopy and probably do this through improving left ventricular function, from decreasing sympathetic tone, reducing myocardial oxygen demand or increasing serum potassium but ACEI did not diminish the incidence of sudden death in the SOLVD trial despite reducing mortality. Disappointingly little improvement in exercise tolerance and persistence of chronic fatigue in heart failure concentrated attention on the periphery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The push, the pull and the periphery. 144 45


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