Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report an autopsy case of acute erythremia which terminated in generalized infiltration of immature blasts similar to proerythroblasts. A 61-year-old man was admitted because of general fatigue and fever in June, 1990. Mild anemia and severe thrombocytopenia were noted. The bone marrow was hypocellular with 25.5% blasts similar to proerythroblasts and 36.5% erythroblasts, many of which were polynuclear and megaloblastoid. The blasts were cytochemically negative for POX, but positive for PAS staining. Therefore he was diagnosed as having acute erythremia. Partial remission was achieved by BHAC-EV therapy. But three months later, his marrow was replaced by 52.7% blasts as seen in admission. Those blasts were negative for lymphoid, myelocytic, megakaryocytic markers and antiglycophorin A, but positive for OKT 9. Electron microscopy revealed that some of blasts had characteristics of immature erythroblasts. In spite of low dose Ara-C therapy, he died of sudden gastrointestinal bleeding in December, 1990. The autopsy disclosed widespread infiltration of blasts, involving liver, spleen, lung, kidney and stomach. It was interesting that dysplasia had been confined to erythroid lineage throughout his clinical course. He seemed to be a rare case of blastic form of acute erythremia which should be distinguished from erythroleukemia.
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PMID:[Blastic form of acute erythremia: report of an autopsy case]. 175 58

The internal space of the antheridium in Chara vulgaris L. is filled with the PAS-positive mucilage which is of pectic nature. Morphometric and cytophotometric measurements on the semithin sections indicate that the concentration and amount of PAS-positive polysaccharides: 1) increase during the time of antheridial growth accompanying the phase of antheridial filament divisions, 2) these parameters have the maximum after spermatid formation and at the beginning of their differentiation, i.e. spermiogenesis, 3) both concentration and amount of this substance decrease at the end of spermiogenesis. A decrease in mucilage concentration is also observed in the young antheridia after 3 days of continuous darkness. The results suggest that PAS-positive mucilagenous material is a nutritive substance, accumulated in the first phase of antheridial development and utilized mainly in spermiogenesis. These substances may also be used up in the young antheridia during the lack of energy supply. The autoradiographic studies with the use of a 3H-glucose and 3H-galactose mixture seem to confirm these suggestions.
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PMID:Cytochemical studies on the antheridial mucilage and changes in its concentration and amount during the spermatogenesis in Chara vulgaris L. 179 40

A 56-year-old male was admitted to the Nihon University Hospital because of general fatigue and anemia on September 21st, 1985. He had mild hepato-splenomegaly. Hematological findings showed RBC 286 x 10(4)/microliters, Hb 6.0/dl, reticulocyte count 2.5%, platelet count 9.3 x 10(4)/microliters and WBC 2,400/microliters. An erythroblast per 100 leukocytes counted in a blood film was found. Bone marrow was erythroid hyperplasia with megaloblasts. The erythroblasts were PAS positive but not ringed sideroblasts. Other laboratory data including hemolysis were all negative. This case seemed to be diagnosed as refractory anemia (RA) according to the FAB classification. Chromosomal analysis of marrow cells, however, all revealed 46, XY, 20q- at diagnosis and 46, XY, 7q- 20q- after 22 months. Furthermore, Hb electrophoresis ahd family study indicated the presence of acquired HbH disease. Neither erythroid bursts (BFU-e) nor late erythroid progenitors (CFU-e) were detected. He has had progressive anemia without proliferation of blasts for over 2 years. From these findings, we postulate that the entity of erythremia should be distinguished from RA including many heterogeneous diseases.
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PMID:[An erythremia with acquired HbH disease and chromosomal abnormality]. 221 93

The aim of this thesis was to characterize structural factors in masticatory systems relevant to functional evaluations and to elucidate the effect on energy metabolism of electrically induced jaw muscle fatigue. An omnivorous masticatory system (the domestic pig) was compared morphologically with a carnivorous (the dog). Porcine masseter muscles were evaluated by ATP-ase histochemistry as well as with NADH-dehydrogenase and PAS-staining. Contractional characteristics were obtained from the porcine and canine masseters by electrical stimulation. The 133Xenon clearance technique and a flexible oxygen electrode were employed. A bite-force transducer was used. The porcine craniomandibular joint (CMJ) lacked a pronounced mandibular fossa and had anteriorly orientated cylindrical condyles. The dog CMJ comprised a cylindrical condyle orientated at right angles to the satittal plane and medially inclined. The pronounced mandibular fossa and marked tubercle, together with a well-developed retro-articular process, surrounded the condyle. The masticatory muscles were the same in the two species, except for the pig's zygomatico-mandibular muscle. The ATP-ase technique failed to reveal type II:B-fibres in the porcine masseter after acid and alkaline preincubation and it was not possible to separate fibre types by glycogen-staining and NADH-dehydrogenase histochemistry. These findings diverged from the pig soleus histochemical profile (type II:B-fibres 60%). The quantitative evaluation revealed 75% type II:A-fibres in the porcine masseter. No statistically significant difference was found between the various fibre-type diameters in the porcine masseter. The mean fibre Type diameter was larger in the porcine masseter than in the soleus muscle. Type II-fibres were more frequently found on the edge of the fascicles. The bite force recordings showed that the porcine masseter was capable of long endurance performance, in contrast to the easily fatigued canine masseter. Significant reductions of intramuscular substrates and a considerable lactate accumulation were observed. The NADH/NAD-shuttle was oppositely directed in the two species. The blood-flow recordings revealed a marked blood-flow impairment during contraction, followed by a prominent post-exercise hyperaemia. The pO2 recordings were closely related in time as well as in mangnitude to the blood flow. It is thus concluded, based on morphological observations, that the porcine masticatory system bears resemblance to the human situation. In the canine masseter muscle, a relationship was found between metabolism and mechanical bite-force output. This correlation was not so evident in the porcine masseter. Induced jaw muscle hyperactivity may lead to a reduced energy and redox state and, as a late consequence, to fatigue.
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PMID:Masseter muscle performance. Significance of structure and metabolism. A morphological and experimental study. 232 43

The rabbit masseter is composed of mainly fast fatiguable type IIB fibers which give a positive mATPase reaction at pH 9.3. To study the effect of fatigue on the distribution of some crucial elements, the masseter was stimulated electrically for 45 minutes. The contralateral muscle served as a control. Control and experimental tissues were rapidly excised, and frozen in isopentane cooled to -150 degrees C in liquid nitrogen. Sections were cut in a cryostat and prepared by freeze-drying. Water content of fatigued muscle was significantly higher than controls: 79.3% versus 77.3%. The fatigued state was verified by glycogen depletion viewed in PAS-stained sections. Ice crystal artifacts were more prominent in stimulated muscle, suggesting cytoplasmic edema and/or a change in water state. Element analysis of myofibers, using an scanning electron microscope equipped with a computer assisted energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer was performed at 15 kV for 100 seconds. Counts were recorded for Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K and Ca (Mg and Ca counts were too low to evaluate). Counts were converted to concentrations using a gelatin element standard. The most striking finding in fatigued muscle was a decrease in K concentration (33%) and an increase in Na (100%) and Cl (75%). P and S values were slightly lower. An interpretation of these findings is made in relation to a) changes in water structure and b) conformational changes in myofibril macromolecules.
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PMID:The effect of fatigue on essential element distribution in the rabbit masseter. 336 64

A case of pancreatic carcinoma in a 14-year-old Japanese boy is reported. He complained of general fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension, and abdominal mass. At autopsy, a whitish tumor was found from the head to the body of the pancreas. Metastasis was found in the liver, lungs, gall bladder, and various lymph nodes such as stomach, hilus, and periaorta. The tumor was histologically determined to be moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (cribriform type) of duct cell origin. However, the tumors showed PAS-positive diastase-resistant mucus in the cytoplasm. Histocytology showed the positivity for alpha 1-antitrypsin, secretory component (sc), and CEA, but no S-amylase was detected in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy revealed zymogen-like granules in the cytoplasm suggesting acinar differentiation.
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PMID:Pancreatic carcinoma in childhood. 370 61

Paromomycin sulfate (aminosidine) at a single dose of 32 to 53 mg/kg was orally given to 24 cases with proven diphyllobothriasis. Evaluation of efficacy of the drug was based on stool examination for the eggs after 3--4 weeks of treatment. The cure rate was obtained as 96% (23/24), and 30 worms were expelled from 24 patients. Only 1 unsuccessfully treated case of 34-year-old man was retreated at the same dose of the drug 3 weeks later to obtain the cure. Thirty worms were composed of a single worm each from 21 patients, 2 worms from a patient, 3 from 1, and 4 from 1. Scolices of 7 (23.3%) out 30 worms were found. Vomiting as side effect of the drug was observed in only a case of 4-year-old girl at 40 minutes after administration of the drug but it was mild and transient. Clinical symptoms or complaints before treatment were as follows; abdominal discomfort in 12 cases, abdominal pain in 7, diarrhea in 4, fatigue in 2, tinnitus, vomiting and frequent stool in 1 each. Seven cases were almost asymptomatic. Morphological changes of the worms immersed in paromomycin solution (aminosidine) (1.66 mg/ml) for 1, 2 and 3 hours were observed in comparison with worms kept in physiological saline solution. The destructive effects were fragmentation, dissolution and desquamation of the outer cuticle and basement membrane with PAS stain at 3 hours of the experiment. The damages were also demonstrated in subcuticular tissues composing of muscle layer and parenchymal cells.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of paromomycin sulfate in the treatment of Diphyllobothrium latum infections and an observation on the worm tissues affected by the drug]. 687 71

An autopsy case of erythremia with sideroblastic tumor cell proliferation is described. A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to general fatigue and anorexia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed abnormalities in erythropoiesis (megaloblasts, 4%; sideroblasts, 84%; ring-formed, 39%, and PAS-positive, 5%). Therapy was directed to pulmonary tuberculosis. Anemia was not improved despite repeated whole blood and platelet transfusions. Serum iron and percentage saturation of the total iron-binding capacity rose during the course. Administration of vitamin B12, B6 or folic acid was inefffective. INAH was replaced by its derivative, IHMS, during the course, but the population of sideroblasts especially of ring-sideroblasts was invariably large (78%-100% and 39%-65% for total sideroblasts and ring-sideroblasts, respectively). He died with increasing abdominal pain and jaundice after three months' hospitalization. Main autopsy findings were: diffuse proliferation of atypical erythroblasts in the bone marrow, systemic lymph nodes, liver, spleen and kidneys. Most of the cells positively stained with iron. Tuberculosis of lungs with cavity formation. Discussion is focussed on the relationship between erythremia and sideroblastic anemia.
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PMID:Erythremia with special reference to sideroblastic anemia. 693 66

Thirty patients with stable angina have been undergone a multistage treadmill test, after a single oral dose of 100 mg of Atenolol, a beta 1 . selective blocking agent, in comparison to a previous test carried out after an identical looking placebo tablet. After placebo all the patients showed ischemic ST segment response (ST depression greater than 1 mm), 25 of them interrupting the test because of anginal pain (20 patients), or of ST depression greater than 3 mm (3 patients), or of ventricular ectopics (one patient), or of fatigue (one patient). After Atenolol 10 patients completed the planned test, 7 of them without ischemic changes of ST. 27 patients (90%) showed increased working capacity with significant reduction of heart-rate (FC), systolic blood pressure (PAS) and their product and of ST depression, either before and during and at the end of exercise. The recovery time of ischemic ECG change has been significantly reduced. The observed increased working capacity is attributed to the reduced myocardial O2 consumption expressed from the reduction of the product FC x PAS. Nevertheless at the end of exercise test after beta-blocking drug this product didn't reach the threshold value at which the test was interrupted in the first test after placebo. The authors discuss the possible cause of this effect of beta-blocking drugs, which could be attributed to a reduction of coronary blood flow and/or to an increased myocardial tension because of increased end diastolic ventricular volume. However the Authors outline that the per cent increases of FC, PAS, and FC x PAS have not been reduced by the Atenolol, unlike their absolute values, at the threshold of angina: the ischemic reveals itself at same levels of per cent increase of the factors of O2 myocardial consumption, the later reaching of threshold values depending on the lower starting values. The advantages of Atenolol as regards the other beta-blocking drugs (better acceptability, stability and duration of action) are outlined too.
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PMID:[Evaluation by exercise test of effects of a single oral dose of atenolol in patients with stable angina (author's transl)]. 704 18

Mb. Whipple is a rare systemic disorder with multiple manifestations. We present a case-story demonstrating the typical course: migrating, non-deforming arthralgies are years later followed by diarrhoea, loss of weight, fatigue and pronounced biochemical disturbances. Intestinal biopsy shows numerous PAS-positive, diastaseresistent macrophages, and antibiotic treatment is initiated. After a somewhat prolonged course, complicated with Giardiasis and endocarditis, the patient recovers. Four months after the cessation of antibiotic treatment, however, the patient shows clinical signs of relapse, and treatment is restarted. The etiological agent has recently been identified as a gram-positive actinomycete called Tropheryma Whippleii. There are some, but not unequivocal, signs of a cellular immunodeficiency, perhaps predestinating certain patients to the disease. The course is usually favourable, when treated with relevant antibiotics. Relapse is not uncommon, and is very problematic when the CNS is involved. Therefore, a combination treatment with good penetration of the blood-brain barrier is recommended--e.g. two weeks treatment with parenterally administered streptomycin and benzylpenicillin followed by sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim orally for one year.
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PMID:[Whipple disease. A rare systemic disorder with multiple manifestations]. 750 46


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