Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A multiple crossover research study was used to evaluate the effect of dialyzer re-use on fever, blood leaks, serum urea and creatinine values and symptoms. Each of 6 crossover periods consisted of 4 weeks on either single-use or re-use, 1 week washout, 4 weeks on the alternative treatment and 1 week washout. The re-use consisted of 6 uses of each dialyzer and the washout weeks consisted of 3 single-use sessions. Analysis of paired observations within rather than between patients showed no effects of time (i.e. among crossover periods 1 through 6) or number of re-uses (i.e. among uses 1 through 6). There was no significant difference for temperature change during dialysis, blood leak rate, or the serum urea and creatinine values before the first dialysis of each washout period. There were no differences for symptoms of pruritus, cramps, nausea, headache, chest pain, backache or fatigue. There were no clinical advantages or disadvantages associated with dialyzer re-use.
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PMID:Dialyzer re-use--a multiple crossover study with random allocation to order of treatment. 307 Apr 14

The combination of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks and mitoguazone 500 mg/m2 every week with dose escalation was administered as a 9-week induction regimen to 27 patients with previously untreated Stage III or IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. This was followed by full-course radiation therapy for unresectable patients or surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for those with resectable disease. Sixteen patients had bulky unresectable disease, and ten were candidates for curative resection at study entry. Of 26 patients evaluable for response to chemotherapy, there were seven complete responses (CR) (five of six pathologically confirmed) and ten partial responses (PR) (65% CR + PR). Toxicity was generally mild with Grade 3 or 4 nausea and vomiting occurring in 15% and diarrhea in 12%. Nineteen percent of the patients developed transient nephrotoxicity (serum creatinine greater than 2), 62% anemia (hemoglobin decrease greater than 2 g/dl), 23% leukopenia (leukocyte count less than 3500 cells/microliters) and 8% thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 50,000 cells/microliters). Anorexia, fatigue, and weight loss occurred in nearly all patients. The median survival time of all patients was 17.5 months; complete responders, 43 months; partial responders, 16 months; and nonresponders, 9 months (P = 0.0025). In a multivariate analysis of stage, primary site, resectability status, response to chemotherapy, and local treatment (surgery plus radiation versus radiation), complete response was the only statistically significant covariate for survival. In Phase II single agent trials, mitoguazone has been shown to have a 15% response rate in head and neck cancer and cisplatin, a 30% to 40% response rate (less than 10% CR). Thus, our results, both complete and overall response rates, were higher than would be expected from either drug alone. A possible mechanism for this high response rate may be mitoguazone-induced cell synchronization. In vitro studies demonstrate the accumulation of tumor cells exposed to mitoguazone in S- and G2-phases of the cell cycle. These results would support further evaluation of mitoguazone in combination to explore the theoretical potentiation of antitumor effects by sequencing with cycle-specific agents.
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PMID:Cisplatin and mitoguazone. An induction chemotherapy regimen in advanced head and neck cancer. 317 46

The authors have presented a review of literature and their own data on acute tubulointerstitial nephritis combined with uveitis in a patient aged 47. In foreign literature this combination is defined as a separate syndrome (TIN-uveitis or TINU). The development of nonspecific symptoms (fatigue, weakness, nausea, loss of body mass, pains in the joints, skin rash) was characterized by change in some laboratory indices (raised ESP, anemia, eosinophilia, hyperproteinemia, hypergammaglobulinemia) and nephropathy. The signs of nephropathy were polyuria, a decrease in relative urine density, proteinuria of tubular genesis, renal glucosuria and aminoaciduria. A decrease in glomerular filtration and an increase in the level of blood serum creatinine were noted in most of the cases. In spite of the development of renal failure TINU prognosis is favorable: renal function gets back to normal by itself or after corticosteroid therapy. Uveitis shows a tendency to recurrence. The immune genesis of the TINU syndrome is assumed.
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PMID:[Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis combined with uveitis (clinical case and review of the literature)]. 353 15

Twenty-nine patients with recurrent or advanced, incurable head and neck cancer were entered into a phase I-II trial of carboplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 1,000 mg/m2/d continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for five days every 28 days. The initial dose of carboplatin was 300 mg/m2 for patients with Karnofsky performance scores greater than or equal to 70%, and 240 mg/m2 for patients with scores of 50% to 60%. Subsequent doses were modified to achieve grade 2 myelo-suppression: WBC, 2,000 to 2,999 cells/microL; granulocytes, 1,000 to 1,499 cells/microL; and platelets, 50,000 to 75,000 cells/microL. Dose levels were 180, 240, 300, 360, and 420 mg/m2. Twenty-eight patients had squamous-cell cancers and one had an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid. There were 26 patients with recurrent disease; 22 had received prior RT; only two had received other chemotherapy immediately before study entry. Three patients had newly diagnosed incurable stage IV disease. The median performance status was 80% (range, 60% to 90%). All patients had objectively measurable disease, and 28 were evaluable for response. There were three complete responses (CRs) and ten partial responses (PRs) (48% CR and PR); the median duration of response was 4.7 months (range, 1.5 to 15+ months). Dose-limiting toxicities were granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and stomatitis. Prolonged myelosuppression delayed retreatment in eight patients and delayed 19 of 107 (18%) courses. Stomatitis occurred in 61% and diarrhea in 29%. 5-FU dosage was decreased in ten patients (36%) for grade 2 or greater stomatitis or diarrhea. Mild to moderate nausea and vomiting occurred in 66% of patient trials in which no pretreatment antiemetics were administered. Other toxicities included phlebitis from 5-FU in 71%, skin toxicity in 11%, mild alopecia in 25%, and fatigue in 54% of patients. Nephrotoxicity (creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dL) occurred in one patient. The dose of carboplatin resulting in grade 2 toxicity was 180 mg/m2 in one patient, 240 mg/m2 in one, 300 mg/m2 in seven, 360 mg/m2 in ten, and 420 mg/m2 in one. Based on these results, we recommend a starting dose of carboplatin, 300 mg/m2, in combination with five days of continuous infusion 5-FU. In this dose and schedule, this combination was well tolerated and demonstrated antitumor activity in head and neck cancer. To confirm these promising results, a Southwest Oncology Group prospective randomized trial is in progress comparing carboplatin and 5-FU, cisplatin and 5-FU, and standard-dose weekly methotrexate in recurrent-disease patients.
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PMID:A phase I-II trial of carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil combination chemotherapy in advanced carcinoma of the head and neck. 354 42

One hundred and sixty rotogravure printing workers exposed mainly to toluene are compared (clinical examination, liver and kidney tests) to 38 unexposed workers. The exposure to toluene is assessed by personal air sampling at the workplace (mean: 54 ppm) and by analysis of hippuric acid in urine (mean: 1.86 g/g creatinine). Fatigue, alcohol intolerance, mouth dryness appear more frequently among the exposed subjects. Differences observed in liver tests are difficult to relate to toluene exposure. The additional eight-year health surveillance of 18 workers shows no significant changes in liver and kidney functions.
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PMID:[Preventive examinations in the rotogravure printing industry]. 371 16

A 74-year-old woman was hospitalized because of decreased appetite, fatigue, and weight loss. The laboratory examination revealed hypercalcemia, a slightly increased serum creatinine level, and a markedly elevated serum level of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The most important finding the physical examination revealed was enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. A biopsy disclosed lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin's disease. After steroids, but not after calcitonin, both the elevated calcitriol concentration and serum calcium normalized. In spite of intensive chemotherapy, a further episode with hypercalcemia occurred and increased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 serum levels were observed. According to the available evidence it seems probable that the humoral hypercalcemia in this patient resulted from production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the tumor.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia and elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma. 375 25

Torasemide 40 mg/day p.o. was administered for 21 days to 8 healthy volunteers to investigate its pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and safety on chronic administration. It induced a highly significant initial increase in 24-h urinary volume and 24-h excretion of sodium and chloride, but its affect diminished after the first days. On Days 0, 1, 10 and 21 the experiment was divided in 3 clearance phases, extending from 0 to 2 h, 2 to 6 h and 6 to 24 h after dosing. The fractional excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphates peaked during the first 2 h and returned almost to the control value during the following two clearance phases. The phase-dependent changes were significant for all electrolytes, except for potassium and inorganic phosphate. Plasma electrolyte levels remained constant throughout the study, except for a small decrease in chloride and potassium and for an increase in calcium and magnesium. Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance test were unaffected. A small but significant decrease in LDL-cholesterol was observed on Day 10. Other plasma lipid components showed minor changes. Plasma uric acid levels were moderately increased. There was no significant change of the creatinine clearance. Body weight fell significantly (by about 2 kg) during the study. Tonal audiometry was normal before and after the study. There was no significant difference between the plasma levels of torasemide on Days 1, 10 and 21, nor between its elimination half-life on Days 1 and 21. Side-effects consisted mainly of fatigue and low-back pain on days of intense diuresis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Diuretic activity, safety and pharmacokinetics of torasemide during chronic treatment in normal subjects. 378 Aug 35

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, a double-stranded ribonucleic acid that is a potent inducer of interferon production, was used in a stabilized form to treat 11 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Seven patients completed a full course of 8 infusions at maximum tolerated dosage. All patients experienced transient fever and marked fatigue. Anorexia was mild. Transient leukopenia occurred in 3 patients and reversible elevation in creatinine was observed in 1. All 4 patients with brain metastases became lethargic, and 3 died during or shortly after therapy. Only 2 patients demonstrated measurable total regression of isolated metastases (pleural/pulmonary in 1 and bone in 1) but in both metastases at other sites progressed. No partial regressions were seen. Metastases at all other sites (liver, brain and renal fossa) progressed during therapy. Patients who appeared to respond and who performed best during therapy generally demonstrated a higher performance status initially. Expression of natural cytotoxicity in in vitro testing did not correlate with a demonstrated response to treatment.
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PMID:Immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. 380 4

Three hundred and eleven patients with presumed hyperparathyroidism were operated upon between the years 1961 and 1983 at the two surgical clinics in Northern Sweden equipped with pathologic facilities. Eighty per cent were women. All of the patients were hypercalcemic. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were elevated in 66 per cent of the patients. The correlation between serum calcium and PTH levels was only 0.38. Serum creatinine levels were normal in 92 per cent of the patients while renal concentrating ability was depressed in 79 per cent. The main patient symptoms were fatigue, mental disturbances and renal stones. Eighteen per cent were asymptomatic at the time of the operation. Most patients were diagnosed during in-hospital investigations. Many were also found to be hypercalcemic at regular outpatient controls. At operation, adenomas were found in 80 per cent, different kinds of hyperplasia in 15 per cent, normal histologic finding in 4 per cent, while cancer was found in less than 1 per cent of the patients. At follow-up study, 79 per cent were normocalcemic while 3 per cent were hypocalcemic and 11 per cent were still hypercalcemic--7.5 per cent were lost to follow-up study. Nine patients had a permanent paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism in Northern Sweden. 381 Apr 25

A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out among subjects exposed to mercury (Hg) vapour, ie, a group of 131 male workers (mean age: 30.9 yr; average duration of exposure, 4.8 yr) and a group of 54 female workers (mean age, 29.9 yr; average duration of exposure 7 yr). The results were compared with those obtained in well-matched control groups comprising 114 and 48 male and female workers, respectively. The intensity of current Hg vapour exposure was rather moderate as reflected by the levels of mercury in urine (HgU) (mean and 95th percentile: males 52 and 147 micrograms/g creatinine; females 37 and 63 micrograms/g creatinine) and of mercury in blood (mean and 95th percentile: males 1.4 and 3.7 micrograms/dl; females 0.9 and 1.4 microgram/dl). Several symptoms mainly related to the central nervous system (memory disturbances, depressive feelings, fatigue, irritability) were more prevalent in the Hg-exposed subjects. They were, however, not related to exposure parameters. In both male and female Hg-exposed workers no significant disturbances were found in short-term memory (audioverbal), simple reaction time (visual), critical flicker fusion, and colour discrimination ability. Only slight renal tubular effects were detected in Hg-exposed males and females, ie, an increased urinary beta-galactosidase activity and an increased urinary excretion of retinol-binding protein. The prevalence of these preclinical renal effects was more related to the current exposure intensity (HgU) than to the duration of exposure and was detected mainly when HgU exceeds 50 micrograms/g creatinine. Changes in hand tremor spectrum recorded with an accelerometer were found in the Hg-exposed males only. The prevalence of abnormal values for some hand tremor parameters (total velocity and total displacement in the 2-50-Hz band) was mainly increased in male workers exposed for more than 10 yr. Unlike the renal tubular effects, the preclinical signs of tremor were more related to the integrated exposure than to the current exposure. Since the female workers, who have been exposed to Hg vapour levels usually insufficient to increase their HgU levels above 50 micrograms/g creatinine, did not exhibit any change in hand tremor pattern, the results of the present study tend to validate our previously proposed biological threshold limit value of a HgU of 50 micrograms/g creatinine for workers chronically exposed to mercury vapour.
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PMID:Surveillance of workers exposed to mercury vapour:validation of a previously proposed biological threshold limit value for mercury concentration in urine. 387 86


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