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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muscular strength, endurance, and rate of fatigue were studied in populations of various ages actively engaged in strength and endurance training, as compared with those not engaged in such activities. The strength and fatigability of the elbow flexor muscles were studied for 62 subjects at the ages of 20 (n = 11 active, 10 inactive), 35 (n = 11 active, 10 inactive), and 50 (n = 10 active, 10 inactive) years, tested within 2 years of the appropriate age. They performed a 6-min bout of maximal rhythmic contractions of the dominant arm at a rate of 30 contractions per min. Force applied to the transducer was converted into electrical activity and transmitted to a recorder, where differences in mean values for initial strength, final strength, absolute endurance, and relative endurance were examined for significance. Rates of fatigue and the fatigue curves were also obtained for each group. Results revealed significantly less muscular strength, absolute endurance, and relative endurance as the age of the subjects increased, but no significant difference for age was found in final strength at the conclusion of the exercise bout. Significant differences were found between active and inactive subjects in initial strength, final strength, and absolute endurance in favor of the active subjects. No significant interaction between activity level and age was found for any of the dependent variables. The rates of fatigue were similar for all ages except for the inactive 20-year-old subjects, whose rate of fatigue was markedly slower than that found for all other groups of subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Res Q Exerc Sport 1992 Sep
PMID:Muscular strength and endurance as a function of age and activity level. 151 61

Treatment of 17 children aged 2-9.5 years with a combination of pivmecillinam and pivampicillin (250-500 mumol 24 h-1) for more than 1 year resulted in a reduction of the free carnitine concentration in serum and muscle to less than 10% of the mean reference value. The decline in serum was slow, with an estimated half-life of about 5 months. Spontaneous replenishment occurred at about the same slow rate. Thus, there is no increase in endogenous carnitine synthesis as a response to increased demand of carnitine for detoxification. Supplementation with carnitine during treatment required at least a four-fold molar excess over pivalic acid to achieve and sustain a normal carnitine concentration. The replenishment of carnitine occurred with a half-life of 1.1-3.0 months. From determination of muscle-carnitine concentration in patients treated with pivaloyl-containing antibiotics and in patients with organic aciduris, we conclude that serum carnitine is a good predictor of carnitine stores in the body. Six non-supplemented patients with a serum free-carnitine concentration of 0.7-2.6 mumol l-1 had an inadequate ketone-body increase during a 24-h fast. Vomiting, nausea and tiredness occurred in three cases following the fasting period. After normalization of the serum-carnitine concentration, a normal response to fasting was observed. Thus, in some organic acidurias, for example medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, a low liver concentration of carnitine may be an important contributing factor to hypoglycaemic and Reye-like attacks. We believe that prodrugs which contain pivalic acid should be avoided if acceptable alternatives exist. If used, supplementation with at least four-fold molar excess of carnitine is advisable.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1992 Sep
PMID:Effects of pivalic acid-containing prodrugs on carnitine homeostasis and on response to fasting in children. 151 15

The diagnosis of PMS depends on the identification of a core symptom complex, including behavioral symptoms of either irritability, accompanied by an internal state of anxiety or depression, and fatigue. (Fatigue is the most common symptom of PMS.) At least one core physical symptoms, bloating of the abdomen or extremities, breast tenderness, and headache also is required to establish the diagnosis. Although these core symptoms are required, none is pathognomonic for the disorder and the timing of the symptoms with respect to the menstrual cycle also must be established. This can only be done accurately using valid and reliable prospective recording instruments, such as COPE. Personality factors, the degree of psychosocial stress faced by the woman, and biochemical markers have little utility in establishing the diagnosis. The literature with respect to the prevalence of PMS in the population, effective treatments for the disorder, and the diagnosis of the disease must be interpreted by recognizing the inclusion in these studies of women with comorbid psychiatric disease, invalid and unreliable symptom inventories, and inadequate characterization of menstrual cycle phases. There are sociologic reasons why the true prevalence and treatment response to interventions may not be seen by the clinician. Nonetheless, the availability of effective treatment for the disorder necessitates accurate diagnosis of the syndrome based on the strict criteria presented. Additional research founded on the development of psychoneuroendocrine models is likely to provide insight into both the pathophysiology and treatment alternatives for PMS.
Clin Obstet Gynecol 1992 Sep
PMID:Issues in the diagnosis and research of premenstrual syndrome. 152 87

In summary, the evaluation of the tired patient requires an awareness of the various meanings of tiredness. Furthermore, it is important to differentiate normal sleepiness that is a product of circadian rhythm variation in vigilance from pathologic sleepiness. Sleepiness that results from faulty habits, e.g., altered sleep scheduling, drugs, or sleep restriction, can be readily discerned with the aid of a sleep-wake diary. Because subjective sleepiness is often unappreciated, especially in patients with sleep apnea, methods that rely on self-ratings of the severity of sleepiness, e.g., visual analogue scale, 10-cm line, or SSS may not coincide with performance tasks, observer assessments, or such physiologic methods as the MSLT. Less commonly employed neurophysiologic methods include pupillometry and averaged evoked potentials. On the other hand, the MSLT is commonly used for the detection of physiologic sleepiness. Moreover, it is helpful in evaluating response to treatment. A variation of the MSLT, the MWT, which instructs the individual to remain awake, does not discriminate between sleep onset times for wakefulness and the MSLT for sleepiness in normal subjects. The MWT may be useful for the assessment of treatment responses for excessive daytime sleepiness, e.g., narcolepsy, and for determining the frequency of daytime sleep episodes. The differences that have been observed between behavioral measures and physiologic measures of sleepiness suggest that these techniques assess different aspects of sleepiness. HLA typing (DR2, DQw1) has been shown to be a useful method for corroborating narcolepsy-cataplexy, but the antigens are neither specific for the disorder nor for sleepiness alone.
Clin Chest Med 1992 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of daytime sleepiness. 152 10

We report here the long-term sequelae in 22 patients with L-tryptophan-induced eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). The mean follow-up was 23 months (range, 5 to 40 months). Myalgia, rash, pruritus, edema, and respiratory symptoms often improved with the use of corticosteroids, but fatigue and weakness persisted in most cases. Other abnormalities that commonly persisted were arthralgia, muscle-cramping, peripheral neuropathy, and thickened skin. One patient had chronic pulmonary hypertension. These findings indicate that for most patients, EMS is a chronic disorder.
South Med J 1992 Sep
PMID:Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: the aftermath. 152 46

Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world. There is a strong belief that caffeine is an ergogenic aid to sports performance. Although much evidence suggests that caffeine may improve endurance exercise performance, questions still remain with regard to its effects on neuromuscular function and brief, high-intensity exercise performance. At the cellular level, caffeine stimulates the central nervous system (CNS), enhances neuromuscular transmission and improves skeletal muscle contractility. The former two effects seem to have facilitative effects on activities which require quick reactions and rapid movements. This is evident in that simple and choice reaction and movement times are reduced following ingestion of small quantities of caffeine. It appears, however, that the caffeine-induced increases in muscle contractility seen in vitro do not translate into improved strength, in vivo. Acute caffeine ingestion does not seem to increase maximal voluntary contractions or maximal power output nor delay fatigue. Thus use of caffeine to improve performance in activities requiring strength and short-term endurance seems unwarrented. Further research is needed before clear conclusions can be draw regarding caffeine's effects on neuromuscular function and high-intensity exercise performance.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1991 Sep
PMID:Caffeine, neuromuscular function and high-intensity exercise performance. 166 90

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new beta-Blocker Visual Analog Scale designed to identify and quantify the impact that the side effects of beta-blocker therapy have on people's lives, and the self-management practices people use to mediate their influence. Instruments included the 20-item beta-Blocker Visual Analog Scale and the Profile of Mood States. Subjects had hypertension; 51 men were involved in a larger study involving antihypertensive medications and exercise, and 19 men and women were receiving beta-blocker therapy as first-line drug of choice. Estimates of internal consistency reliability, content validity, and concurrent and discriminant validity were moderately strong. The most problematic side effects were related to lack of sleep, vivid or active dreams, lack of energy and pep, diminished interest in sexual activity, and changes in vision. Among self-management practices used to mediate side effects were planning rest and activity periods, thinking carefully before reacting, and seeking out others for support.
Heart Lung 1991 Sep
PMID:Beta-blocker therapy: identification and management of side effects. 168 Jan 14

To assess the efficiency/risk ratio, fixed doses of zotepine and haloperidol were compared by means of a double-blind study in acute schizophrenics over a 4-week period. The assessment tools were BPRS, CGI, and the Simpson-Angus scale for the extrapyramidal disturbances, and a free report on side effects. No differences between the groups were found in respect of efficacy. According to the Simpson-Angus scale, the patients who had been treated with zotepine achieved better values, this being a general trend. There were significant differences according to the free report on side effects. Especially at onset of treatment, the patients treated with zotepine complained of tiredness. Partly marked extrapyramidal disturbances were seen in the patients who had been treated with haloperidol.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1991 Sep
PMID:[Double-blind comparison of 3 x 75 mg zotepine und 3 x 4 mg haloperidol in acute schizophrenic patients]. 168 33

A seventy-five-year-old female with general fatigue, high fever and anemia was admitted. Her chest X-ray film revealed pneumonia. She was diagnosed as RAEB-t with the normal karyotype by peripheral blood film and bone marrow aspiration; 125 micrograms/ml of G-CSF was administered s.c. daily in order to increase neutrophil count because of the prolongation of pneumonia. Her blast cells in both peripheral blood and bone marrow showed a remarkable increase by G-CSF. After the cessation of G-CSF administration, blast cells decreased rapidly, and neutrophil count in the peripheral blood increased. Her pneumonia was then cured. After 5 months of stable hematological state, 60% of her bone marrow cells became occupied by blast cells again. So 2 consecutive courses of 14 days p.o. administration of 1,200 mg MST-16/day were tried. Three months after the first MST-16 trial, her bone marrow showed complete remission (CR) which lasted about 4 months. But she died of sepsis after the first relapse. Her bone marrow in CR still revealed several features of dyspoiesis.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1991 Sep
PMID:[A case of RAEB-t treated by G-CSF showing complete remission after MST-16 treatment for subsequent reversible leukemia]. 171 93

Fracture of the epidural lead (Pisces Quad 3487) is documented in four out of eight patients with an implanted Itrel pacing system for treatment of peripheral vascular disease. In two patients, lead fracture was established during x-ray fluoroscopy. In the remaining two patients, x-ray examination did not reveal any fracture, due to proximity of the fragments. Microscopic examination of the extracted lead, however, confirmed lead fracture, as well as the presence of tissue fluid and thrombus between the two ends of the spiral shaped lead, but no insulation defect was observed. A cross-sectional area on the fracture line of the broken lead was examined using scanning electron microscopy. It was found, by tracing the radial marks to their point of convergence, that the initial microcrack started from a large inclusion of the calcium-silicon type at the lead surface. The initial microcrack was propagated by the fatigue mechanism. The presence of a large inclusion at the surface suggests that the main cause of the failure of the investigated epidural leads could be improper fabrication of the material. The high incidence of epidural lead fracture in our group suggests that this complication should be considered as a possible cause of epidural spinal electrical stimulation pacing system dysfunction.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1991 Sep
PMID:Epidural lead fracture caused by material processing fault. 172 May 36


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