Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-four patients with previously untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with a combination of polychemotherapy and recombinant interferon. Chemotherapy consisted of cyclophosphamide, 400 mg/m2, epidoxorubicin, 50 mg/m2, and cisplatin, 40 mg/m2 (CAP) i.v. on day 4; recombinant alpha 2b interferon (r alpha 2b IFN) was given i.m. daily at the dose of 3-5 MU from days 1 to 7. The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. In the 32 eligible patients the overall response rate was 19.3% (95% C.L. 7.4-37.4%). Non-hematologic toxicity consisted formerly in flulike symptoms and fatigue complained of by 37.5% and 31.2% of patients, respectively, and vomiting reported in 68.7% of patients; grade III-IV myelotoxicity was observed in 12.5% of cases. In no case was the toxicity life threatening. The median overall actuarial survival and progression-free survival were 37 and 20 weeks, respectively. This study indicates that the combination of CAP chemotherapy and r alpha IFN is feasible and active in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy and interferon alpha 2b in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The Italian Lung Cancer Task Force (FONICAP). 185 86

This is a phase I-II study of lymphoblastoid interferon (IFN-alpha-N1) combined with primary chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery in patients with suboptimal stage III and stage IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Fourteen patients were treated initially with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP regimen) for two cycles, and IFN (alpha-N1) was added to this combination on day 2 of the third cycle. Patients then were divided into four groups, each group receiving differing doses of IFN ranging from 3 to 10 MU/m2 on each of days 2-5. A total of eight courses of chemotherapy was administered, six of which included interferon. Severe fatigue and malaise were the greatest dose-limiting toxicities associated with the interferon. However, severe bone marrow suppression also limited the administration of interferon. The results of this study suggest that the addition of interferon to the multiagent chemotherapy regimen of CAP is both unacceptable to patients and excessively toxic to the bone marrow. Because of the small patient sample and poor tolerance of the treatment, an accurate evaluation of therapeutic response could not be performed.
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PMID:Human lymphoblastoid interferon (IFN-alpha-N1) plus doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian malignancies. A phase I-II study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. 198 44

In order to further extend the duration of remission induced by high-dose CAF therapy, maintenance therapies based on long-term oral administration of cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil (CF) were applied for patients with advanced and recurrent breast cancer. The duration of remission was compared by the envelope method among the basic therapy (Arm I), Arm I plus intermittent administration of adriamycin (Arm II) and Arm I plus tamoxifen from the start of high-dose CAF therapy (Arm III). The response rate of 163 evaluable patients in 30 institutes was 42.1% (27/57) and 44.4% (25/54) for Arm I and Arm II (CAF therapy). The rate for Arm III (CAF therapy) was 61.5% (32/52), a little higher than that for the other two. As side effects due to the induction therapy, alopecia, fatigue, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and leukopenia were observed in a relatively high proportion of patients. Mean values of CR duration, PR duration and the whole duration of remission in responding patients were 14.0 approximately 21.5 weeks, 24.0 approximately 32.2 weeks and 28.0 approximately 42.6 weeks, respectively, without any significant difference among the three groups given different maintenance therapies. The mean values of survival duration in responding patients were 27.1, 22.0 and 17.2 months, respectively for Arm I, Arm II and Arm III no significant difference being recognized in this point, either.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of adriamycin in advanced and recurrent breast cancer (No. 4)--Joint study by 30 institutes on the duration of remission using various maintenance therapies in patients treated with CAF. Clinical Study Group of Adriamycin for Breast Cancer in Japan]. 338 38

Patient's perceptions of side effects and the influence of treatment on daily activities are important considerations in choosing a chemotherapy regimen. However, there are no studies comparing patients' experiences with three commonly used chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. The authors compared the patient-reported side effects and disruption in usual activities for cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil combined with methotrexate (CMF), doxorubicin (CAF), or mitoxantrone (CNF) in 86 women receiving treatment for breast cancer. The incidence and severity of side effects and disruption in usual activities were recorded by patients in a self-care diary (SCD) 2 and 5 days after the first and second drug cycles. Patients reported a mean of 3.2 to 4.9 side effects at each point in time. Fatigue, nausea, anorexia, taste changes, and headache were the most frequently reported side effects and did not differ in incidence among the three drug regimens. When repeated measures analysis of covariance was conducted using mean substitution for missing data and controlling for stage of disease, women receiving CAF reported more severe nausea than women receiving CMF or CNF (P < 0.05). Fatigue was significant for time; however, a distinct clinical pattern of fatigue was not apparent. Patients reported moderate levels of disruption in activities of daily living, with those receiving CAF having greater disruption. There was no difference among treatment groups in reports of overall disruption in activities. These data on patient reported experiences with side effects of chemotherapy can be used to prepare patients for specific side effects of treatment and facilitate symptom management.
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PMID:A comparison of patient-reported side effects among three chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. 805 7

The present study compared times to fatigue at CP which had been calculated from relatively long duration predicting trials. With eight recreationally active males (mean age +/- SE = 18.6 +/- 2.1 years) having first cycled to fatigue on five occasions at different fixed work rates, CP was calculated in three ways: 1. using data from the three lowest exercise intensities (CPl); 2. using data from all five exercise intensities (CPa); and 3. using data from the highest three exercise intensities (CPh). Although CP was calculated using a linear and a three-parameter non-linear model, there were insufficient suitable data to complete the latter analysis. After three days and over an eight day period, the subjects cycled for up to 60 minutes at each of the three CPs calculated using the linear model. Analysis revealed that despite high linearity with the five-point work-time regression (average r2=0.996), CPl, CPa and CPh significantly differed to each other (268 +/- 17.5W; 285 +/- 12.1W; 321 +/- 8.8W respectively; p<0.05). Significant differences were also found between times to fatigue at CPl, CPa and CPh (42.9 +/- 3.9, 39.9 +/- 4.6 and 34.4 +/- 2.7 minutes respectively; p<0.05). The data show that when CP is calculated using a linear work-time regression, time to fatigue at CP is significantly influenced by the duration of predicting trials. Moreover, exercise at CP could only be maintained for 43 minutes despite CP being calculated from predicting trials averaging between 10 and 25 minutes.
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PMID:The duration of predicting trials influences time to fatigue at critical power. 992 29

To find the optimal dose of MPA for combined use with CAF therapy for advanced or recurrent breast cancer, a randomized comparative study with a MPA 1,200 mg group and 600 mg group was carried out multi-institutionally. The response rate of complete cases was 37.5% (12/32) in the 1,200 mg group and 36.6% (15/41) in the 600 mg group, showing no difference between the two groups. There were no differences in either the duration of response or the survival term. The major adverse effects and abnormal laboratory test values included alopecia, nausea and vomiting, general fatigue, anorexia and leukopenia, with no difference in incidence between the groups. Moon face, genital hemorrhage and body weight increase, which are thought to be caused by MPA, were found in both groups without a significant difference in incidence. The results of this study revealed no differences in effectiveness or safety between MPA 1,200 mg and 600 mg, suggesting that MPA for combined use with CAF is fully effective at a dose of 600 mg.
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PMID:[Study on CAF + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy for advanced or recurrent breast cancer--comparison between MPA 600 mg and 1,200 mg. Kyushu CAFT Therapy Study Group (Third Study)]. 1058 67

The biaxial flexural strength and cyclic fatigue biaxial flexural strength of CAD/CAM ceramics polished with #220, 400, 600 and 1000 diamond pads were measured in an effort to determine the effect of surface roughness on fatigue behavior of dental ceramics. The surface roughness was improved after polishing with a smaller diamond grain pad. The flexural strengths of the specimens polished with #220, 400, 600 and 1000 diamond pad were 75.2, 76.6, 82.2, and 83.3 MPa, respectively; the fatigue flexural strength of those with #220, 400, 600 and 1000 were 53.0, 58.1, 60.0, and 61.5 MPa, respectively. Both the flexural and fatigue flexural strengths increased with improvement of surface profile. These results suggest the importance of polishing of dental ceramics for not only the static strength but also the cyclic fatigue strength.
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PMID:Effect of polishing on cyclic fatigue strength of CAD/CAM ceramics. 1078 60

A new bio-active bone cement, known as CAP, has been developed as an alternative to acrylic bone cement. CAP has improved mechanical properties, with a high modulus that is over five times that of PMMA. The effects of this high modulus are examined by finite element analysis, when the CAP is used in place of PMMA to fix the femoral component in total hip prostheses. The results show a higher tensile stress of 8.76 MPa in the CAP cement, compared with 1.99 MPa in the PMMA cement. However, it is also shown that CAP has a superior fatigue strength of approximately 40 MPa, obtained from a cyclic loading test.
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PMID:Mechanical evaluation of a bio-active bone cement for total hip arthroplasty. 1098 38

A 65-year-old man was admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center because of dyspnea on effort, loss of appetite and general fatigue. Chest radiography on admission showed niveau formation in, and infiltration around, the bulla. Percutaneous drainage of the intrabullous fluid was performed and Mycobacterium gordonae was repeatedly cultured from it. The patient was treated with RFP, INH and CAM and the intrabullous fluid and infiltration around the bulla was markedly improved. Seven cases of pulmonary infection by M. gordonae have been reported in Japan, but this is the first case of bulla infected by this organism.
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PMID:[A case of infected bulla caused by Mycobacterium gordonae]. 1192 13

Alternative medicine is no longer mystical, mythical, or remote. At last 50% of the adult population has tried some sort of alternative therapy. As the population ages, and chronic illness becomes more prevalent, the use of alternatives is likely to continue to increase. CAM often targets chronic disorders that are often poorly addressed by conventional care. such as headache, arthritis. insomnia, fatigue, and so forth. Managed care, indirectly by imposing barriers to access and directly by offering riders that cover CAM services, are pushing patients away from more expensive conventional therapies. In conditions like the perimenopause, where the symptoms may wax and wane unpredictably, quality research is needed to demonstrate the efficacy of interventions. In the not so distant past, CAM practices have been given a pass, permitted to lay claim to historical uses as proof of efficacy. This exemption from the rules has been revoked. Major journals have issued a call for a new, more evenhanded approach. The editors of the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine asserted that [36]: There cannot be two kinds of medicine--conventional and alternative. There is only medicine that has been adequately tested and medicine that has not, medicine that works and medicine that may or may not work. Once a treatment has been tested rigorously, it no longer matters whether it was considered alternative at the outset. There is no alternative medicine. There is only scientifically proven, evidence-based medicine supported by solid data or unproven medicine, for which scientific evidence is lacking. Whether a therapeutic practice is 'Eastern' or 'Western', is unconventional or mainstream, or involves mind-body techniques or molecular genetics is largely irrelevant expect for historical purposes and cultural interest. Gynecologists and others who care for women need to be aware of the evidence supporting or refuting the claims made for both conventional and alternative medicine. Any therapy that provides effective and safe mitigation of the tumultuous and distressing endocrine events associated with the perimenopausal transition should be offered and used. An expanded array of therapeutic options may increase the likelihood of successful treatment and promote enhanced satisfaction and well-being for women. Such improvements can help to cement long-term relationships between providers and patients, for health and well-being now and in the future.
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PMID:Alternative medicine and the perimenopause an evidence-based review. 1235 74


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