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 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hearing loss induced in thirty female workers because of exposure to continuous noise was studied in a plastic bag plant in Samutprakarn Province, the largest industrial zone in Thailand. The sound level in this plant was 98.5 dBA., 94.0 dBA. and 93.0 dBA. in the weaving, winding and warping sections, respectively. Results of an audiometric test showed a significant relationship between high noise level and hearing loss at frequency 4,000 Hz. A questionnaire survey found that a relatively high number of workers had various symptoms such as: 76.7% general fatigue, 70% headache, 63.3% ear distension and 56.7% vertigo. Concerning the usage of ear protective devices, it was found that 80% of the workers have never used such devices, 16.7% occasionally used them, and 3.3% have always used cotton wool to reduce the high noise level. Their reasons for non-use of ear protective devices were 1) not provided by the employer (86.7%), 2) not necessary (83.3%), 3) accustomed to the noise (63.3%), 4) nobody uses (56.7%), and 5) no loud noise (16.7%). These results point to the need for improving the work conditions and welfare services of the workers at this plant. Also, hearing conservation programmes can be instituted in developing countries through cooperation among the safety inspectorate, the employer and the workers.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1989
PMID:The need for a participatory conservation programme for the reduction of noise exposure to Thai female workers. 263 11

The fracture behavior of cast two types of pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy was understood by acoustic emission (AE) analysis during a fracture toughness test. Specimens for test were cast by the lost wax method using a specially designed Ti casting machine of pressure-different method for dental use. A fatigue crack was inserted from the machined notch tip into the body of a specimen in the range of 0.45-0.55 a/W. Acoustic emission signals released during the fracture toughness test were detected by two sensors attached to both ends of the specimen. Then the signals were recorded and analysed by the PAC 3000/3104 system. From the early stage of the fracture toughness test, AE signals started to be released in all types of specimens tested. A reaction layer with the investment materials of about 50-100 microns was thought to be the result of the AE release from an early stage of the fracture toughness test. A microfracture behavior of the cast pure Ti and Ti alloys was proposed based on the results obtained from the AE releasing pattern and fracture surface findings.
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PMID:Fracture analysis of cast pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy for dental use. 940 79

Today the number of women receiving breast implants of silicone gel, for augmentation or reconstruction of the breast, is increasing. Silicon implants may cause local complications (such as capsular contracture, rupture, closed capsulotomy, gel "bleed", nodular foreign body granulomas in the capsular tissue and lymph nodes) or general symptoms. An adverse immune reaction with signs and symptoms of rheumatoid disorders is also possible, although an increased frequency of true autoimmune systemic connective tissue diseases is controversial. The US Food and Drug Administration advised that these silicone implants should be used only in reconstructive surgery and as part of clinical trials. Silicone is not an inert substance and silicone compounds were found in the blood and liver of women with silicone breast implants. The development of disease related to silicone implants would depend on genetic factors, so that only a very few women are potentially at risk. HLA-DR53 may be a marker of predisposed subjects. Breast-feeding by women with silicone implants should not be recommended for possible autoimmune disorders in the children. We report the case of an adult female patient with silicone breast implantation for bilateral mastectomy (performed 12 months before) and a unique syndrome characterized by low-grade fever, chronic fatigue, arthralgias of the hands, dysphagia, dry eye, increased level of rheumatoid factor and decreased value of complement C3 and C4. No increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate occurred, and no ANA, nDNA, ENA and AAT autoantibodies were evidence. A critical review of literature (source: MEDLINE 1980-1997) was performed and our case seems to be the first one reported in Italy. The internist should become familiar with the immunological disorders related to silicone breast implants, often so marked to require the explantation of the prostheses to improve symptomatology. However, perhaps due to the leak and spreading of silicone, the progression to a severe systemic involvement may remain despite the implant removal.
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PMID:[Silicone breast prosthesis and rheumatoid arthritis: a new systemic disease: siliconosis. A case report and a critical review of the literature]. 967 77

This study aims to find out whether discotheque music affects hearing by exposing 48 young volunteers to discotheque music in discotheque sessions at two discotheques and evaluating their degree of auditory fatigue after exposure. Questionnaire interviews revealed that the majority of them visit discotheques regularly. A higher proportion of those attending the louder discotheque found the music too loud. The prevalence of tinnitus is also higher in those attending the noisier discotheque. The degree of threshold shifts, however, does not appear to be related to the volume of music or auditory fatigue. The noise level exposure was estimated to be 91 dBA to 98 dBA for weekly exposure and 85 dBA to 92 dBA for monthly exposure. To avoid hearing loss, patrons should avoid loud discotheques, or cut down their frequency of visits if they choose to continue patronising them.
Asia Pac J Public Health 2000
PMID:A study on the effects of discotheque noise on the hearing of young patrons. 1120 Feb 16

Ageing is associated with changes in body composition, including an increase and redistribution of adipose tissue and a decrease in muscle and bone mass, beginning as early as the fourth decade of life. These changes have significant implications for the health and functioning of the individual because of their associations with chronic disease expression and severity, as well as geriatric syndromes such as mobility impairment, falls, frailty and functional decline. Therefore, understanding the preventive and therapeutic options for optimizing body composition in old age is central to the care of patients in mid-life and beyond. Pharmacological interventions are currently available for maintaining or improving bone mass, and much current interest is focused on anabolic agents that will preserve or restore muscle mass, as well as those that can potentially limit adipose tissue deposition. However, in this brief review, non-pharmacological modulation of body composition through appropriate dietary intake and physical activity patterns, will be discussed. There is sufficient evidence currently to suggest that a substantial portion of what have been considered 'age-related' changes in muscle, fat and bone are in fact related either to excess energy consumption, decreased energy expenditure in physical activity, or both factors in combination. In addition, selective underconsumption of certain macro- or micronutrients contributes to losses of muscle and bone mass. Each of the three compartments will be considered in turn, with recommendations for optimizing the size of these body tissue stores in early adulthood, and minimizing undesirable changes typically seen in middle and old age.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2002
PMID:Benefits of exercise and dietary measures to optimize shifts in body composition with age. 1249 58

Farm mechanization has resulted in extensive use of wheat threshers on Indian farms. It has also increased agricultural injuries. A prospective study was undertaken for analysis of wheat thresher agricultural injuries and their remedial measures. Fifty two patients presenting with thresher injuries during the wheat harvesting season of March to June, 2003 were studied. A study-specific 14-point proforma was prepared to gather all possible information from site of injury to hospital records. Injuries were mostly of the upper limb and amputations accounted for most of these. Poor light arrangements, unskilled workers, drug / alcohol abuse, fatigue, poor designing and lack of orientation to work on these machines were the contributory factors to such injuries. The analysis emphasizes that the need of the hour is to decrease wheat thresher injuries through specific preventive approaches like improved designing, education, legislation, compensation and surveillance programmes.
Asia Pac J Public Health 2005
PMID:Wheat thresher agricultural injuries: a by-product of mechanised farming. 1604 31

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), which is the most common leukemia in adult population in the Western world, is surprisingly rare in Thailand. The objective of our study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical presentations and outcome of a large cohort of Thai CLL patients diagnosed at a single institution in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1963-1998. One hundred and eighty-four patients were included in the study. The most frequent age group was 60-80 years old with the male to female ratio of 2:1. Only 12% of patients were younger than the age of 50. Most patients were from the central agricultural region of Thailand. Clinical findings at presentation included splenomegaly (64%), lymphadenopathy (60%), anemia (54%), hepatomegaly (49%), fatigue (39%), weight loss (33%), fever (21%), thrombocytopenia (18%), and anorexia (8%). Only 8% of Thai CLL patients were asymptomatic at presentation. The majority of patients were categorized as stages III and IV with the median survival of 20 months and 8 months, respectively. Infection was the most common cause of death, particularly in the elderly patients who had comorbid illnesses. Twenty-two percent of the patients had associated autoimmune disorders. The unfavorable prognostic factors observed were older age (> 70 years), weight loss and hepatosplenomegaly. We concluded that the age and gender of Thai CLL patients were similar to those of the Western countries but our patients came to medical attention at a later and more advanced stage. Prospective studies at a multi-center level in Thailand should be pursued to investigate further the genetic and epidemiologic nature of Thai CLL patients.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2005 Dec
PMID:Clinical presentation and outcome of Thai patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: retrospective analysis of 184 cases. 1657 39

Presence of nocturnal symptoms is related to asthma severity. Clinically stable asthmatic children, too, report frequent nocturnal symptoms and sleep disturbances. The study determined these parameters in stable, asthmatic children, in their home environment. This case-control, questionnaire-based study in 70 school-going children comprised 40 asthmatics (Group 1) and 30, age/gender matched, healthy children (Group 2). Parents maintained peak expiratory flow (PEF) and sleep diaries for one week. Group 1 had significantly lower mean morning (250.3 vs. 289.1 I/minute) and mean evening PEF values (261.7 vs. 291.3 I/minute). Group 1 (38.95%), reported frequent nocturnal symptoms like cough (36.90%), breathlessness (32.80%), wheeze (27.68%) and chest tightness (14.35%). Sleep disturbances, significant in Group 1 (38, 95% vs. 14.35%), included daytime sleepiness (24.60%), daytime tiredness (20.50%), difficulty in maintaining sleep (15.38%), early morning awakening (14.35%), struggle against sleep during daytime (12.30%), and involuntarily falling asleep (17.43%). On a scale of 1-6, Group 1 scored significant sleep disturbances/patient (3 vs. 0.8); lethargy/tiredness in morning (2.9 vs. 2.2), poorer sleep quality (4.7 vs. 5.4), less parents' satisfaction with child's sleep (4.5 vs. 5.5) and daytime fitness (4.1 vs. 5.3). Group 1, when exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (22, 55%), reported significant nocturnal symptoms (18/22, 81%) and reduced mean morning and evening PEF values (17/22, 77%). It is concluded that clinically stable, asthmatic children reported increased nocturnal symptoms, sleep disturbances and poorer sleep quality. Lack of awareness of asthma-sleep association and its clinical implications could lead to poor asthma control and impaired daytime activity.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol
PMID:Nocturnal symptoms and sleep disturbances in clinically stable asthmatic children. 1713 79

This paper unravels the physical and psychological health problems of garment workers in Fiji. It is based on research work done between 1997-2007. Majority of the garment workers are women. The main physical health problems faced by workers are: 'Occupational fatigue syndrome', body pains, obesity, and bladder and kidney problems. The major psychological problems work stress and depression. Work stress and depression are caused by 'intensification of work' to meet daily targets, strict factory rules and regulations, poor pay, poor working conditions, in-human abuse, and fear of job loss. Since garment workers do not have much education and skills they have no other option but to work for the garment industry and suffer in silence.
Pac Health Dialog 2006 Sep
PMID:Physical and psychological health problems of garment workers in the Fiji. 1818 92

Over half of all Australians are classified as overweight or obese and this is increasing by 1% of the population per year. Obesity is linked with a range of health ailments including type 2 diabetes, heart diseases and some cancers. At a population level it is well accepted that obesity is a result of the increasing use of modern technology, resulting in decreased energy expenditure, in combination with easily available high energy density foods, the "obesogenic environment". In the modern environment, there are two major areas of management to assist the overweight and obese. Both include a change in lifestyle. Future strategies in weight management should include reduction in energy density and increase in daily physical activity.
Asia Pac J Public Health 2003
PMID:Dealing with obesity: an Australian perspective. 1892 39


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