Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

WooKiEum (WKE) has been used for the purpose of the development of increased immune-system strength in Korea. In the present study, we examined the anti-immobility effect of WKE on the forced swimming test (FST), and then measured blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue: glucose (Glc), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine, and total protein (TP). WKE (0.1, 1 g/kg) was administered orally to mice for 7 d. After 2 d, the immobility time was decreased in the WKE-administered group. After 7 d, the immobility time was significantly decreased in the WKE-administered group (64.6+/-9.0 s for 0.1 g/kg) in comparison with the control group (101.3+/-32.7 s). In addition, amount of Glc in the blood serum was increased, whereas the contents of BUN, LDH and TP decreased in the WKE-administered group. Next, we investigated the effect of WKE on the production of cytokines in a human T-cell line, MOLT-4 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages. WKE (1 mg/ml) significantly increased interferon (IFN)-gamma and TNF-alpha production compared with the media control (about 2.2-fold for IFN-gamma, about 1.7-fold for TNF-alpha, p<0.05) after 24 h. WKE increased the protein expression of IFN-gamma in MOLT-4 cells. These results suggest that WKE may be useful in immune function improvement.
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PMID:Immune-enhancing effect of the Korean natural medicine WooKiEum. 1546 88

Stimulation of healthy granulocyte donors allows the collection of therapeutic doses of granulocytes. The stimulation with G-CSF alone was compared with G-CSF plus dexamethasone. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, at leukapheresis, and at follow-up visit. Donors answered a questionnaire to evaluate side effects of the stimulation regimen. The combination of G-CSF and dexamethasone resulted in higher WBC count than G-CSF alone (39.4 +/- 7.8 vs. 34.8 +/- 8.3/nl). Glucose (136 +/- 45 mg/dl) and lactate dehydrogenase (195 +/- 38) increased significantly after stimulation with G-CSF plus dexamethasone but returned to baseline levels at the follow-up visit. Generally, stimulation was well tolerated by the donors. A higher rate of mild bone pain and headache was experienced in donors stimulated with G-CSF plus dexamethasone than in donors receiving G-CSF alone. Fatigue and myalgia were reported at similar rates in both groups. A high proportion of the donors stated that they would accept a further stimulation and granulocyte donation. At the follow-up visit, blood counts and chemistry had returned to normal values.
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PMID:Donor tolerance and results of stimulation with G-CSF alone or in combination with dexamethasone for the collection of granulocytes. 1549 56

Gamisipjundaebo-tang (GSDBT) has been used for the purpose of development of physical strength. In the present study, we investigated the immune enhancing effect induced by GSDBT. We investigated the anti-immobility effect of GSDBT via a forced-swimming test and blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, lactic dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and total protein. GSDBT (0.1 and 1 g/kg) was orally administered to mice for 14 days. After 7 and 14 days, as assessed through a forced-swimming test, immobility time was decreased in the GSDBT-administrated group (0.1 and 1 g/kg) in comparison with the control group. In addition, after 8 days, the contents of glucose and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood serum were increased, and contents of blood urea nitrogen were decreased in the GSDBT-administrated group. After 15 days, the contents of glucose were increased, and the contents of lactate dehydrogenase and blood urea nitrogen were decreased in the GSDBT-administrated group. However, it had no effect on the elevation of creatine kinase and total protein level. We also investigated the effect of GSDBT on the production of cytokines in human T-cell line, MOLT-4 cells, and splenocytes. GSDBT significantly increased interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2 levels compared with the media control but did not affect IL-4. GSDBT increased the protein expression of IFN-gamma in MOLT-4 cells. These results suggest that GSDBT may be useful in immune function improvement and may also have antifatigue properties.
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PMID:Decrease of immobility behavior in forced-swimming test and immune system enhancing effect of traditional medicine Gamisipjundaebo-tang. 1550

Because the clinical significance of von Willebrand factor (vWF), a marker of endothelial injury, has not been well studied in adult patients with dermatomyositis (DM), we evaluated whether plasma vWF levels are useful as an index of disease activity in these patients. We measured plasma vWF antigen levels in 11 patients with active adult DM, 13 patients with inactive DM, and 18 healthy subjects using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association of vWF level with clinical condition and muscle-derived enzyme leakage among DM patients was examined using analysis of covariance and logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we studied the effects of treatment on the vWF antigen level. The mean vWF antigen level was significantly higher in active DM patients than in inactive DM patients and healthy subjects. Higher vWF levels were associated with clinical symptoms, such as general fatigue, fever, and muscle weakness. They were also associated with the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and aldolase, but not with those of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase (CK). vWF antigen was correlated with muscle enzymes except for CK. The plasma vWF levels in six patients with active DM significantly decreased after successful corticosteroid treatment. Plasma vWF level may be considered a useful marker of disease activity in adult DM patients.
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PMID:Clinical significance of von Willebrand factor in patients with adult dermatomyositis. 1556 94

We hypothesized that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease developing contractile fatigue of the quadriceps during cycle exercise may have characteristic metabolic and muscle features that could increase their susceptibility to fatigue, thus differentiating them from those who do not develop fatigue. We examined, in 32 patients, the fiber-type proportion, enzymatic activities, and capillary density in the vastus lateralis and the arterial blood lactate level during constant work-rate cycling exercise. Contractile fatigue was defined as a postexercise fall in quadriceps twitch force greater than 15% of resting values. Twenty-two patients developed contractile fatigue after exercise. No significant differences were found between fatiguers and non-fatiguers for the endurance time, fiber-type proportion, and oxidative enzyme activities. The lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and muscle capillarization significantly reduced in fatiguers (p < 0.05). Compared with non-fatiguers, the arterial lactate level during exercise was significantly higher in fatiguers (p < 0.001). A significant relationship was found between the fall in quadriceps twitch force and lactate dehydrogenase activity, capillary/fiber ratio, and blood lactate level. We conclude that changes in muscle enzymatic profile and capillarization with a greater reliance on glycolytic metabolism during exercise are associated with contractile fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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PMID:Contractile fatigue, muscle morphometry, and blood lactate in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 1573 55

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of resistance exercise in reversing skeletal muscle myopathy in heart transplant recipients. Myopathy, engendered by both heart failure and immunosuppression with glucocorticoids, is a post-transplant complication. The sequelae of myopathic disease includes fiber-type shifts and deficits in aerobic metabolic capability. We randomly assigned patients to either 6 months of resistance exercise (training group; n = 8) or a control (control group; n = 7) group. Exercise was initiated at 2 months after transplant. Biopsy of the right vastus lateralis was performed before and after the 6-month intervention. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition was assessed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Biochemical assays were performed to determine citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. There were no group differences (p >or=0.05) in MHC composition and enzymatic reserve at baseline. Improvements in the training group for citrate cynthase (+40%), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (+10%), and lactate dehydrogenase activity (+48%) were significantly greater (p <or=0.05) than in the control group (+10%, -15%, and +20%, respectively). Oxidative type 1 MHC isoform concentration increased significantly in the training group (+73%, p <or=0.05) but decreased in the control group (-28%; p <or=0.05). Glycolytic type 2x MHC isoform increased significantly (17%; p <or=0.05) in the control group but decreased (-33%; p <or=0.05) in the training group. This is the first study to demonstrate that resistance training elicits myofibrillar shifts from less oxidative type II fibers to more oxidative fatigue-resistant type I fibers in heart transplant recipients. Resistance exercise initiated early in the post-transplant period is efficacious in changing skeletal muscle phenotype through increases in enzymatic reserve and shifts in fiber morphology.
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PMID:Effect of resistance exercise on skeletal muscle myopathy in heart transplant recipients. 1587 92

We report an instructive case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as acute heart failure. A 69-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-negative man was admitted to our hospital for general fatigue. A computed tomographic scan of the chest and abdomen showed pericardial effusion, but there was no evidence of tumor masses, lymph node enlargement, or hepatosplenomegaly. During the chemotherapy, increased lactate dehydrogenase and pleural effusion appeared. The tumor cells in the effusion showed positivity for CD5, CD19, CD20, kappa chain, and Bcl-2 and negativity for CD10 and CD23. The chromosomes showed t(8;14)(q24;q32) with c-myc/immunoglobulin (Ig)H rearrangement, and the MIB-1 index was not high (60%). Neither human herpes virus 8 nor Epstein-Barr virus DNA was detected in the cells by polymerase chain reaction. The response to chemotherapy was very poor, and the patient died 4 months after the diagnosis. A spectrum of the symptoms of CD5+ lymphoma encompasses pericardial effusion and also can accompany c-myc/IgH rearrangement.
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PMID:CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with c-myc/IgH rearrangement presenting as primary effusion lymphoma. 1591 62

We encountered a 53-year-old man with general fatigue. Bone marrow investigations revealed an infiltration of CD20+CD5+CD23- cells and the presence of cyclin D1 lymphoid cells, leading to a diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma, clinical stage IV. The first 2 lines of chemotherapy, CyclOBEAP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone) and fludarabine-cyclophosphamide, produced only a transient decrease in serum lactic dehydrogenase levels, without a clinical remission. Because of the persistence of bone marrow hypoplasia, monotherapy with 375 mg/m2 rituximab was administered. The pancytopenia gradually improved, and a complete remission was obtained after 4 cycles of rituximab. The patient remains in complete remission 21 months after the third rituximab therapy for maintenance.
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PMID:Complete and durable remission of refractory mantle cell lymphoma with repeated rituximab monotherapy. 1591 63

Gamibojungikki-tang (GBIT) has been used for the purpose of development of physical strength in Korea. We investigated the anti-immobility effect of GBIT on the forced swimming test (FST) and then measured the blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue, glucose (Glc); blood urea nitrogen (BUN); lactic dehydrogenase (LDH); creatine kinase (CK) and total protein (TP). GBIT (0.01, 0.1, 1 g/kg) was orally administered to mice for 7 days. After 7 days, the immobility time was significantly decreased in the GBIT-administration group (105.0+/-12.1 s for 1 g/kg) in comparison with the control group (152.3+/-16.2 s). The contents of Glc and TP in the blood serum were significantly increased in GBIT-administration group (1g/kg) compared with control group, while LDH was significantly decreased. Surface phenotyping of spleen cells by FACS analysis revealed an increasing tendency of CD4+ and CD8+ number, without statistical significance. In addition, GBIT (0.01-1 mg/ml) increased the interferon-gamma and interlukin-2 levels in MOLT-4 T-cells. These results suggest that GBIT may be useful in the immune function improvement.
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PMID:Gamibojungikki-tang decreases immobility time on the forced swimming test and increases interferon-gamma production from MOLT-4 cells. 1602 48

Lactic acid is considered the end product of glycolysis and is a major cause of muscle fatigue. However, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) reaction is bidirectional: Lactate can be oxidized to pyruvate and used as a substrate for the Krebs cycle. Therefore, our hypothesis was that lactate sustains the contractile function of rat extraocular muscles during periods of increased activity. The study used extraocular and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from adult Sprague-Dawley rats to determine LDH isoform expression, total LDH activity, and contractile function in vitro. To evaluate the role of lactate on fatigue, we tested the effect of cinnamate, a blocker of lactate transport, and exogenous lactate on fatigue resistance. Cinnamate accelerated fatigue in the extraocular muscles: Endurance and residual force decreased significantly. Conversely, cinnamate did not affect the endurance or residual force of EDL muscles. Replacing glucose with exogenous lactate increased EDL fatigability but had no effect on the extraocular muscles. However, the extraocular muscles fatigued faster when exposed to exogenous lactate combined with cinnamate. The LDH-A and LDH-C isoforms were expressed at lower levels in extraocular muscle; LDH-B was equally abundant in the EDL and extraocular muscles. Total LDH activity in the extraocular muscles was only approximately 32% of the level in EDL. These results support the hypothesis that lactate sustains the contractile performance of the extraocular muscles.
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PMID:Lactate is a metabolic substrate that sustains extraocular muscle function. 1632 56


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