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 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate the effects of glycogen depleting exercise and dietary composition on mood, 14 males completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire under four conditions. A control condition (CON) of ad libitum diet preceded any experimental manipulation. Subsequently, three treatments were administered randomly in a counterbalanced design: a) following a glycogen-depletion protocol and 3 d on a high-carbohydrate diet (93% of total caloric intake as carbohydrate [CHO]), b) following a glycogen-depletion protocol and 3 d on a low-CHO diet (23% of total caloric intake as CHO), and c) following 3 d of recorded ad libitum dietary consumption. Conditions a and b simulated phases of popular glycogen-loading protocols, and condition c served as a second control condition confirmed by records of dietary intake. The POMS measured tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, vigor-activity, fatigue-inertia, and confusion-bewilderment. A composite score of total mood disturbance (TMD) was computed by summing the subscale scores (weighting vigor-activity negatively). Dietary composition (fat, protein, and CHO content) differed significantly (P less than 0.001) among the three treatments, but total caloric intake was not different. No significant differences were found among the treatment and control conditions for TMD or any POMS subscale score. We find no evidence that the 3-d glycogen loading protocol we employed with healthy, moderately fit, young males can be expected to confound performance measures by altering mood.
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PMID:No effects of glycogen depleting exercise and altered diet composition on mood states. 160 44

One hundred and seven patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and 111 patients with advanced gastric cancer, stratified for key medical and sociodemographic variables, were assessed with the Profile of Mood States before beginning combination chemotherapy in a national cancer clinical trials group. The pancreatic cancer patients had significantly higher self-ratings of depression, tension-anxiety, fatigue, confusion-bewilderment, and total mood disturbance; no difference was found in vigor or anger-hostility. These data support prior observations that patients with advanced pancreatic cancer experience significantly greater general psychological disturbance than patients with another type of advanced abdominal neoplasm.
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PMID:Comparative psychological disturbance in patients with pancreatic and gastric cancer. 352 79

Mood changes of interns during the internship year were studied using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), a standardized adjective checklist. All 35 interns in the University of California, Irvine-Long Beach Medical Program completed the POMS at internship orientation and at five other times during the year. Of the six mood factors measured by the POMS, four changed significantly during the testing period. Anger-hostility scores were higher (p less than 0.01) in December than at orientation and remained so throughout the year. Tension-anxiety scores were higher (p less than 0.01) and fatigue-inertia scores were lower (p less than 0.01) at orientation than at any other time during the year. Vigor-activity scores were higher (p less than 0.01) at orientation than at the end of the year. Depression-dejection and confusion-bewilderment scores did not change significantly during the study period. Recognition of these mood changes is helpful for drawing the attention of house staff and faculty members to emotional stresses of training, and for identifying issues for discussion in intern support groups.
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PMID:Stress during internship: a prospective study of mood states. 377 96

This study is designed to identify psychologically meaningful correlates of high and low social functioning among alcoholics and to determine if High Social Alcoholics show greater changes between intake and 1 1/2 months into treatment than Low Social Alcoholics on various psycho-diagnostic measures. High Social group membership was found to be positively associated with scores at intake on the MCMI Compulsive-Conforming Scale. Low Social group membership was positively associated with scores on the POMS Depression-Dejection and Confusion-Bewilderment Scales; and on the MCMI Avoidant, Schizotypal, Passive-Aggressive, Psychotic Thinking, Psychotic Depression, Alcohol Abuse, and Borderline Scales. Repeated measures analyses revealed that, although both groups showed significant changes on a variety of measures, the High Social group showed significantly greater decreases between intake and 1 1/2 months into treatment than the Low Social group on the Avoidant, Dysthymic, Somatoform, and Anxiety Scales of the MCMI and on the Confusion-Bewilderment, Tension-Anxiety, and Fatigue-Inertia Scales of the POMS.
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PMID:Psychological correlates and treatment outcomes for high and low social functioning alcoholics. 378 94

Fenfluramine (Fen) 40 mg, a selective releaser of serotonin, and dextroamphetamine (Dex) 15 mg were administered in a double-blind crossover design to 16 subjects with major affective disorder, depression. Three hours after administration both drugs significantly improved depression and improved vigor, fatigue, and confusion-bewilderment on the subscales of the Profile of Mood States. Dex was significantly better than Fen only on the vigor and fatigue subscales. Other data from this study suggest that when used acutely Fen can mimic long-term antidepressant effects, whereas the acute effects of Dex are similar to its stimulating effects in normals.
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PMID:A comparison of the acute effects of dextroamphetamine and fenfluramine in depression. 389 98

A prospective study using two standardized psychological tests, the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), was conducted in an effort to quantify the emotional changes experienced by internal medicine house staff members during the internship. In contrast to instruments used in previous investigations of this type, the POMS and the SDS are standardized tests with proven reliability and validity. The six mood factors measured, "tension-anxiety," "depression-dejection," "anger-hostility," "vigor-activity," "fatigue-inertia," and "confusion-bewilderment," are reported to be among those factors most often affected by the internship experience. Twenty-three interns completed both tests at four-month intervals during one academic year. One-way analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed that the level of only anger-hostility of the mood factors changed significantly during the year. The intensity of this factor increased between the first and third testing periods before dropping at the end of the year. In contrast to findings in previous studies, the depression and fatigue factors did not increase during the year. By characterizing interns' reactions to the stresses of postgraduate medical education, standardized psychological tests can contribute to improved understanding of these reactions and to more intelligent planning of support systems.
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PMID:Mood changes during the internship. 614 Dec 96

To assess the applicability of the World Health Organization (WHO) Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB), we evaluated 53 male and 29 female Venezuelan workers exposed to mixtures of organic solvents in an adhesive factory, and 56 male and 11 female workers unexposed to any type of neurotoxic chemical. The average age of unexposed workers was 30 years and 33 years for those exposed, average schooling for both groups was 8 years, and the mean duration of exposure was 7 years. The NCTB, which assesses central nervous system functions, is composed of seven tests that measure simple motor function, short-term memory, eye-hand coordination, affective behavior, and psychomotor perception and speed. The battery includes: profile of mood states (POMS); Simple Reaction Time for attention and response speed; Digit Span for auditory memory; Santa Ana manual dexterity; Digit-Symbol for perceptual motor speed; the Benton visual retention for visual perception and memory; and Pursuit Aiming II for motor steadiness. In each of 13 subtests, the exposed group had a poorer performance than the nonexposed group. The range of differences in mean performance was between 5% and 89%, particularly in POMS (tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, depression-rejection, fatigue-inertia, confusion-bewilderment), Simple Reaction Time, Digit-Symbol, and Santa Ana Pegboard (p < .05). In multivariate regression analyses, controlling for the effects of age, sex, and education, significantly poorer performance in the exposed was found for tension-anxiety, hostility, depression, and confusion moods in the POMS, and in digit-symbol and simple reaction time (p < .05). These alterations were also dose-related using years of exposure in analyses of covariance. Compared to the nonexposed, the exposed subjects demonstrated an increased frequency of subjective symptoms of fatigue, difficulties with memory, confusion, paresthesias in upper and lower extremities, and sleep disturbances. We conclude that the methodology is applicable to the population studied. The tests of the NCTB were accepted by the subjects and were administered satisfactorily, except for occasional difficulties in verbal comprehension in subtests of POMS, which is the only test that requires more demanding verbal skills. The magnitude of the behavioral deficits is consistent with the probable high level of exposure and with the range of deficits previously reported in workers with long-term solvent exposures.
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PMID:Neurobehavioral evaluation of Venezuelan workers exposed to organic solvent mixtures. 790 Jul 32

This study examined mood in 54 ambulatory nursing home residents. Female subjects reported significantly lower scores on the Anger-Hostility subscale than either men or normative subjects. Women also scored lower than normative subjects on the Vigor-Activity and Confusion-Bewilderment subscales, whereas men scored lower on the Fatigue-Inertia subscale. Both men and women reported below norm scores for the Tension-Anxiety subscale. Further study is needed to identify sociological factors that may explain diminished expression of mood in this vulnerable population, and to compare these findings with the mood profile of community dwelling elders.
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PMID:A profile of mood in ambulatory nursing home residents. 799 34

A 1-year prospective study of seasonal mood changes was conducted in 250 female Boston area residents, aged 43 to 72, who were participants in a study of vitamin D supplementation. Each woman completed the Profile of Mood States questionnaire at four study visits. There were significant changes over the year in scores for Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, Fatigue-Inertia, and Confusion-Bewilderment. These scores were all highest or "worst" in the fall and lowest in the spring or summer. Worse mood scores were associated with fewer hours of sleep. Serum thyroxine was positively associated with higher Depression-Dejection scores in August through November and with higher (better) Vigor-Activity scores in February through May. Supplementation with 400 IU of vitamin D did not appear to affect levels or changes in mood scores.
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PMID:Seasonal mood changes in 250 normal women. 814 Jan 83

The majority of antihistamines have sedative effects; however, it is claimed that Hismanal (astemizole) does not possess central nervous system side effects. A three-factor, repeated measures, double-blind design was used to compare the effects of singl oral doses of 1) Benadryl (diphenhydramine), 50 mg; 2) Hismanal, 10 mg; and 3) placebo, on two mood scales, physiological measures, sleepiness, the ability to detect ingestion of an antihistamine versus placebo, and symptoms in 28 healthy men. Higher tension, greater fatigue, and lower activity levels were reported post-Benadryl (p < 0.05). Lower vigor-activity and higher confusion-bewilderment post-Hismanal and Benadryl were noted 1 h postingestion (p < 0.05), with confusion being lower and activity higher for Hismanal than for Benadryl (p < 0.05). Low vigor-activity, high confusion, and increased sleepiness post-Benadryl persisted for 3 h, while fatigue-inertia persisted for 7 h (p < 0.05). Results suggest that Hismanal is superior to Benadryl for avoidance of subjective effects; however, neither antihistamine was entirely devoid of subjective effects.
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PMID:The effects of Benadryl and Hismanal on mood, physiological measures, antihistamine detection, and subjective symptoms. 836 85


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