Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paraspinal muscle fatigue mechanisms were compared in 14 primary fibromyalgia patients and 14 age and sex matched normal subjects using a standardized 60-s isometric endurance test of the paraspinal muscles, during which surface integrated electromyographic (IEMG) activity was recorded. Fatigue-induced IEMG increases were similar for both groups during the initial 40 s (up to 112 +/- 20% and 111 +/- 6% of initial values in patients and normal subjects respectively). Thereafter, IEMG fell significantly in patients (P < 0.05) but only slightly in controls, so that at 58 s IEMG was 102 +/- 13% in patients and 109 +/- 12% in controls. If patients were divided according to body mass index (BMI, range 19-25 in controls) those with a BMI < 26 (n = 5) showed IEMG changes similar to those of control subjects throughout the test, while obese patients with BMI > 26 (n = 9) showed greater IEMG declines after 40 s than either normal subjects or in the fibromyalgia group as a whole. Paraspinal muscle fatigue mechanisms appear normal in primary fibromyalgia patients. Isometric force maintenance in overweight patients, despite IEMG declines, illustrates the action of intrinsic fatigue resistance mechanisms which were presumably utilized to a greater extent in these patients to cope with the extra load.
 ...
PMID:Normal paraspinal muscle electromyographic fatigue characteristics in patients with primary fibromyalgia. 834 74

Obesity is a particularly important challenge to the health status of Native Americans. This challenge is manifest in the increasing rates of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among Native Americans. Most studies of Native American infants, preschool children, schoolchildren, and adults have confirmed a high prevalence of overweight. Historical studies suggest that for many Native American communities the high rates of obesity are a relatively recent phenomenon. The specific reasons for the increase in obesity among Native Americans have not been determined, although it has been hypothesized that Native Americans have a genetic predisposition to overweight in a "westernized" environment of abundant food and decreased energy expenditure. Few detailed studies of diet or of physical activity levels of contemporary Native Americans have been published. Community-based interventions to modify diet and activity levels to prevent obesity in Native American communities are needed. Preliminary evidence from two formative school-based programs in the Southwest suggest that Native American communities are receptive to school-based interventions, and that such programs may be able to slow the rate of excess weight gain and to improve fitness in school children. Because of the cultural diversity among Native Americans, future studies should focus on collecting community- and region-specific data, and should emphasize the need for obesity prevention through culturally appropriate community- and school-based behavioral interventions.
 ...
PMID:Toward comprehensive obesity prevention programs in Native American communities. 858 89

A random door knock survey was conducted in five metropolitan postcode areas with a high proportion of low-income households to establish: 1. the health problems experienced by women, 2. the problems with which women would have liked more help, and 3. women's perceptions of how their health care experiences might have been improved. In all, 214 women were interviewed. Across all age groups the most common problems were tiredness, premenstrual syndrome, stress, being overweight and disturbed sleep. Premenstrual syndrome, tiredness and arthritis were the most commonly experienced problems among younger, middle-aged and older women respectively. In general, women were satisfied with the help available to them for their health problems, but one in five would have liked more help to cope with stress, and one in six said they would like help to address the issue of quality of medical care. In relation to health care services, suggestions for improvement included the provision of better health information from doctors and other health care professionals, and more opportunities for counselling and self-help. The project findings will be used to influence the development of local policies and services, and will form the focus for local women's health promotion programs.
 ...
PMID:Women's health: consumer views for planning local health promotion and health care priorities. 879 89

The prevalence of allergy, lung function disorders, and bronchial hyperreactivity was studied in 102 Dutch veterinarians, subdivided into five professional groups (predominantly working with either swine, cattle, poultry, companion animals, or as a non-practitioner). The mean age of the participants was 43 years; 6 participants were females. Twenty-two per cent of the participants were overweight, and relatively more non-practitioners than practitioners were overweight. Approximately 23% of the vets reported complaints of prolonged fatigue. The data suggest a relationship between complaints of prolonged fatigue and a more than average number of daily working hours. Only a small proportion of vets were sensitized against several allergens. There were no significant differences in prevalence of distinct lung function disorders or bronchial hyperreactivity between professional groups. It is hypothesized that the respiratory complaints (chronic coughing, chronic phlegm production, stuffed nose, sneezing) reported by the vets predominantly working in swine and/or poultry practice could be caused by irritation and/or inflammation of the first part of the trachea-bronchial tree that has no measurable and permanent consequences for changes in lung function or increased bronchial hyperreactivity. The results of a skin test against allergens and determination of allergen-specific IgE in blood indicated that the respiratory complaints were probably not related to allergy against the panel of allergens tested.
 ...
PMID:Veterinary practice and occupational health. An epidemiological study of several professional groups of Dutch veterinarians. I. General physical examination and prevalence of allergy, lung function disorders, and bronchial hyperreactivity. 897 59

Dexfenfluramine increases serotonergic activity by stimulating serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) release into brain synapses, inhibiting its reuptake into presynaptic neurons and by directly stimulating postsynaptic serotonin receptors. On the basis of the serotonin hypothesis of appetite control, these actions would be expected to reduce appetite and, consequently, bodyweight. Studies conducted in animals and in overweight patients with and without associated disorders have confirmed the weight-reducing efficacy and good tolerability of dexfenfluramine. In 3-month clinical studies in obese patients, weight reductions with dexfenfluramine 15mg twice daily combined with dietary support were significantly higher than those achieved with placebo and similar to those with ephedrine/caffeine 20/20mg 3 times daily, sibutramine 10mg once daily and fluoxetine 60 mg/day. Furthermore, dexfenfluramine recipients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia or hypertension consistently show improvements in glycaemic control, blood lipid profiles and blood pressure. 12-month trial results indicate that most weight loss occurs in the initial 6 months and appears to be maintained for a further 6 months. Weight regain after withdrawal of treatment in 12-month studies demonstrates that dexfenfluramine is effective in maintaining a stable bodyweight at a lower level than placebo and in limiting food intake over this time period. Commonly reported adverse events with dexfenfluramine include diarrhoea, tiredness, dry mouth and somnolence; these symptoms are generally mild and transient. Approximately 7 and 10% of dexfenfluramine recipients in short and long term studies withdrew because of adverse events. Dexfenfluramine was better tolerated than ephedrine/caffeine and fluoxetine in short term studies. Obesity is a chronic condition that is accompanied by a number of metabolic complications. It is a significant health problem in developed countries, and as a major risk factor for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the economic burden of this condition is considerable. As with other chronic conditions, there is a role for pharmacological intervention in patients with severe obesity. However, drugs should be considered as only one component of a weight-control programme, since additional lifestyle modification is required to maintain weight loss. The promising data on the long term efficacy and tolerability of dexfenfluramine as well as its favourable effects on risk factors associated with obesity requires confirmation in long term studies. In the meantime, dexfenfluramine should be considered a valuable adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet in the management of severe obesity, particularly in patients with associated disorders and those unsuccessful with conventional weight loss measures. Available data support the use of the drug for up to 1 year to maintain weight loss and thus dexfenfluramine should be considered for long term administration.
 ...
PMID:Dexfenfluramine. An updated review of its therapeutic use in the management of obesity. 911 19

From a database of 4,129 patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), we found 207 subjects (43 women) that still complained of daytime tiredness, fatigue, and/or sleepiness despite treatment. In 25 subjects the sleepiness developed 1 to 36 months following treatment and was related to noncompliance (8 subjects), significant weight increase and/or inappropriate treatment (10 subjects), or development of new medical problems (7 subjects). In the remaining 182 subjects, sleepiness was noted within 1 month after what was judged appropriate treatment for SDB. In this group, the reason for persistent complaint was divided into four categories: 1) inappropriate treatment as a result of not using the measurement of esophageal pressure (Pes) in the initial diagnosis (41 subjects), 2) nonfunctional treatment (3 subjects), 3) associated narcolepsy-like syndrome (2 subjects), and 4) emergence of obesity and/or periodic leg movements as significant factors (135 subjects). The 135 subjects in this last category could be subdivided into three subgroups: 1) younger subjects, severely overweight with lower mean nocturnal saturated arterial oxygen (SaO2) values; 2) older subjects, of normal weight, with high numbers of periodic leg movements (PLM); and 3) moderately overweight subjects, with a combination of PLM and lower mean SaO2 values than expected. Treatments were aimed at eliminating the identified problems; they included standard medications for PLM and nasal bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) for low SaO2 measurements. These treatments were not effective in specific cases, and stimulant medications had to be prescribed.
 ...
PMID:Tiredness and somnolence despite initial treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (what to do when an OSAS patient stays hypersomnolent despite treatment). 912 68

Factors having a potential effect on adolescents' use of and satisfaction with postpartum contraceptive methods were assessed in three focus groups involving 22 adolescent mothers of an infant under 12 months of age recruited from a Minnesota (US) clinic specializing in the prenatal and postpartum care of adolescent women. The average age of study participants was 17 years (range, 13-19 years). All adolescents chose to use contraception after delivery. 16 (73%) were using Depo-Provera, 3 were using oral contraceptives, and 3 were using condoms/foam. Most Depo-Provera users made their decision to accept this method with their prenatal care provider during pregnancy. Many had taken the pill at some point, but reported it was hard for them to take it every day. Despite concerns about side effects (especially increased hunger/weight gain and irregular menstrual bleeding), adolescent Depo-Provera acceptors preferred this method because it did not require daily compliance. 16 women (73%) considered themselves overweight, and they attributed this to both their pregnancy weight gain and their contraceptive method. Skepticism regarding their ability to lose weight through healthy eating and exercise was widespread. However, the desire to prevent another pregnancy through use of an effective method such as Depo-Provera was stronger than the desire to return to one's pre-pregnancy body weight. Overall, these adolescent mothers seemed resigned about their inability as a result of the demands of motherhood to resolve their malaise, fatigue, and sense of not being physically fit. These findings suggest a need for effective weight management and health-promoting programs for adolescent mothers that take into account their multiple role demands and generally limited financial resources.
 ...
PMID:Adolescent satisfaction with postpartum contraception and body weight concerns. 962 14

Massive overweight is an increasing health problem and underlies several complications which in turn result in premature death. The mechanisms underlying the imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, that lead to obesity in humans, are still only partly understood. In rodents, heat generation and the burning of calories by the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) are important for metabolic control. However, UCP1 is exclusively expressed in brown fat which is only present in limited amounts in human adults. The recent characterization of two new uncoupling proteins, UCP2 and UCP3, may elucidate potentially important pathways for energy expenditure regulation in man. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity is accompanied by aberrations in UCP2 and UCP3 regulation. Expression of these two genes was examined using in situ hybridization in six lean and six obese, but otherwise healthy, men. The UCP2 expression was decreased by 28 % (p = 0.001) in the abdominal muscle of the obese subjects. No differences in UCP3 expression were observed between obese and control subjects, although there was great variation in the expression between subjects. In conclusion, these data suggest an impaired activity of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2, but probably not UCP3, in obese subjects. This may result in decreased energy expenditure and contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity.
 ...
PMID:Reduced gene expression of UCP2 but not UCP3 in skeletal muscle of human obese subjects. 972 96

To evaluate the weight reducing effect of fluoxetine on steroid-induced obesity, we conducted an open, clinical intervention study of 20-40 mg/day fluoxetine, 24 weeks duration. Thirteen myasthenia gravis, overweight, long-term steroid-treated patients [age: 31-59, body mass index (BMI): 29-54 kg/m2] were included. Measurements of weight, BMI, and routine laboratory tests, were undertaken at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Muscle strength and fatigue parameters were assessed at 4 week intervals. Fluoxetine induced mean weight loss of 7.7+/-2.6 kg and 10.3+/-2.9 kg over a period of 12 and 24 weeks respectively, (P<0.05). Mean BMI decreased from 35.8 to 32.2 kg/m2 over the study period. No significant side effects were noted. We conclude that patients suffering from steroid-induced obesity respond to fluoxetine treatment of overweight by significant weight loss.
 ...
PMID:Fluoxetine treatment for weight reduction in steroid-induced obesity: a pilot study in myasthenia gravis patients. 1008 36

A 6-wk, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was done to ascertain the effects of pyruvate supplementation (6 g/d) on body weight, body composition, and vigor and fatigue levels in healthy overweight Caucasian men and women. Twenty-six individuals were randomly assigned to a placebo group (seven men, seven women) and a pyruvate-supplemented group (three men, nine women). In addition, all subjects participated in a 3 d/wk exercise program, which consisted of a 45-60 min aerobic/anaerobic routine. After 6 wk of treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in body weight (-1.2 kg, P<0.001), body fat (-2.5 kg, P<0.001), and percent body fat (23.0% pre versus 20.3% 6 wk post) in the pyruvate group. Furthermore, Profile of Mood States fatigue and vigor scores improved significantly for the pyruvate group (P<0.05) at 6 wk (vigor) and 4 and 6 wk (fatigue). There was no significant change in total lean body mass in the pyruvate group. The placebo group demonstrated a significant increase (P<0.05) for POMS vigor at 2 and 4 wk with no changes occurring in any of the remaining parameters measured. Thus, the ingestion of 6 g of pyruvate for 6 wk, in conjunction with mild physical activity, resulted in a significant decrease in body weight and fat mass.
 ...
PMID:The effects of pyruvate supplementation on body composition in overweight individuals. 1035 44


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>