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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Animal studies suggest that pulmonary oxygen toxicity proceeds more slowly in diluted oxygen breathing mixtures than in pure oxygen at the same inspired partial pressure. We exposed 12 healthy subjects to air at 5 ATA (PiO2 = 1.05 ATA) in a hyperbaric chamber for 48 h, and compared the rate of development of symptoms of O2 toxicity to rates seen in previous studies using 100% O2 at 1 ATA. Symptoms consisted of chest tightness, cough, substernal discomfort, exertional dyspnea, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache and digital paresthesias starting at about 12 h, and continuing several days into the recovery period. Pulmonary function changes consisted of significant decrements in vital capacity, flow rates, and DLCO. Initial recovery was in a 0.50 ATA oxygen atmosphere, with the majority of subjects showing definite recovery in both symptoms and pulmonary function. Subjects showed complete recovery in about 8 d, although symptoms of fatigue and exertional dyspnea continued for a month in some cases. In contrast, none of the above changes were noted in an additional 6 subjects exposed to a 5 ATA environment with 6% oxygen (PiO2 = 0.30 ATA). No change in resting gas exchange, as indicated by alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients, was detected in either group. Comparison of these data to that for pure oxygen studies reveals no significant difference in the progression or character of pulmonary oxygen toxicity.
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PMID:Progression of and recovery from pulmonary oxygen toxicity in humans exposed to 5 ATA air. 361 41

A nationwide survey of workers using videodisplay terminals (VDT) was conducted and the data of various health complaints were compiled for a total of 5,097 VDT workers in 23 types of enterprises. Various symptoms or complaints were classified into transient and persistent groups, and attempts were made to determine their causal factors in the working conditions. In the transient complaint group, complaints of the visual function were the most frequent, followed by musculoskeletal and neuropsychological complaints; this indicated that visual loads from the VDT screen and musculoskeletal loads from a fixed working posture constituted the major causes of the complaints. Troublesome factors for the VDT work mainly embraced characteristics of the VDT screen, such as reflection of light, inadequate brightness and blurred margin of the letters, etc, and the arrangement of VDT, documents and keyboards. In the persistent complaint group, neuropsychological complaints appeared most frequently followed by complaints of the visual function and general body discomfort or fatigue. Mental attitude and motivation to the VDT work diverged, at a similar incidence, into two opposite groups, ie, interesting and bored. The complaints of various categories, ie, visual, musculoskeletal, neuropsychological and general body fatigue, were correlated with the working conditions: environmental conditions played a major role in the manifestation of these complaints. On the basis of these analyses, preferable measures were proposed to reduce complaints among VDT workers.
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PMID:Visual, musculoskeletal and neuropsychological health complaints of workers using videodisplay terminal and an occupational health guideline. 362 75

To assess perceived changes in intimacy and sexuality in postpartum couples, an Intimate Relationship Scale was developed, tested for reliability (alpha = 0.86), and administered by mail. Sixty-eight, middle-class couples responded at four months postpartum and 126 couples at 12 months postpartum. Data revealed declines in the frequency of and desire for sexual activity, especially for mothers, when compared to sexual activity before the infant's birth. At four months postpartum, most women reported physical discomfort with sexual intercourse, a decline in physical strength, dissatisfaction with bodily appearance, and fatigue which interfered with sex. Strategies and techniques to promote and maintain intimacy and sexuality in postpartum couples are suggested to assist their transition to parenthood and may positively influence parenting behaviors.
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PMID:Changes in sexual relationships in postpartum couples. 363 3

Parenthood by design involves realistic preparation for practical aspects of parenting as well as the romantic illusions fostered by relatives, social pressure, and the media. The ideals do not mention the physical discomfort, exhaustion, jealousy, anger and frustration encountered in a normal puerperium. Many women have not returned to normal sexual activity, work and sports even by 6 weeks after delivery. Perineal discomfort is still experienced by 70% after 10 days, especially in cases of assisted vaginal delivery. Urinary incontinence is present in 20% up to 3 months after normal vaginal delivery. Many women report fatigue as the reason for not resuming sexual intercourse. Family interactions are stressed by the newcomer: rivalry on the part of the husband or siblings is common. Modern education in the attempt to train people for vocational competence has left out parenting. In England, midwives teach classes of 20 women for 5 contact hours in late pregnancy, and are expected to cover all aspects of pregnancy, labor, delivery, baby care, postnatal adjustment and support services. The schools have sex education, fostering freedom in life styles for young people, but little emphasis on responsibility. There are some community organizations such as the La Leche League, the National Childbirth Trust and the Meet-A-Mum Association that offer support during and after pregnancy. Accidental pregnancy with education as crisis intervention is inadequate for the future; parenthood by design would permit couples to experience parenthood as a period of growth based on a fuller understanding of practical reality.
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PMID:Parenthood by design. 363 45

The pattern of newborn handling by 36 cesarean-delivered women and 36 vaginally delivered women was studied during their infants' first postpartum bedside visit. The research hypothesis predicted that the initial pattern of handling newborn infants would be different for the two groups of mothers. However, the pattern was found to be similar for the time it took both groups to initiate using their fingers, palms, arms, and trunks, as well as the sequence of use of these body parts, although neither group followed the sequence of handling reported in the bonding literature. The two groups did differ in the frequency and amount of handling of the infants: the cesarean mothers handled their infants significantly less, possibly due to the effects of fatigue and discomfort. In addition, the presence of the infant's father in the cesarean group had a significant effect of decreasing the frequency and amount of maternal handling. No such effect was found in the vaginally delivered group.
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PMID:Initial handling of newborn infants by vaginally and cesarean-delivered mothers. 363 10

Clinical studies were prospectively conducted to quantitate the toxic side-effects of 5-FU administered by either the intravenous (i.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. Sixty-six patients were treated following resection of a primary large bowel cancer after randomization to receive 5-FU by i.p. or i.v. routes. In both groups of patients, the dose of drug was increased a fixed amount until a toxic response occurred. At this point, the dose of drug was maintained or reduced in an attempt to complete 12 monthly treatment cycles of chemotherapy. The overall mean dose of drug administered by the i.p. route (1,479 mg) was significantly greater than given i.v. (1,019 mg), as it was for each treatment cycle. The primary adverse side-effect, resulting in drug dose stabilization or reduction, was leukocyte suppression of i.v. 5-FU or physical symptoms (abdominal pain or discomfort) for i.p. 5-FU (p2 = 0.0006 and p2 = 0.0318, respectively). The most frequent symptom reported by all patients was fatigue. Even though i.v. 5-FU dose was titrated to reduce toxicity, the nadir leukocyte count was suppressed over all cycles. The total numbers of immediate and delayed serious complications that resulted from i.v. or i.p. 5-FU were similar, although the nature of these complications differed markedly between the two routes of drug administration. Failure to complete 5-FU chemotherapy was significantly more common if patients received i.v. 5-FU plus pelvic irradiation. These studies indicate that intraperitoneal 5-FU administration decreases systemic drug effects even when the i.p. drug dose is increased to cause local toxicity.
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PMID:Toxicity studies of adjuvant intravenous versus intraperitoneal 5-FU in patients with advanced primary colon or rectal cancer. 377 3

Objective techniques for assessing trunk musculature with respect to fatigue-related characteristics do not exist. Based on work that relates frequency spectral shift in myoelectric signals to muscular fatigue at other body sites, a study was carried out to investigate and evaluate strategies for application of these techniques to the lumbar musculature. Through evolution of test administration procedures to reduce test time and discomfort as well as data interpretation methods to account for interindividual variability observed in data, an approach was developed for objective measurement of fatigue rate. While abdominal and lumbar muscle groups were assessed in 40 healthy subjects with results presented for 50% and 100% maximum voluntary contraction load levels, the methodology is discussed with emphasis on erector spinae results. The approach involves a normal function fatigue plot. The plot relates fatigue rate as measured by myoelectric spectral characteristics to muscle load normalized by body weight and is independent of the maximum voluntary contraction concept. This relationship forms the basis of comparison of the measured fatigue rate for a subject with questionable function to expected normal values determined from the plot, given the measured load level.
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PMID:Myoelectric spectral analysis and strategies for quantifying trunk muscular fatigue. 381 55

Subjects who do monotonous and repetitive work in a sitting position often complain of discomfort and soreness in the neck and shoulder regions. Twenty-five subjects had electromyographic examinations of the deltoid, infraspinatus, and trapezius muscles. The recordings were performed eight times throughout a whole workday. In a questionnaire administered before the examinations, 16% of the subjects had reported pain in the neck only, 8% pain in the shoulders only, and 48% pain in both areas. The muscle activity was analyzed by means of the amplitude distribution probability function. The results showed high static contraction levels in the deltoid, infraspinatus, and trapezius muscles and high medium contraction levels of the infraspinatus and trapezius muscles, but acceptable maximum contraction levels for all three muscles. The activity levels did not change during the day and showed no differences related to age or sex. The decrease in mean power frequency during a 2-min contraction sustained at 20% of the maximal voluntary contraction was the same in the morning and in the afternoon. Although the electrical activity in the muscles indicates a high degree of muscle activity, there was no change during the day, ie, no sign of muscle fatigue.
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PMID:Muscle activity and fatigue in the shoulder muscles of assembly-plant employees. 382 6

Previous research by the authors has pointed to depressive reactions among orthognathic surgery patients during the fixation-removal stage and up to 9 months later. However, less is known about emotional shifts among persons who choose to undergo conventional orthodontic treatment after considering surgical orthodontics. In the current study, a standard measure of mood states was applied to 90 surgical patients and 66 who had considered surgery but decided against it. Of these, 33 were undergoing orthodontic treatment and 33 were having no treatment. The mood scale and measures of personality were first applied before surgery and then during orthodontic treatment, just after surgery, at fixation removal, and 6 months after surgery. Nonsurgical respondents completed questionnaires at the same time as their matched surgical respondents. Scores on tension and fatigue increased significantly among surgical patients from before surgery to immediately after surgery and dropped to presurgical levels when fixation was removed. Anger-hostility increased at fixation removal but declined within 5 months. Postsurgical discomfort, pain, and paresthesia, and interpersonal and oral function problems were correlated with postsurgery emotional state. On the later questionnaires, which corresponded to the later periods of orthodontic treatment, patients who had opted for conventional orthodontic treatment reported that they experienced greater depression, anger, and tension. These patients may be particularly vulnerable to emotional problems because their orthodontic treatment may be more complex and of longer duration than that of the typical orthodontic patient. These results point to the importance of continued psychological support for both orthodontic and surgical patients throughout their course of treatment.
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PMID:The emotional impact of orthognathic surgery and conventional orthodontics. 386 45

The treatments of mild hypertension with atenolol and prazosin in occupationally active men and women were compared in a double blind cross-over with placebo. The hypotensive effect of the beta-adreno-receptor blocking drug, atenolol, were striking and in accordance with current knowledge, using one daily dose of 100 mg. In contrast, the hypotensive effect of taking 2 mg prazosin twice a day was modest, averaging about 3% when compared with placebo, somewhat less but still detectable during the performance of muscular exercises. Atenolol medication significantly reduced heart rate and blood pressure responses to muscular exercises, covering a range of work loads experienced during ordinary working days. No increased feeling of muscular fatigue or other discomfort during muscular work compared to that on prazosin and placebo medication could be detected. It was therefore concluded that atenolol medication was a useful treatment of mild hypertension and did not reduce the normal working ability and exercise tolerance. Prazosin medication did not significantly change working ability and exercise tolerance.
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PMID:Working ability and exercise tolerance during treatment of mild hypertension. II. A comparison between atenolol and prazosin medication. 389 71


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