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 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rate of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) in the total pulmonary mycobacteriosis has been continuously increasing. While M. avium complex is the most common cause of NTM, there are a few case reports of pulmonary infection due to M. szulgai. We described two cases of pulmonary NTM caused by M. szulgai. A 75-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea on effort, and productive cough. A chest X-ray showed an infiltrative shadow with cavity in the right upper lobe. A sputum smear for mycobacteria was positive, and a culture grew M. szulgai which was identified by DNA-DNA hybridization. He was treated with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. His symptoms and CT and X-ray findings improved, and his sputum smear and culture converted to negative for mycobacteria. Second case was a 73-year-old male who had previously been diagnosed as MAC and pulmonary aspergillosis, and had been treated with antituberculous and antifungal drugs. He was readmitted to our hospital, because of general fatigue and hemoptysis. A chest X-ray revealed a consolidation with bronchiectasis and cavity in the both upper lung fields. A sptum smear for mycobacteria was positive, and a grown culture was identified as M. szulgai. He was treated with rifampicin, ethambutol and kanamycin based on the results of susceptibility testing. After 3 months of this treatment his sputum smear and culture converted to negative for mycobacteria, and his symptoms, and CT and X-ray findings improved.
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PMID:[Two cases of Mycobacterium szulgai pulmonary disease in the elderly]. 1608 51

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology which affects most frequently the hilar lymph nodes and lungs. Symptomatic involvement of the central nervous system may develop in patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis or it may be the initial manifestation of the disease. This is a case report of 48-year old female patient admitted to our clinic for evaluation of working ability. The patient had a total of 24 years of service and occupational exposure and she has been employed as supplies procurement officer. On admission, she complained of the following discomforts: eye-lid pain, intellectual fatigue, psychic uneasiness, forgetfulness, dyspnea and productive cough. Neurological findings indicated the presence of the right eye ophthalmoplegia, psychoorganic syndrome and neurosarcoidosis. Ophthalmological examination evidenced bilateral ptosis and presence of anisocoria. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed discrete focal lesions of the pons (paracentral left) and parietal corona radiata of the left hemisphere. Based on performed examinations and diagnostics procedures, final evaluation of patient's working ability concluded that the patient was not capable of psychic strains and jobs associated with material accountability.
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PMID:[Work ability evaluation in neurosarcoidosis--a case report]. 1697 13

Bronchiectasis is generally classified into cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. This review article describes non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults. Bronchiectasis can be considered a heterogeneous condition characterized by irreversible airway dilatation with chronic bronchial infection/inflammation. It remains a common condition and is a major cause of respiratory morbidity. Many factors are associated with bronchiectasis, but most commonly patients will have idiopathic disease. Important clinical findings include chronic productive cough, rhinosinusitis, fatigue and bi-basal crackles. Patients have usually had symptoms for many years. Diagnosis is confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography scanning using standardized criteria. Spirometry shows moderate airflow obstruction and there is a high prevalence of bronchial hyperreactivity. The most common pathogens are non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There may be considerable overlap with other chronic airway diseases. Treatment regimens are still not well defined. Patients tend to have ongoing symptoms and decline in respiratory function despite treatment.
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PMID:Bronchiectasis. 1731 49

We report the first case of pulmonary Corynebacterium ulcerans infection mimicking Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). Productive cough, fever, general fatigue, and weight loss developed in a 50-year-old man. Laboratory data revealed prominent eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE. On chest images, multiple nodules and cavities were predominantly detected in the right lung. Histopathologic examination showed necrotizing granulomas and vasculitis with massive eosinophilic infiltration identical to the findings seen in CSS; however, clusters of Gram-positive, coryneform rods were observed in the alveolar spaces. A toxigenic strain of C ulcerans was isolated from lung tissue. The patient was treated with antibiotics, and a favorable clinical course ensued.
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PMID:Corynebacterium ulcerans infection of the lung mimicking the histology of Churg-Strauss syndrome. 1742 34

A female rheumatoid arthritis patient was admitted for productive cough and general fatigue that had gradually developed after leflunomide therapy. Side effects including severe hypoxia, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, and macrocytic anemia with schistocytes (probably drug-induced megaloblastic anemia) were noted. Leflunomide-eliminating cholestyramine therapy successfully treated all conditions excluding severe hypoxia, which occurred owing to deteriorating interstitial pneumonia and complicated bacterial pneumonia following antibiotic treatment. This is a rare case of leflunomide-associated multiple hematopoietic impairments.
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PMID:Pancytopenia, including macrocytic anemia, associated with leflunomide in a rheumatoid arthritis patient. 1792 40

Patient 1 was an 82-year-old woman without symptoms who had been admitted to the hospital because of abnormal shadows on a chest X ray film. The chest X ray showed a round opacity in the right middle lung field and air-space consolidation in the right lower lung field. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a nodular opacity with satellite lesions in the right middle lobe and bronchiectasis in the right middle lobe and left lingular segment. Bronchial lavage yielded Mycobacterium intracellulare. Patient 2 was the 77-year-old sister of Patient 1. She had productive cough and fatigue, and chest X ray films and CT scans showed air-space consolidation with a huge cavity in the left upper lobe. M. intracellulare was isolated repeatedly from sputum samples. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis disclosed similar large restriction fragment patterns of genomic DNA in 2 strains of the bacterium isolated from both sisters, indicating that the sisters had been infected by genetically close strains. Cross-infection or infection from the same environmental source were suspected.
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PMID:[Pulmonary infection induced by Mycobacterium intracellulare in 2 sisters: a biomolecular study of the isolates]. 1821 11

The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias are a heterogeneous group of diseases that have similar clinical symptoms. The new classification is based mainly on differences in histologic patterns, however high-resolution computed tomography is a significant tool that helps in making a firm diagnosis. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia is relatively rare form idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. It affects mainly men in their fourth or fifth decade of life who have a history of smoking. We report a case of 50-years-old man admitted to hospital for further diagnosis of prolonged bilateral pneumonia. His main complaints were fatigue, productive cough and subfebrile body temperature. Having performed additional diagnostic procedures including videothoracoscopy, what was in accordance with contemporary guidelines, we achieved a final diagnosis of desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids resulted in disease remission.
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PMID:[A patient with desquamative interstitial pneumonia as a rare case of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia]. 1884 35

Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in a non-household setting is difficult to detect, because contact with the source case is often not obvious. Here, we report on a case of a four-year-old child who got infected through sporadic non-household exposure at a coffee shop. The source case was a woman who had suffered from weight loss, productive cough and fatigue for two months before being diagnosed with TB. Screening the child s contacts revealed two active TB cases within its family. Overall 148 contacts were screened for both cases and 18 cases of latent TB infection detected. The connection between the child and the source case, who were not aware of their contact, was confirmed by molecular fingerprinting. Our case report illustrates the difficulty in detecting non-household transmission between individuals that do not have significant contact, and draws attention to the need to look for the infected adult whenever a child falls ill with TB. This report is a reminder of the importance to consider possibly neglected ways of TB transmission and highlights once again the need of early diagnosis of TB.
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PMID:Tuberculosis in a child - search for the infected adult nearby; case report, Portugal, 2007. 1975 40

A patient with a history of hypertension presented with worsening shortness of breath, fatigue, and productive cough with blood-tinged sputum. A continuous murmur was heard at the lower sternum and chest X-ray showed mild cardiomegaly. A dilated right atrium with moderately elevated pulmonary artery pressures was detected by transthoracic echocardiogram. Stress ECG did not reveal any inducible ischemia. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated an RCA aneurysm with fistula to the right atrium and a circumflex artery fistula to the right atrium, which were corrected by surgery.
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PMID:Heart failure due to coronary fistulas from the right and left coronary circulation into the right atrium. 1983 29

A 56-year-old male patient complaining of productive cough, hoarseness, and fatigue was found to have extensive disease of small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC), with staging of cT4N3M1(PUL). He was treated with chemotherapy. While undergoing treatment with chemotherapy, he complained of a right visual disturbance, and choroidal metastasis was diagnosed. Because the primary site responded well to chemotherapy alone and the visual disturbance did not worsen, the patient refused radiotherapy to the choroidal metastasis. Two months after the first diagnosis of the choroidal metastasis, while he was receiving the first treatment regimen for SCLC, the visual disturbance suddenly worsened; emergent radiotherapy was started, with a total dose of 40 Gy, given as 2.0 Gy/fraction per day. The visual disturbance never improved, and the patient lost 80% of his right visual field. Within 6 months of diagnosis, the patient became blind in his right eye. The patient died of septic shock related to treatment received during his third chemotherapy regimen. Choroidal metastasis is very rare with extraocular malignant tumors, though it is common with intraocular malignant tumors. Choroidal metastasis secondary to SCLC has a poor prognosis, but in order to maintain quality of life during the patients' remaining lifespan, aggressive treatment would appear appropriate for these patients, because SCLC is a chemo-sensitive cancer.
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PMID:Choroidal metastasis in a patient with small cell lung cancer discovered during treatment with chemotherapy. 1996 93


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