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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We used transdiaphragmatic peak twitch tension (PTT) elicited by bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation to ascertain whether low-frequency (LF) diaphragmatic fatigue (DF) can be induced in spontaneously breathing humans by a combination of an inspiratory resistive load (IRL) and graded treadmill exercise (GXT). Our subjects were 10 young males with normal cardiopulmonary function. Before exercise we measured PTT in each subject by administering supramaximal electrical pulses of 100-microseconds duration at a frequency of 1 Hz to each phrenic nerve with the subjects breath holding at functional residual capacity at a given thoracoabdominal configuration. A minimum of six satisfactory PTT measurements were made in each subject, and we computed the 95% confidence limits (CL) for each subject. The subjects then inspired through a resistive load of 38 cmH2O.1(-1).s-1 while carrying out the GXT until exhaustion. After the GXT, PTT was remeasured in all subjects. In five of the subjects, the post-GXT mean PTT fell below the 95% CL of the pre-GXT mean PTT. However, post-GXT PTT means for the other five subjects were within the 95% CL of the pre-GXT means. In conclusion, using PTT as a measure of LFDF, these results demonstrate that LFDF can be produced in 50% of spontaneously breathing young normal males.
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PMID:Low-frequency diaphragmatic fatigue in spontaneously breathing humans. 337 25

The parameters of fatigue have been studied in recent years in relation to women's health and the childbearing period. Less research emphasis has been placed on second stage labor, a period of time that can encompass considerable physiologic and psychologic fatigue. Consideration to minimizing second stage labor fatigue by altering conventional support practices is needed. This includes minimizing long periods of strong pushing or bearing down efforts in conjunction with sustained breath holding, particularly for women receiving epidural anesthesia. The potential sequelae of second stage labor fatigue, recommendations for practice changes, and new research directions are discussed.
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PMID:Maternal fatigue: implications of second stage labor nursing care. 1050 70

The alteration of lung volumes in swimmers performing different strokes was the theme of the present study. The study was carried out due to lack of knowledge regarding the lung volumes of different strokers. As the energy expenditure, O2 consumption rate, body movements, viz. arm and leg movements differ with each stroke, the lung function status and mechanics of breathing in swimmers has to cope up with the stroke techniques. Lung volumes, viz. VC, FVC, FEV1 and RVind decrease from resting condition to after swimming performance in freestyle swimmers and butterfly stroke swimmers. The primary reason for the decline in lung volumes after exercise bout, found out from several reports is that it may be due to the fatigue of respiratory muscle. When lung volumes of different swimming strokers were compared with age and height matched controls a higher lung volume were observed in swimmers performing different strokes. Higher breath holding ability of swimmers may facilitate the increase in the strength of respiratory musculature. This may have lead to higher lung volumes in swimmers. From the results of different strokers of swimmers, it is clear that lung volumes differ with respect to the stroke technique employed by the swimmer. Here the age and height, training duration of the swimmers performing different strokes were almost matched, so it is more or less clear that lung volumes are influenced by different swarming strokes. The results of the study can be utilised for the selection trials of swimmers. The study outlines the need for research work in swimmers to be more specific with regard to strokes than generalizing swimmers of different strokes as a category together.
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PMID:Lung volumes in swimmers performing different styles of swimming. 1202 93

The goal of the investigation was the estimation of functional condition of anthropometrical, physical and cardiovascular system of sportsmen-basketball players against the background of high physical loading. 100 basketball players at the age from 12 till 18 years underlay the study. Randomized and open controllable research was carried out during 6 months. The following characteristics have been studied: how many days the sportsman is training in a week, how many hours the sportsman is training per day, his mood after training, over fatigue and overtension, frequency of heartbeat, time of breath holding, the general condition, the height in sitting and standing position; circumference of lumbus, chest, arm and limbs, the pulse, pulse, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure before and after physical loading. According to these factors the following sport indices are calculated: Index of Rufe (physical work capacity), the coefficient of endurance (Kvas formula), Shtange test (breath holding at sighing), Genchi test (breath holding at exhalation), average arterial pressure, systolic and cardiac output of blood circulation (the formula of Lilienstrad and Tsander), the coefficient of blood circulation effectiveness, Ketle index (the ratio of height and weight), Minuvre index (the ratio of body and feet length), Pinie index (power of body-build). Statistically authentic increase of breath and pulse in frequency was observed in sportsmen-basketball players after physical loading. The study of amplitude parameters of cardiac cycle among sportsmen-basketball players before and after physical loading has revealed the ability of rather low adaptation of cardiovascular system to physical loading.
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PMID:Assessment of anthropological, physical and functional indices in sportsmen (basketball players) against the background of high physical loading. 2187 48

Diving exposes a person to the combined effects of increased ambient pressure and immersion. The reduction in pressure when surfacing can precipitate decompression sickness (DCS), caused by bubble formation within tissues due to inert gas supersaturation. Arterial gas embolism (AGE) can also occur due to pulmonary barotrauma as a result of breath holding during ascent or gas trapping due to disease, causing lung hyperexpansion, rupture and direct entry of alveolar gas into the blood. Bubble disease due to either DCS or AGE is collectively known as decompression illness. Tissue and intravascular bubbles can induce a cascade of events resulting in CNS injury. Manifestations of decompression illness can vary in severity, from mild (paresthesias, joint pains, fatigue) to severe (vertigo, hearing loss, paraplegia, quadriplegia). Particularly as these conditions are uncommon, early recognition is essential to provide appropriate management, consisting of first aid oxygen, targeted fluid resuscitation and hyperbaric oxygen, which is the definitive treatment. Less common neurologic conditions that do not require hyperbaric oxygen include rupture of a labyrinthine window due to inadequate equalization of middle ear pressure during descent, which can precipitate vertigo and hearing loss. Sinus and middle ear overpressurization during ascent can compress the trigeminal and facial nerves respectively, causing temporary facial hypesthesia and lower motor neuron facial weakness. Some conditions preclude safe diving, such as seizure disorders, since a convulsion underwater is likely to be fatal. Preventive measures to reduce neurologic complications of diving include exclusion of individuals with specific medical conditions and safe diving procedures, particularly related to descent and ascent.
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PMID:Neurology and diving. 2436 63