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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Objective techniques for assessing trunk musculature with respect to fatigue-related characteristics do not exist. Based on work that relates frequency spectral shift in myoelectric signals to muscular fatigue at other body sites, a study was carried out to investigate and evaluate strategies for application of these techniques to the lumbar musculature. Through evolution of test administration procedures to reduce test time and discomfort as well as data interpretation methods to account for interindividual variability observed in data, an approach was developed for objective measurement of fatigue rate. While abdominal and lumbar muscle groups were assessed in 40 healthy subjects with results presented for 50% and 100% maximum voluntary contraction load levels, the methodology is discussed with emphasis on erector spinae results. The approach involves a normal function fatigue plot. The plot relates fatigue rate as measured by myoelectric spectral characteristics to muscle load normalized by body weight and is independent of the maximum voluntary contraction concept. This relationship forms the basis of comparison of the measured fatigue rate for a subject with questionable function to expected normal values determined from the plot, given the measured load level.
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PMID:Myoelectric spectral analysis and strategies for quantifying trunk muscular fatigue. 381 55

Subjects who do monotonous and repetitive work in a sitting position often complain of discomfort and soreness in the neck and shoulder regions. Twenty-five subjects had electromyographic examinations of the deltoid, infraspinatus, and trapezius muscles. The recordings were performed eight times throughout a whole workday. In a questionnaire administered before the examinations, 16% of the subjects had reported pain in the neck only, 8% pain in the shoulders only, and 48% pain in both areas. The muscle activity was analyzed by means of the amplitude distribution probability function. The results showed high static contraction levels in the deltoid, infraspinatus, and trapezius muscles and high medium contraction levels of the infraspinatus and trapezius muscles, but acceptable maximum contraction levels for all three muscles. The activity levels did not change during the day and showed no differences related to age or sex. The decrease in mean power frequency during a 2-min contraction sustained at 20% of the maximal voluntary contraction was the same in the morning and in the afternoon. Although the electrical activity in the muscles indicates a high degree of muscle activity, there was no change during the day, ie, no sign of muscle fatigue.
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PMID:Muscle activity and fatigue in the shoulder muscles of assembly-plant employees. 382 6

Previous research by the authors has pointed to depressive reactions among orthognathic surgery patients during the fixation-removal stage and up to 9 months later. However, less is known about emotional shifts among persons who choose to undergo conventional orthodontic treatment after considering surgical orthodontics. In the current study, a standard measure of mood states was applied to 90 surgical patients and 66 who had considered surgery but decided against it. Of these, 33 were undergoing orthodontic treatment and 33 were having no treatment. The mood scale and measures of personality were first applied before surgery and then during orthodontic treatment, just after surgery, at fixation removal, and 6 months after surgery. Nonsurgical respondents completed questionnaires at the same time as their matched surgical respondents. Scores on tension and fatigue increased significantly among surgical patients from before surgery to immediately after surgery and dropped to presurgical levels when fixation was removed. Anger-hostility increased at fixation removal but declined within 5 months. Postsurgical discomfort, pain, and paresthesia, and interpersonal and oral function problems were correlated with postsurgery emotional state. On the later questionnaires, which corresponded to the later periods of orthodontic treatment, patients who had opted for conventional orthodontic treatment reported that they experienced greater depression, anger, and tension. These patients may be particularly vulnerable to emotional problems because their orthodontic treatment may be more complex and of longer duration than that of the typical orthodontic patient. These results point to the importance of continued psychological support for both orthodontic and surgical patients throughout their course of treatment.
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PMID:The emotional impact of orthognathic surgery and conventional orthodontics. 386 45

The treatments of mild hypertension with atenolol and prazosin in occupationally active men and women were compared in a double blind cross-over with placebo. The hypotensive effect of the beta-adreno-receptor blocking drug, atenolol, were striking and in accordance with current knowledge, using one daily dose of 100 mg. In contrast, the hypotensive effect of taking 2 mg prazosin twice a day was modest, averaging about 3% when compared with placebo, somewhat less but still detectable during the performance of muscular exercises. Atenolol medication significantly reduced heart rate and blood pressure responses to muscular exercises, covering a range of work loads experienced during ordinary working days. No increased feeling of muscular fatigue or other discomfort during muscular work compared to that on prazosin and placebo medication could be detected. It was therefore concluded that atenolol medication was a useful treatment of mild hypertension and did not reduce the normal working ability and exercise tolerance. Prazosin medication did not significantly change working ability and exercise tolerance.
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PMID:Working ability and exercise tolerance during treatment of mild hypertension. II. A comparison between atenolol and prazosin medication. 389 71

Transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and the rate of relaxation of the diaphragm (tau) were measured at functional residual capacity (FRC) in six normal seated subjects during single-twitch stimulation of both phrenic nerves. The latter were stimulated supramaximally with needle electrodes with square-wave impulses of 0.1-ms duration at 1 Hz before and after diaphragmatic fatigue produced by resistive loaded breathing. Constancy of chest wall configuration was achieved by monitoring the diameter of the abdomen and the rib cage with a respiratory inductive plethysmograph system. During control the peak Pdi generated during the phrenic stimulation amounted to 34.4 +/- 4.2 (SE) cmH2O and represented in each subject a fixed fraction (17%) of its maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure. After diaphragmatic fatigue the peak Pdi decreased by an average of 45%, amounting to 18.1 +/- 2.7 cmH2O 5 min after the fatigue run, and tau increased from 55.2 +/- 9 ms during control to 77 +/- 8 ms 5 min after the fatigue run. The decrease in peak Pdi and the increase in tau observed after the fatigue run persisted throughout the 30 min of the recovery period studied, the peak Pdi amounting to 18.4 +/- 2.8 and 18.9 +/- 3.3 cmH2O and tau to 81.3 +/- 5.7 and 88.7 +/- 10 ms at 15 and 30 min after the end of the fatigue run, respectively. It is concluded that diaphragmatic fatigue can be detected in man by bilateral phrenic stimulation with needle electrodes without any discomfort for the subject and that the decrease in diaphragmatic strength after fatigue is long lasting.
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PMID:Bilateral phrenic stimulation: a simple technique to assess diaphragmatic fatigue in humans. 396 23

Unilateral adrenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. A 66-year-old woman presented with epigastric discomfort and general fatigue. Abdominal CT scan revealed a homogeneous mass shadow in the right adrenal region. Findings of physical examination were normal except that the patient was obese. Hormonal data were in normal range. Adrenal scintiscanning demonstrated no RI uptake in the right adrenal gland. Right adrenalectomy was performed under the diagnosis of nonfunctioning tumor of the right adrenal gland. Histopathological examination, however, revealed typical tuberculosis with Langhans' type of giant cells and infiltrated lymphocytes. Of 322, 148 autopsies performed during the twelve years between 1970 and 1981 in Japan, 228 cases of adrenal tuberculosis were recognized. Furthermore, only 18 cases had tuberculous regions in the adrenal gland alone.
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PMID:[Tuberculosis of the contralateral adrenal gland: a case report]. 402 81

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects on driving ability of the new analgesic ethyl-N-(2-amino-6-(4-fluor-phenylmethylamino) pyridin-3-yl) carbamate (flupirtine, D 9998) in comparison with pentazocine and placebo. Flupirtine was tested in a double blind cross-over experiment in 12 healthy volunteers using 7 different tests which are known to correspond to the most important aspects of driving ability. Subjects were given 3 consecutive doses of flupirtine of 100 mg each and tested following the first and third administration. The comparison drug pentazocine and placebo were administered in the same dosage regimen (a single dose of pentazocine amounting to 50 mg). Significant differences between flupirtine and placebo could not be detected. Following single dosage of pentazocine subjects more often reported a general feeling of discomfort, including nausea, dizziness and motion sickness, than was the case after administration of flupirtine. While single administration of pentazocine did not produce any significant differences from placebo, multiple administration resulted in both objective and subjective fatigue symptoms. It was concluded that flupirtine, in contrast to pentazocine, did not produce any impairment in driving ability in healthy volunteers.
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PMID:[The effect of the analgesic flupirtine on automobile driving]. 403 55

The acute effects of toluene were studied in 43 male printers and 43 control subjects matched according to sex, age, educational level, and smoking habits. The mean age of the subjects was 36 (range 29-50) years. The printers had been exposed to solvents for 9 to 25 years during employment at flexo and rotogravure printing plants, while the controls had no history of solvent exposure. Each subject was exposed once in a climate chamber to either 100 ppm of toluene or clean air for 6.5 h preceded by a 1-h acclimatization period. The effects of toluene were measured from subjective votes with linear analogue rating scales on 16 items, and on the performance of 10 different tests measuring psychomotor skills, perceptual skills, and vigilance. Exposure to 100 ppm of toluene compared with exposure to clean air caused discomfort with complaints of low air quality, strong odor, fatigue, sleepiness, a feeling of intoxication, and irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Furthermore, the subjects exposed to toluene showed decreased manual dexterity, decreased color discrimination, and decreased accuracy in visual perception. There was no significant difference in the effects of toluene on printers compared to those of toluene on controls, but tendencies toward a greater sensitivity were seen for the printers in two tests.
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PMID:Response of solvent-exposed printers and unexposed controls to six-hour toluene exposure. 405 90

Recent review articles have confirmed that pleasure is a potent drive inducing forms of behavior adapted to physiological needs, especially in the case of temperature regulation and food-and-water intake. This point is accepted in the present article. The hypothesis of the usefulness of pleasure is pushed one step further by examining the results of experiments on conflicting motivations. In a conflict of fatigue vs thermal discomfort human subjects in a first series of sessions rated their fatigue and their thermal discomfort while walking on a treadmill placed in a climatic chamber. In further series of sessions the subjects could select either the treadmill slope or the ambient temperature. During these sessions the subjects behaved in such a way as to maximize the two-dimensional pleasure (or minimize the two-dimensional displeasure). Rats placed in a conflict of motivations of palatability vs cold discomfort behaved in a way that can also be interpreted as a tendency to maximize pleasure. It is therefore suggested that sensory pleasure is an incentive to useful behavior, and maximization of pleasure the answer to physiological conflicts.
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PMID:Preferring for pleasure. 406 61

We have reviewed the histories of 320 patients in whom a diagnosis of coronary heart disease was ultimately established and traced the symptoms back to their first appearance. In 51% the first symptom was effort angina. Difficulties in recognition arose when the symptom was localized to an unusual site, when its occurrence was dependent on a combination of exercise with cold or a recent meal, or when it was induced by excitement rather than by effort. In a quarter of the cases the onset of angina was abrupt, and in these there was usually evidence of acute infarction.In 43% of cases the first symptom was an attack of pain or discomfort in the torso occurring without any discernable precipitating factor. Again, diagnosis was difficult when the pain was in an atypical site and also when it was of brief duration associated with skeletal or abdominal disease which could cause pain at the same site, or if the patient was able to undertake strenuous exertion. In four patients cardiac pain was first experienced during a paroxysm of tachycardia. In 6% of cases the onset was marked by a symptom other than pain-most frequently dyspnoea, tiredness, faintness, or syncope.Clinical examination was of no direct value in diagnosis. Its importance lay in disclosing factors which had to be taken into account in interpreting the electrocardiogram. The electrocardiogram was invaluable, though by no means infallible. In over half of the patients the first tracing showed major abnormalities of coronary type, and nearly a quarter more showed minor S-T/T depression consistent with coronary disease. Ten per cent. showed miscellaneous abnormalities, such as left ventricular hypertrophy or bundle-branch block, and 15% no definite abnormality.There is as yet no completely reliable objective method of diagnosing early coronary heart disease, so that the recognition of symptoms remains of paramount importance.
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PMID:Earliest symptoms of coronary heart disease and their recognition. 502 16


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