Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Symptoms of depression in the majority of patients immediately following acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) resolve rapidly; they are an adjustment reaction. However, in a group of 552 male patients there were 80 (14.5%) patients with persistent major depressive symptoms during a finite period after AMI. Infarction size was assessed by maximum creatine kinase levels, the QRS-complex and the occurrence of late potentials. These measures did not correlate with the degree of depressed moods in these groups. An arrhythmic event in the early hospitalization phase, a recurrent infarction, dyspnoea, and persistent angina pectoris before the AMI were significantly related to more profound degrees of depression. Patients who reported serious life-events in the last 2 yr before AMI, or who suffered from exhaustion and fatigue in the prehospital phase were subject to significantly higher levels of depression. A prodromal phase prior to hospitalization free of bodily symptoms and the use of denial were related to low levels of depression. The logistic regression model incorporating all univariate significant variables revealed that symptoms of exhaustion and fatigue prior to AMI had the strongest independent correlation with post AMI depression.
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PMID:Factors which provoke post-infarction depression: results from the post-infarction late potential study (PILP). 143 62

The relationship between hypertension and emotional depression or anxiety has been long-argued. We assessed the efficacy of etizolam (an antianxiety drug) in 18 patients with essential hypertension accompanied with unspecified complaints. In the assessment of overall improvement, 4 patients (22.2%) were rated as markedly improved, 4 patients (22.2%) as moderately improved, 7 patients (38.9%) as slightly improved, 3 patients (16.7%) as unchanged, and none as worsened. Systolic and diastolic pressure decreased significantly in 13 patients (72.2%) and 10 patients (55.5%), respectively. Many subjective symptoms such as anxiety, fatigue and depression improved. No significant adverse reaction from drug was observed. These results allow us to conclude that etizolam is effective and safe for the treatment of essential hypertension accompanied with unspecified complaints.
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PMID:The efficacy of additive use of etizolam in patients with essential hypertension and unspecified complaints. 155 46

A descriptive study correlated depression in children with parental perceptions and with teacher report card ratings of school achievement and adjustment. Two hundred and twenty children, age six-to-12 years, and parents of approximately half the sample, were interviewed using the Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS). Symptoms of depression were discovered in 10% of the children. Sixty-eight percent of parents were unaware of their child's depression. Parents were most aware of sleeping problems, physical complaints, and academic achievement and least aware of social withdrawal, tiredness, depressed feelings, and suicidal ideations. Most depressed students achieved at grade level in reading and math, but they received lower grades for effort than nondepressed students. Depression was associated significantly with inability to work and play, both alone and in a group.
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PMID:Parent and teacher perception of depression in children. 385 42

Questionnaires and clinician rating scales have been used to assess anxious and depressive symptoms among patients with panic disorder, but these methods do not usually evaluate symptoms in the same terms as the standardized criteria of diagnostic interviews. The present study provides data on the prevalence of symptoms of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in 64 patients with panic disorder. Symptoms were assessed using DSM-III-R definitional criteria that consider not only the presence and severity of symptoms, but also their duration and pervasiveness. Depressive symptoms that most frequently met definitional criteria for diagnostic significance were fatigue, insomnia, and concentration difficulties. Over 50% of the sample endorsed feelings of tension, irritability, and restlessness. Disturbances in appetite, feelings of worthlessness, and suicidal ideation were found in less than 10% of the nondepressed panic patients. The implications of these findings for conceptualizing the comorbidity among anxiety and depressive disorders are discussed.
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PMID:Depression and generalized anxiety symptoms in panic disorder. Implications for comorbidity. 774 84

Numerous investigators have shown a strong association between the seasons and the incidence of depression, mania and suicides. However, little has been known about patients who reveal affective episodes in association with the changing seasons year after year. Lewy and Rosenthal established the concept of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). SAD is characterized by recurring cycles of fall-winter depression and spring-summer hypomania (or euthymia). Depressive symptoms often include hypersomnia, anergia, fatigue, carbohydrate craving and weight gain. The syndrome occurs predominantly in women and begins in late twenties. Lewy, Rosenthal and other investigators found that exposure of the SAD patients to bright artificial light improved depressive symptoms. Some hypotheses of light therapy are proposed, however, each of them has not well explained the mechanisms.
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PMID:[Light therapy of patients with seasonal affective disorder]. 800 95

To evaluate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training on depression after major cardiac events, we studied 338 consecutive patients in whom a major cardiac event had occurred 4 to 6 weeks previously and who were participating in phase II cardiac rehabilitation consisting of 36 sessions over a 3-month period. Depressive symptoms and other behavioral characteristics and quality-of-life parameters were analyzed by validated questionnaire. Depression was prevalent in patients with coronary heart disease, occurring in 20% of the patients evaluated. At baseline, depressed patients had lower exercise capacity, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and higher triglyceride levels; had lower scores for mental health, energy or fatigue, general health, pain, overall function, well-being, and total quality of life; and had greater scores for somatization, anxiety, and hostility than those of nondepressed patients. After cardiac rehabilitation, depressed patients had marked improvements in depression scores and other behavioral parameters (anxiety, somatization, and hostility) and quality of life. Depressed patients also showed improved exercise capacity, percentage of body fat, and levels of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Depressed patients exhibited statistically greater improvements in certain behavioral and quality-of-life parameters than did nondepressed patients. Two thirds of the patients who were initially depressed resolved their symptoms by study completion. In conclusion, depression is reduced in patients with symptomatic coronary heart disease patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation. Greater emphasis is needed to ensure that depressed patients are referred to and attend formal cardiac rehabilitation programs after major cardiac events.
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PMID:Effects of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training programs on depression in patients after major coronary events. 883 59

Health-related quality of life (QOL) has become an important topic in health care. However, hardly any attention has been paid to QOL in sarcoidosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of sarcoidosis on QOL. Sixty-four sarcoidosis patients completed the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment instrument (WHOQOL-100) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). For the WHOQOL-100 a matched group of healthy controls was selected. Patients were divided into two groups: group I (n = 37) consisted of patients with actual symptoms, group II (n = 27) consisted of asymptomatic patients. The WHOQOL-100 revealed a number of areas in which sarcoidosis patients, especially those with current symptoms, experienced problems. A major symptom in both groups of sarcoidosis patients was fatigue. No association between the facet fatigue and the domain psychological health was found. Depressive symptoms (BDI) were associated with psychological function (WHOQOL-100). No association between pulmonary function tests and QOL was found. In conclusion, this study shows that sarcoidosis has a considerable impact on the QOL of patients. The WHOQOL-100 appeared to be a sensitive instrument to measure fatigue--one of the most common symptoms in sarcoidosis--which otherwise is difficult to assess objectively.
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PMID:Evaluation of quality of life in sarcoidosis patients. 1121 13

Depressive symptoms, due either major depression or clinically significant, subsyndromal depression, occur commonly in the course of Alzheimer's disease. For a variety of clinical and methodological reasons, this remains an area that begs for new investigation. At the very least, these depressive symptoms should be viewed as a cause of significant and treatable "excess disability" (Kramer and Reifler, 1992). Demented patients with clinically significant depression (e.g., depressed mood, significant loss of appetite, insomnia, fatigue, irritability, and agitation) should be considered for a trial of antidepressant therapy, even when they fail to meet full diagnostic criteria for major depression. These symptoms will, in most instances, respond to antidepressant therapy. The "rules" for treatment of depression in dementia are slightly different than for cognitively intact patients: (a) start low, go slower, (b) pay attention to cognitive toxicity of all medication combinations, and (c) depressive symptoms do not persist as long as in cognitively intact patients. Current treatments, especially those SSRI's like fluoxetine and sertraline that have cognitive enhancing effects, should be considered the "first line" antidepressants. We need to emphasize early detection and treatment of depressive symptoms in dementia in all arenas.
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PMID:Depression and Alzheimer's disease. 980 20

Prodromal personality features possibly presaging PD include excessive introversion, punctuality, and inflexibility. Neurobehavioral symptoms of PD that might complicate recognition and treatment of depression include loss of initiative, social withdrawal, excessive dependency indecisiveness, fatigue, apprehension about new challenges, and agoraphobia. In connection with this last feature, PD patients should be encouraged to venture out of the house because the extrapyramidal motor system, which is compromised in PD, takes over in a relaxed, familiar setting. Thus, Parkinson patients tend to have more symptoms at home than away from home. The deteriorating cognitive function which may occur in some PD patients may exacerbate social withdrawal and certain fears. Features of major depression in parkinsonian depression parallel those of the uncomplicated variety, but loss of appetite/weight and sleep disturbances may be more severe in parkinsonian depression. Serotonin depletion probably underlies the pathophysiology of this condition, in that cerebrospinal-fluid levels of serotonin's terminal metabolite decline to a greater extent in parkinsonian depression than in uncomplicated PD. After establishing the severity of depression, the clinician can contemplate several management approaches: in addition to group psychotherapy, antidepressants (after discontinuation of selegiline to avoid adverse events), particularly tricyclic antidepressants with low anticholinergic action (i.e., low potential for confusion) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be administered. Depressive symptoms during "off" periods (i.e., at nadirs of drug levels) may be relatively intractable and warrant patient and family education. Finally, electroconvulsive and light therapy represent appropriate therapeutic modalities for selected patients.
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PMID:Depression: impact and management by the patient and family. 1022 3

We have previously shown that the risk of major depression in patients with malignant melanoma undergoing interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy can be reduced by pretreatment with the antidepressant, paroxetine. Using dimensional analyses, the present study assessed the expression and treatment responsiveness of specific clusters of neuropsychiatric symptoms over the first three months of IFN-alpha therapy. Forty patients with malignant melanoma eligible for IFN-alpha treatment were randomly assigned to receive either paroxetine or placebo in a double-blind design. Neuropsychiatric assessments were conducted at regular intervals during the first twelve weeks of IFN-alpha therapy and included the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Neurotoxicity Rating Scale. Neurovegetative and somatic symptoms including anorexia, fatigue and pain appeared within two weeks of IFN-alpha therapy in a large proportion of patients. In contrast, symptoms of depressed mood, anxiety and cognitive dysfunction appeared later during IFN-alpha treatment and more specifically in patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depression. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction and pain were more responsive, whereas symptoms of fatigue and anorexia were less responsive, to paroxetine treatment. These data demonstrate distinct phenomenology and treatment responsiveness of symptom dimensions induced by IFN-alpha, and suggest that different mechanisms mediate the various behavioral manifestations of cytokine-induced "sickness behavior."
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PMID:Neurobehavioral effects of interferon-alpha in cancer patients: phenomenology and paroxetine responsiveness of symptom dimensions. 2654 64


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