Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of subcutaneous injection of sumatriptan in the acute treatment of migraine was assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study of 27 migraine patients. In addition, the patients were asked to give information about their well-being and subjective symptoms by means of a self-administered standardized questionnaire. A total of 22 migraine sufferers received a subcutaneous (sc) injection of 8 mg of sumatriptan and 24 received placebo. Of these patients, 19 received both treatments and thus completed the study. The primary efficacy end-point was a reduction in headache severity from severe or moderate to mild or no headache at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. An effective response to treatment was achieved within 30 min in 63% and within 60 min in 84% of patients when treated with 8 mg sumatriptan sc, compared with 11% for placebo (p less than 0.001). Sumatriptan also provided significant relief from nausea and photophobia as compared with placebo. The proportion of patients that needed rescue medication after 120 min was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) with active treatment when compared with placebo. Sumatriptan was well tolerated and the majority of adverse events were mild and transient. The most frequent symptoms were those of malaise/fatigue or numbness. No changes in blood pressure or ECG readings were observed during the treatment. Compared with placebo, subcutaneous 8 mg sumatriptan also caused a substantial improvement in general well-being as revealed by the Minor Symptoms Evaluation Profile-acute (MSEP-acute) questionnaire.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Sumatriptan injection is superior to placebo in the acute treatment of migraine--with regard to both efficacy and general well-being. 132 4

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 12 healthy volunteers pharmacokinetics, safety and impact on the faecal microflora of cefepime were determined. For eight days eight volunteers received cefepime 1000 mg bd by constant infusion over 30 min, four volunteers received placebo. Concentrations of cefepime in serum and urine were measured by bioassay and HPLC. The correlation between the two methods was good and the bioassay results were used for pharmacokinetic calculations. The faecal flora was analysed twice before the study, twice during the study and four times after cefepime administration. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between days 1 and 8. The following values (mean +/- S.D.) represent day 1. The maximum concentration of 72.69 +/- 12.2 mg/L immediately after infusion decreased to 0.56 +/- 0.17 mg/L after 12 h. The mean 12 h recovery in urine was 93.69 +/- 2.14%. Pharmacokinetic parameters based on an open two-compartment model were as follows (mean +/- S.D.): area under the curve, 142.65 +/- 18.35 mg.h/L; elimination half-life 110.3 +/- 8.3 min; steady state volume of distribution 16.0 +/- 1.9 L/70 kg; total clearance, 107.0 +/- 16.0 mL/min; renal clearance 103.0 +/- 15.2 mL/min. No accumulation was observed during the eight day study period with cefepime at this dosage; trough levels on days 2-7 ranged from 0.52 +/- 0.26 mg/L to 0.90 +/- 0.33 mg/L. In the cefepime treated group the following side-effects were noted: headache (5), fatigue (4), nausea/stomach ache (2), soft stool (2), transient scotoma (1). Side-effects in the placebo group were: headache (2) fatigue (3), nausea/stomach-ache (1), soft stool (2) and photophobia (1). During cefepime administration a decrease in the number of Escherichia coli and bifidobacteria in faeces was observed, whereas Bacteroides spp. and clostridia showed a slight increase. The numbers of faecal bacteria returned to normal 20 to 48 days after the study was completed.
 ...
PMID:Multiple dose pharmacokinetics, safety, and effects on faecal microflora, of cefepime in healthy volunteers. 145 2

An outbreak of an illness suggestive of boric acid poisoning occurred among 51 persons who had eaten lunch at the cafeteria of the United States Agency for International Development in Islamabad, Pakistan, on February 11, 1990. Affected patients had headache and severe myalgias 2 to 4 hours after eating lunch. Fever, nausea and vomiting, red eyes, and photophobia were also reported. Among 25 patients (49%), a sunburn-like inflammation of the skin of the face developed, which subsequently desquamated. One patient required hospitalization for 1 day because of dehydration. Among all patients, the only symptoms remaining 72 hours after the meal were mild headache, fatigue, and peeling skin. Those persons who became ill were more likely to have eaten one particular food item (minestrone soup) for lunch than were those who did not become ill. A similar illness has been described following ingestion of boric acid. However, the results of an analysis of serum samples collected 3 days after the lunch from 24 patients did not show boron above normal background levels. Because of boron's short half-life, however, these data do not rule out the possibility that patients may have had higher boron levels at the onset of the illness.
 ...
PMID:An outbreak of a food-related illness resembling boric acid poisoning. 163 94

The efficacy and safety of oral sumatriptan as a 100-mg dispersible tablet was compared with oral Cafergot (2 mg ergotamine tartrate, 200 mg caffeine) in a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial. In the trial, 580 patients were treated from 47 investigating centres in nine European countries. Sumatriptan was significantly more effective than Cafergot at reducing the intensity of headache from severe or moderate to mild or none; 66% (145/220) of those treated with sumatriptan improved in this way by 2 h, compared with 48% (118/246) of those treated with Cafergot (p less than 0.001). The onset of headache resolution was more rapid with sumatriptan, whereas recurrence of migraine headache within 48 h was lower with Cafergot. Sumatriptan was also significantly more effective at reducing the incidence of nausea (p less than 0.001), vomiting (p less than 0.01) and photophobia/phonophobia (p less than 0.001) 2 h after treatment, and fewer patients on sumatriptan (24%) than on Cafergot (44%, p less than 0.001) required other medication after 2 h. The overall incidence of patients reporting adverse events was 45% after sumatriptan and 39% after Cafergot; the difference was not significant. The most commonly reported events in the sumatriptan-treated patients were malaise or fatigue and bad taste; these were generally mild and transient. Nausea and/or vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and dizziness or vertigo were reported by a greater proportion of Cafergot-treated patients. It is concluded that oral sumatriptan was well tolerated and is a more effective acute treatment for migraine than Cafergot.
 ...
PMID:A randomized, double-blind comparison of sumatriptan and Cafergot in the acute treatment of migraine. The Multinational Oral Sumatriptan and Cafergot Comparative Study Group. 165 39

Six male volunteers, previously immunized with yellow fever vaccine, were inoculated subcutaneously with a live, attenuated dengue-2 virus (PR-159/S-1) candidate vaccine. Five recipients developed viremia 8 or 9 days after vaccination, which lasted 1 to 10 days. The onset of viremia was followed by fever in three people, transient leukopenia in four, and an erythematous rash in one. One volunteer developed an oral temperature of 38.8 degrees C with headache, myalgia, fatigue, and photophobia suggestive of mild dengue fever. All five viremic volunteers developed fourfold or greater rises in serum neutralizing antibody. The sixth volunteer, who had a low titer of preexisting dengue-2 neutralizing antibody, had no viremia, no symptoms, and a modest rise in hemagglutination inhibiting antibody. Virus isolates obtained from plasma retained the small-plaque and temperature-sensitive growth characteristics of the vaccine virus in vitro. In this study, the vaccine virus genetically stable and immunogenic and seemed sufficiently attenuated for additional testing in humans.
 ...
PMID:Dengue-2 vaccine: virological, immunological, and clinical responses of six yellow fever-immune recipients. 721 69

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a chronic illness of uncertain aetiology characterized by at least six months of debilitating fatigue and associated symptoms. The symptoms of the syndrome are all non-specific and some (but not all) are also seen in psychiatric illness. The symptomatology suggesting an organic component to the illness includes its abrupt onset with an 'infectious-like' illness, intermittent unexplained fevers, arthralgias and 'gelling' (stiffness), sore throats, cough, photophobia, night sweats, and post-exertional malaise with systemic symptoms. The illness can last for years and is associated with marked impairment of functional health status.
 ...
PMID:Clinical presentation of chronic fatigue syndrome. 849 Nov 6

The 31-year-old female patient preserved photophobia, learning tiredness, pigmentary remaniations in the macular region to both eyes. With emphasis on the right eye. The photopic visual field shows a paracentral scotoma, 4 degrees inferior at the right eye, without the modification of the peripheric isopters. The darkness adaptation curve is monophasic, with reduction and delay of the alpha angulation. The chromatic sensation exam shows protanomaly. Angiographically, isolated macular lesions with the pigmentary epithelium atrophy and the persistency of the fluorescein in late venous time are confirmed. A genetic deficit of the membrane receptors, at the level of the pigmentary epithelium cells, might explain the selective dystrophia of the cone cells. The different renewal process of cones, compared to the stick cells, stays at the origin of selectively separated pathological processes.
 ...
PMID:[Progressive dystrophy of the cones]. 896 70

The authors prospectively assessed symptoms induced by the interruption of antidepressants in 16 patients (11 women and 5 men), aged from 33 to 85 years (mean = 52.4 +/- 16.4), treated with antidepressants since at least two weeks. All patients were free of alcohol abuse or dependence disorder and of other dependence to psychoactive substances. None of them presented medical illness. Diagnosis were made by separate evaluations by two authors and confirmed with a semistructered assessment instrument: the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (Lifetime Version). All patients were submitted to a brutal discontinuation of their antidepressant agent. Patients were assessed twice, before the interruption of the antidepressant, and 72 hours later. Effects of antidepressant interruption were assessed by several means. Modification of anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Symptoms of withdrawal were assessed with Cassano and al.'s scale SESSH including an evaluation of anxiety, agitation, irritability, anergy, difficulty on concentrating, depersonalization, sleep and appetite disorders, muscle pains, nausea, tremor, sweating, altered taste, hyperosmia, paresthesias, photophobia, motor incoordination, dizziness, hyperacousia pain, delirium. Fourteen of the 16 patients (87.5%) presented modifications of their somatic or psychic state 3 days after the interruption of the antidepressant treatment. Most frequent symptoms were: increase in anxiety (31%), increase in irritability (25%), sleep disorders (19%), decrease of anergia and fatigue (19%). Mean scores of anxiety and depression were not significantly modified by the withdrawal. Following TCAs interruption (7 patients) most frequent symptoms were sleep disorders; increase in anxiety, nausea. Among patients withdrawn from SSRIs (6 patients), most frequent symptoms were increase in anxiety, increase in irritability, headache. Patients also presented a decrease of nausea, and of anorexia.
 ...
PMID:[Prospective evaluation of antidepressant discontinuation]. 969 14

The aim of this prospective study was to compare epidemiological data and clinical features in children and adults with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Patients with aseptic meningitis diagnosed at the University Medical Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Ljubljana, Slovenia, from June to August 1997, in whom the diagnosis of TBE was ascertained by the presence of serum IgM antibodies against TBE virus, who were serologically negative for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and had a negative PCR CSF result on enteroviral infection, were included in the study. Out of 213 patients with aseptic meningitis, 80 (37.56%) fulfilled inclusion criteria. There were 20 children and 60 adults. In both groups males predominated. Virtually all patients had headache and fever, and more than 50% suffered from vomiting. The majority of patients in both groups recalled a tick bite, had a biphasic course of the illness, and was found to have obviously expressed meningeal signs. In both groups the median CSF leukocyte count was somewhat lower than 100 x 10(6)/l with a predominance of lymphocytes. Children were more often given antibiotics during the initial phase of TBE than adults (p = 0.0095). Several other statistically significant distinctions (p < 0.05) were found including the frequency of fatigue, malaise, vertigo, photophobia, myalgias, arthralgias, as well as elevated CSF albumin and protein concentration, elevated albumin quotient and IgG quotient; all these findings were more often present in adults. In addition a longer duration of fever, more frequent need for anti-edematous treatment and longer hospitalization were found in adults. Direct comparison of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of TBE in children and adults revealed differences in several clinical and laboratory features and corroborates the previous conclusion that TBE in childhood is a milder illness than TBE in adults.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of the epidemiological and clinical features of tick-borne encephalitis in children and adults. 1078 89

An analysis of patients followed with a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis-1 and headache was conducted. Characterization of headache type was done after chart review of 81 patients with neurofibromatosis-1 and headache. Consent was obtained for subsequent telephone interviews using a standardized questionnaire concerning the onset, characteristics, timing, triggers, and associated symptoms of the patients' headaches. Data was summarized and tabulated. Of 132 patients with neurofibromatosis-1, 81 were identified with any headache by screening history. Recurrent headaches were present in 77% of patients and in 47% of our neurofibromatosis-1 clinic population. Fifty-three of 81 patients were accessible for and agreeable to telephone interview. There were 23 male patients and 30 female patients aged 5 6/12 to 49 6/12 years, with a mean age of 20.9 years. Eighty-one percent reported having experienced recurrent headaches within the year. The majority reported onset of headache prior to the age of 10 years. Headache characteristics included the following: frequency of monthly or less, frontotemporal location, pulsating or pressing quality, and moderate severity (pain scale 4 to 5 out of 10). Headaches interfered with daily activities, had weekend occurrence, and had a duration less than 2 hours. Common headache triggers included stress, "change in weather," menstruation, fatigue, and certain foods. A high percentage of patients reported associated symptoms of nausea with or without vomiting (37%), phonophobia, photophobia, pallor, and visual scotoma. We classified 34% of the patients as having migraine (25% with aura, 9% without aura), 45% with nonmigrainous headache only, and 15% with mixed headache types (either intermittently), and 7.5% with other head pains. We conclude that patients with neurofibromatosis-1 are at greater risk for headaches than the general population. While the prevalence of both migraine and nonnigraine headache is somewhat greater than in the general population, the proportion of tension-type headache, especially in young children, is greater than expected.
 ...
PMID:Headaches in patients with neurofibromatosis-1. 1080 89


1 2 3 4 Next >>