Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-two patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated, during a phase II trial, with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Of the 44 patients who had adequate trials, 4 had partial responses (PR), for an overall 9% PR rate. Response durations ranged from 3 to 5+ months. Prior treatment with chemotherapy may have adversely affected response rate; 15% of previously untreated patients responded, compared to only 4% of previously treated patients. A syndrome of weakness and fatigue was the most serious side effect. Anorexia and weight loss, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy were the other toxic effects. We conclude that MGBG has activity in NSCLC, especially in previously untreated patients, and further studies are indicated in that population.
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PMID:Phase II trial of methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) in non-small-cell lung cancer. 627 32

Twenty-six adult patients were entered in a phase I trial of carboplatin, a new cisplatin derivative with reduced potential for nephrotoxicity. All patients had solid tumors and the median World Health Organization performance score was 2 (0-3). Twelve patients had not received prior chemotherapy. The drug was administered as a 15-minute IV infusion, without pre- or posthydration, at daily doses of 40-125 mg/m2 for five consecutive days. Antiemetics were given only if needed. Thrombocytopenia and neutropenia were dose related and dose limiting. One patient died from septic shock at the highest dose level. Nonhemolytic anemia was also encountered. Nausea and vomiting were experienced by most patients but gastrointestinal intolerance was severe in only two patients. One patient had hypercreatininemia, which was minor and rapidly reversible. Other toxic effects consisted of negligible fatigue, paresthesia, pruritus, local pain, stomatitis, headache, and alopecia. Although none of the patients achieved a partial or complete response, antitumor effect was strongly suggested in two patients with thyroid and cervix cancer, respectively. Carboplatin is an attractive candidate for phase II trials. In good-risk patients, such trials could be initiated at a daily dose of 100 mg/m2 for five consecutive days every five to six weeks.
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PMID:Phase I study of carboplatin given on a five-day intravenous schedule. 636 28

In a comparative randomized double-blind study, 73 patients underwent myelography using iopamidol (36 patients) or metrizamide (37 patients) as contrast medium. The overall diagnostic adequacy of iopamidol myelography was found to be comparable to that of metrizamide myelography. The incidence of examinations graded as superior (64%) or adequate (36%) with iopamidol was equivalent to that with metrizamide (57% superior, 43% adequate). Adverse reactions after iopamidol myelography were fewer, less severe, and generally of shorter duration than those associated with metrizamide. In the iopamidol group, adverse reactions occurred in nine (25%) patients, all of whom experienced mild or moderate headache, one with nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. In the metrizamide group, adverse reactions occurred in 17 (46%) patients, all of whom experienced mild or moderate headache, six with nausea and vomiting and four with back and leg pain. Of nine individuals who underwent myelography using 300 mg 1/ml metrizamide injected via lateral C1-C2 puncture, three experienced a toxic encephalopathy with confusion, dysphasia, headache, nausea, and vomiting, and a fourth individual suffered severe nausea, vomiting, fever, and irregular pulse. Encephalopathy was not observed in any of the 11 patients in whom myelography was performed via lateral C1-C2 puncture with a similar concentration of iopamidol. No seizures were encountered, and no clinically significant changes in laboratory studies were observed with either contrast medium.
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PMID:Iopamidol and metrizamide for myelography: prospective double-blind clinical trial. 638 81

Thirty-three patients were treated in an escalating single-dose trial of partially purified nonrecombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The first seven patients received intramuscular injections of IFN-gamma in doses up to 20 X 10(6) units/m2. When it became clear that these patients had no detectable antiviral activity in their serum, subsequent patients were treated by the intravenous route of administration, generally with 2-h infusions. A total of 26 patients received the agent intravenously in single escalating doses ranging from 0.2 to 60 X 10(6) units/m2, on a twice-weekly schedule for 4-6 weeks. The most common toxicities encountered included fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, and occasional nausea and vomiting. No myelosuppression or hepatic toxicity was observed. A maximum tolerated dose for single-dose intravenous administration was defined as 50 X 10(6) units/m2 on the basis of unacceptable fatigue and prolonged systolic hypotension. Antiviral activity was detected in the serum following doses greater than 2 X 10(6) units/m2 when the IFN-gamma was administered intravenously. No evidence of antitumor activity was seen in this Phase I trial, although the treatment regimen employed did not lead to high or prolonged levels of serum IFN activity in the majority of patients. An accurate assessment of the antitumor activity of this particular IFN-gamma preparation will require Phase II trials employing multiple-treatment regimens.
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PMID:A preliminary Phase I trial of partially purified interferon-gamma in patients with cancer. 643 28

Marcellomycin, a new anthracycline antibiotic, was administered intravenously on a weekly schedule to 22 patients with advanced malignant solid tumors. Patients were treated at 6 dosage levels ranging from 5 to 30 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks. Courses were repeated after a 3-week rest period. Hematologic toxicity was dose-limiting but unpredictable. Of 10 patients treated with weekly doses of 27.5 mg/m2, 3 patients exhibited myelosuppression and 2 died in agranulocytosis. Moderate to severe nausea and vomiting occurred in 19 of 22 evaluable patients. Other toxic effects were non-acute and consisted of mild stomatitis, diarrhea, phlebitis and moderate fatigue in 1-3 patients each. In 17 patients evaluable for antitumor activity no partial or complete responses occurred. One patient with advanced breast cancer showed a mixed response. Marcellomycin given on a weekly dose schedule has unpredictable and erratic hematologic toxicity. The maximally tolerated dose appears to be between 27.5 and 30 mg/m2 weekly. However, no firm recommendations can be given for a dose level that results in tolerable, predictable and reversible toxicity.
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PMID:A phase I trial of marcellomycin with a weekly dose schedule. 668 83

A Phase I study was carried out with ricin, a plant toxin acting by inhibiting protein synthesis, on 54 cancer patients with advanced disease. Ricin was given as i.v. bolus injections every two weeks at dose levels ranging from 4.5 to 23 micrograms/sq m of estimated body surface area. Ricin was well tolerated at doses up to 18 to 20 micrograms/sq m. At these levels and at higher levels, flu-like symptoms with fatigue and muscular pain appeared and, in some patients, nausea and vomiting occurred also. No myelo-suppression was seen. Antibodies to ricin were detected in serum after two to three ricin injections. Ricin was eliminated from blood according to first order kinetics. At each dose level, the plasma concentrations, as well as the side effects, showed only minor differences between patients. The highest dose given, 23 micrograms/sq m, gave plasma concentrations twice those found previously to be therapeutically effective in tumor-bearing mice. Of 38 evaluable patients, one patient with lymphoma had a partial response. Stable disease was observed in four patients with renal cancers, in two with soft tissue sarcomas, and in one patient each with mesothelioma, thyroid, and rectal cancer. A dose of 23 micrograms/sq m is recommended for Phase II trials of ricin.
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PMID:Phase I study of the plant protein ricin. 669 85

102 patients using Trinordiol, a triphasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing ethinyl estradiol and d-norgestrel, were followed for 932 cycles in a study of secondary effects. Follow-up visits were scheduled after 1,3, and 6 months and every 6 months thereafter. 26 patients discontinued use of the pills during the study after using them for a total of 159 cycles. 5 discontinued because of abdominal pain, 1 for breast tenderness, and 1 because of headaches or migraines. 7 discontinued because of metrorrhagia, 4 for weight gain, 3 for amenorrhea, 2 for nausea and vomiting, and 1 each for nervousness, water retention, acne, desire for pregnancy, leaving the country, hypertension, and unknown motivation. the average age of patients was 23.6 years, with a range from 14-48. 76% were aged 15-29 years. 52.9% were nulliparas. 58.8% were Belgian, 21.6% were from Mediterranean Europe, 10.8% were Moroccan, and 7.9% were from black Africa. Only 1 patient, a 37 year old, developed hypertension. 15 patients gained more than 2 kg and 17 lost more than 2 kg. 15.8% complained of spotting during the 1st cycle compared to 3.1% during the 6th cycle, 5.2% during cycle 7-12, and 9.1% during cycle 13-30. Among 35 patients who did not discontinue treatment, 7 complained of amenorrhea and 1 of scanty menstrual bleeding, 14 of pain including 7 cases of pelvic pain, 2 of dysmenorrhea, 3 of breast tenderness, and 2 of headaches, 15 of leukorrhea, 3 of nausea, 2 of dizziness, and 1 each of fatigue, acne, galactorrhea, and cutaneous pruritus. 1 case of myoma at the level of the uterine cornu was identified after 24 cycles of treatment. In all, 61 patients had some complaint, while 41 were totally satisfied. No patient became pregnant during the study.
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PMID:[Clinical study of the secondary effects associated with taking a triphasic anti-ovulatory contraceptive]. 670 4

Prospective data on 86 pregnant women were analysed to investigate the relationship between the pregnancy symptoms of nausea and vomiting and various demographic, social and psychological factors. In contrast to previous research findings no significant differences were discovered along demographic or social dimensions between women reporting no nausea, mild nausea and severe nausea during the first trimester of pregnancy. Not surprisingly, those women experiencing severe nausea reported significantly more sleep disturbances, fatigue and irritability. Women having both nausea and vomiting during the first trimester, reported significantly more unplanned, undesired pregnancies and negative relationships with their own mothers, than first trimester groups experiencing nausea only or no symptoms. Finally, those with continuing nausea and vomiting in the third trimester, when compared with those having no symptoms, tended to have reported significantly more psychological/psychiatric problems in the first trimester and were significantly more negative in their assessment of their own maternal relationship.
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PMID:Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. 674 96

Eighty-one patients with a variety of refractory disseminated malignant neoplasms have been treated in the first multiple fixed-dose phase I trial of recombinant leukocyte A interferon (IFL-rA). Each patient received IFL-rA by intramuscular injection, three times weekly for 28 days. Dosages were escalated in different patients from 1 to 136 x 10(6) units per injection. The toxic reactions seen with IFL-rA resembled those of nonrecombinant leukocyte interferon and included fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, myalgia, headache, occasional nausea and vomiting, and dose-dependent reversible leukopenia and hepatic transaminase elevations. The pharmacokinetics of IFL-rA were also comparable with nonrecombinant leukocyte interferon. Objective evidence of antitumor activity was seen in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, breast cancer, and melanoma, indicating that IFL-rA, the first genetically engineered biological response modifier available for testing in cancer patients, is biologically active in vivo.
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PMID:A multiple-dose phase I trial of recombinant leukocyte A interferon in cancer patients. 675 47

The antiemetic efficacy of 375 mg methylprednisolone given as slow i.v. push injection was assessed in 27 tumor patients receiving strongly emetic cytostatic treatment. 13 of 27 patients were partially or completely protected from nausea and vomiting. Only minor side effects from methylprednisolone were observed: two patients complained of increased fatigue and four patients experienced facial rash with swelling 1 to 24 hours after the injection of methylprednisolone. High-dose methylprednisolone is an effective antiemetic treatment for patients receiving cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:[High-dosage methylprednisolone as an antiemetic in cytostatic-induced vomiting]. 685 94


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