Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined the effects of Y-27632, a selective Rho-kinase inhibitor, on organophosphate-induced acute toxicity in rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups as control (corn oil), dichlorvos (30 mg kg(-1) i.p.), 1 and 10 mg kg(-1) Y-27632 + dichlorvos groups. Cholinergic signs (fatigue, tremor, cyanosis, hyper-secretion, fasciculations) were observed in all the rats in the dichlorvos group and the mortality rate was 50%. No cholinergic findings and deaths were observed in the control and Y-27632 groups. Plasma cholinesterase activities were suppressed with dichlorvos and these reductions were attenuated with Y-27632 pretreatment. There was a marked increase in plasma malondialdehyde level in the dichlorvos group, but Y-27632 pretreatment abolished this elevation. Dichlorvos markedly depressed cardiac paraoxonase activity, but these changes were not markedly modified with Y-27632. Total antioxidant capacities, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, total free sulfhydryl groups and catalase activities in plasma and cardiac tissues were not markedly different between the groups. No significant changes were observed with cardiac myeloperoxidase activities or plasma arylesterase and ceruloplasmin activities. In conclusion, our results suggest that Rho-kinase pathway is involved in organophosphate intoxication, and a decrease in cardiac paraoxonase activities may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute organophosphate poisoning in rats.
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PMID:Effects of a selective Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on oxidative stress parameters in acute dichlorvos poisoning in rats. 1863 19

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a complex group of abnormal ventriculoarterial connections where both the aorta and pulmonary artery rise from the right ventricle morphologically. It is a rare condition affecting 1-1.5% of patients with congenital heart disease. The patient's cardiac measurements were taken by two-dimensional echocardiography. The pathological findings of the defined case are illustrated in the figures. A 20-year-old male patient with palpitations, tachypnea, and tiredness with weak exercise capacity and back pain was diagnosed with heart murmur in different degrees; slight cyanosis, cachexia, and developmental retardation were found clinically. Echocardiography showed: DORV, perimembranous ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, dilatated right ventricle, and dilatated left atrium. However, the left ventricle was normal. In addition, the septum interatriale filled the left atrium like an aneurysm. DORV is an important and rare congenital cardiac malformation. This complex condition may result in different clinical findings and require different therapeutic approaches.
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PMID:The double outlet right ventricle with additional cardiac malformations: an anatomic and echocardiographic study. 1944 98

Metformin is a biguanide. Due to its effects in decreasing the hepatic production of glucose and in increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, such as adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, the agent is used in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus and, in which insulin resistance is especially pronounced. Eighty-one-year old male patient was admitted to the emergency unit with sudden vertigo, tiredness, dyspnea, cyanosis, and lethargy. He had had type 2 diabetes mellitus for 10 years and was taking glargin 12 U/kg once daily and metformin (glucophage) 850 mg thrice daily. The patient showed no cooperation and orientation. Metabolic acidosis, hypoxemia, and hypercapnea were detected in arterial blood gases (ABG). The patient was transferred to an intensive care unit of the hospital; endotracheal intubation was applied and mechanic ventilation was started. On the following day, his ABG got better; he was disconnected and weaning was applied. Lung X-ray study revealed no signs of pneumonia or pulmonary edema. On the same day, extubation was ended and O2 was given by mask at a rate of 4 L/min. After the patient's vital signs, blood sugar, and lactate levels were stabilized; his treatment regimen was arranged again and the patient was discharged on day 4 of his admission. Dyspnea, acidosis, and hypoxia seen in the patient were thought to be due to lactic acidosis which may rarely occur when metformin is used.
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PMID:[A clinical case of lactic acidosis development in a diabetic patient taking metformin]. 1951 47

An infant born at full term presented with tachypnea, tachycardia and fatigue with feedings. Blood gases revealed hypoventilation. A rigid bronchoscopy using the Karl-Storz telescopic system revealed severe tracheal stenosis. Follow-up three-dimensional computerized tomography scans of the neck and chest revealed a long segment, funnel-shaped tracheal stenosis extending up to the left bronchial orifice. The patient underwent tracheal reconstruction, but died three weeks later from postoperative complications. It is unusual for severe tracheal stenosis to present without stridor, apnea, cyanosis and wheezing. Infants with unexplained tachypnea should be worked-up for congenital deformities of the upper airways.
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PMID:Congenital long segment tracheal stenosis presenting with tachypnea. 2017 31

Scimitar syndrome is a rare but serious congenital condition that consists of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the right lung to the inferior vena cava. The appearance on chest radiography resembles a curved Turkish sword, or scimitar. Scimitar syndrome is associated with other anomalies, including hypoplasia of the right lung, dextroposition of the heart, anomalous systemic arterial supply to the right lung, and atrial septal defect. Clinical manifestations in infants include severe tachypnea and cyanosis. Adult patients may present with dyspnea and increased fatigue. Few adult cases have been reported in the medical literature. Classical surgical repair involves diversion of the scimitar venous flow into the left atrium with a baffle, requiring the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Herein, we report the case of a 42-year-old woman with 2 scimitar veins who underwent corrective surgery at our center without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. We also comment on the importance of a patient's lung hypoplasia in the decision to repair the defect through a right thoracotomy.
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PMID:Two scimitar veins in an adult: repair through a right thoracotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass. 2054 23

Takayasu's arteritis is a systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting the aorta and its major branches. We report a 14-year-old girl in whom incidentally a deep upper limb vein thrombosis was found. She was referred to the emergency unit due to swelling and intermittent cyanosis of the right arm following an axillary depilatory wax. High-resolution echo colour Doppler ultrasonography showed a deep vein thrombosis with thickening of the proximal common carotids. A diagnosis of type IIb Takayasu's arteritis was made. The patient's history revealed fatigue, myalgia and headache. Immunosuppressive treatment and anticoagulation were introduced with a rapid and sustained improvement.
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PMID:A 14-year-old girl with a sudden arm swelling after axillary depilatory wax. 2168 9

Dyspnoea in young people often leads to the diagnosis of asthma. A young female (with related parents) showed symptoms of cyanosis, dyspnoea and fatigue during physical activity despite asthma medication. High levels of methaemoglobin were measured. Genetic testing showed homozygote type 1b5r-deficiency. Cyanosis and lacking effect of asthma treatment should lead to further diagnostic evaluation with arterial blood gas analyses, including assessment of methaemoglobin. Congenitally inherited methaemoglobinaemia is a rare disease, but its diagnosis is important to ensure correct handling and treatment.
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PMID:[Congenital methaemoglobinaemia--a rare cause of dyspnoea and cyanosis]. 2188 67

Arteriovenous fistuli are congenital malformations. Usually symptoms depend on size of the lesion. Lesions smaller than 2 cm are often asymptomatic. The most common symptoms are dyspnea, palpitation and fatigue. Cyanosis is indicative of right to left shunt. Helical computed tomography (CT) scan is a helpful diagnostic tool in this case. Surgery is the treatment of choice in patients with isolated lesions. Embolization is a selective method in patients with multiple or bilateral lesions. The patient was a 13-year-old boy complaining of cyanosis of lips and nails as well as dyspnea for 5 years. Definite diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) in the right middle lobe was based on CT angiography. The patient underwent a thoracotomy and lobectomy of the right middle lobe. After surgery cyanosis and dyspnea were completely resolved.
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PMID:Surgically treatable pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. 2195 91

Novel influenza A (H1N1) has created a major worldwide health problem within a short time after its emergence. This infection is often self-limited, but sometimes can cause severe and fatal complications. In this study, we present two rare complications of pandemic influenza A, who were referred to Razi University Affiliated Hospital in northern Iran. The first case was a 30-year-old man with severe headache and high fever accompanied with chills, generalized myalgia, and arthralgia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was consistent with aseptic meningitis. The second case, a 25-year-old pregnant woman with high fever, chills and severe fatigue and malaise, developed tachypnea, tachycardia, respiratory distress, cyanosis and loss of consciousness a few hours after admission. Echocardiography reported myopericarditis. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation was begun. The next day, the patient started vaginal bleeding which progressed to spontaneous abortion three days later. Diagnosis of novel influenza A (H1N1) was confirmed using real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR of a pharyngeal swab.
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PMID:Report of two rare complications of pandemic influenza A (H1N1). 2233 53

Total anomalous systemic venous drainage is an extremely rare congenital heart defect. In this study we describe an 11-year-old girl who presented with a history of fatigue and central cyanosis that she had had since early childhood with unremarkable precordial examination results. Investigations revealed left heterotaxy with all systemic venous drainage to the left-sided atrium with non-compaction of the left ventricle.
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PMID:Total anomalous systemic venous drainage in left heterotaxy syndrome. 2263 59


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