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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Flights aboard modern vehicles are associated with high nervous-emotional and physical stresses. This may induce depletion of reserve capabilities, development of fatigue and, consequently, reduction of work capacity of crewmembers. The paper discusses approaches and results of the use of drugs by pilots and cosmonauts in order to alleviate their fatigue and emotional stress. It gives indications and contraindications for the adminstration of stimulants and tranquilizers. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the literature data and their own findings, the authors draw the conclusion that the use of stimulants and anxiolytics may increase the level of reliability and performance of air- and spacecraft pilots during programmed and, particularly, contigent situations of the flight.
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PMID:[Psychopharmacology in aviation and astronautics]. 1 70

The interaction of anxiety and autonomic activation as a factor in the development and persistency of pathological anxiety was investigated with the aid of self-rating procedures and a habituation experiment. The state of activation was varied systematically in 40 normal subjects by various experimental conditions and by the administration of a tranquilizer. The degree of anxiety and activation were able to be differentiated in the investigated range of mean attentiveness. Anxious expectancy is perceived in particular as subjective anxiety. Fatigue and sedation, on the other hand, demonstrate subjective and autonomic desactivation. Corresponding differences can be demonstrated for the anxiolytic and sedative effects of tranquilizers. The time course of habituation is a more exact indicator than the amplitude of the orienting response. Cognitively provoked apprehensiveness, thus, appears to be qualitatively different as compared to psychoautonomically caused anxieties of psychiatric disorders.
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PMID:Anxiety, arousal, and autonomic habituation. 2 31

Thirty-four ambulatory medical patients who had used minor tranquilizers for varying lengths of time were interviewed to determine their medical and psychiatric statuses, and to learn their own perspective of their medical care. The population was elderly of lower socioeconomic status, and chronically ill (a significant minority with serious and disabling illness). Depressive equivalents, depression, and anxiety were prominent, but clinical states requiring psychiatric care were not. Slightly less than one-half were alcoholic. Forty-one percent took the medications for target symptoms other than anxiety, and 76% believed these agents were efficacious. Chronic users had significantly more chronic medical illness, and significantly more somatization, anxiety, and fatigue.
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PMID:Neighborhood health center patients who use minor tranquilizers. 3 12

A scale to evaluate the withdrawal syndrome induced by tranquilizers (TWS) is proposed to distinguish between anxiety induced symptoms and withdrawal induced symptoms. This scale was established and validated by Lader, the french translation was performed by the author. The most frequently observed symptoms during a withdrawal syndrome are physical tiredness, headache, vertigo and tremor but other symptoms are evaluated by this tranquilizers withdrawal scale.
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PMID:[A scale for evaluating withdrawal symptoms induced by anxiolytic agents]. 290 55

The physical and psychophysiological effects of an orally administered single dose of 3 mg cloxazolam as compared to 5 mg diazepam and a placebo were investigated for 144 healthy male subjects using a double blind technique. In a pre-experimental test, the Ss were classified as either emotional stabiles or labiles, and in the experimental program of one four and half hour period were tested under either stress or control conditions. In order to create appropriate conditions for testing the tranquilizers, three stress situations that would induce anxiety were used: anticipation of an electric shock, preparation of a public speech and one due to failure in an achievement test. By combining these methods it was possible to sustain for 30 minutes in healthy Ss a state of anxiety or emotional activation which seemed suitable as a model for clinical anxiety. Under 5 mg diazepam rather week, but tranquilizer-typical effects were registered in both subjective and objective measures: an increase in self-confidence in emotional labiles, mood improvement, lower electrodermal responses and tranquilizer-typical EEG-pattern, but also subjective deactivating effects. The HR-increase elicited by anxiety induction was not influenced by Diazepam. Under 3 mg cloxazolam very similar effects to those under diazepam were apparent in the subjective measures; there was however, no mood improvement. Cloxazolam was judged as more strongly deactivating and fatigue inducing than diazepam. Cloxazolam was clearly different from diazepam with respect to its physiological effects, especially showing an obvious heart rate increase in the control group, which requires further investigation.
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PMID:[Psychological and physiological effects of cloxazolam and diazepam under anxiety-evoking and control conditions on healthy subjects (author's transl)]. 612 23

Use of minor tranquilizers and hypnotics and the association with shift work was examined in a sample of French nurses interviewed in 1980, 1985 and 1990. Permanent night schedule was related to a higher use of hypnotics/tranquillizers, the relation begin significant in 1990. At each follow-up date, the use of drugs increased with sleep disorders, symptoms of psychological disorders reported by the nurses themselves, an impaired health and fatigue. Age was linked to the use of hypnotics/tranquillizers; the older the nurses were, the more likely they were to take the drugs. Using a logistic analysis, the following variables were significant: time schedules, self-assessment of health, fatigue, age and marital status. Time schedules involving night work, especially permanent night schedule, were related to a higher proportion of drug use. These findings confirmed the general patterns of psychotropic drug use (age, sleep disorders, physical health and martial status) among women and emphasized the relation between time schedules involving night work and the use of hypnotics/tranquillizers.
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PMID:Psychotropic drug use and shift work among French nurses (1980-1990). 767 21

The significance of the emotional stress problem for persons of dangerous professions makes it necessary to search for the optimal procedure for emotional status correction. However, taking into account the specific features of military specialists' professional activity, it is highly difficult to choose a single drug. The authors apply a differential approach to solving the problem by considering the efficacy of tranquilizers, stimulants, adrenergic blocking agents, and adaptogens. The use of anxiolytics corrects an emotional response to the level which has marked adaptational sense. A combination of tranquilizers with stimulants is beneficial for the prevention or abortion of fatigue states. beta-adrenergic blockers act as stress protective agents in the cases when the implementation of highly coordinated skills is of crucial importance. By evoking physiological and biochemical changes in the body, adaptogens are involved in the elaboration of an adequate behavioral pattern and in adaptive rearrangement under the influence of unfavourable factors of the environment and activities.
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PMID:[Methodological aspects of pharmacological regulation of emotional stress in persons with dangerous occupations]. 896 84

Vital exhaustion, defined as a combination of fatigue, lack of energy, feelings of hopelessness, loss of libido, and increased irritability, has been proposed as a risk indicator for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). It is unclear if the association between vital exhaustion and CHD is independent of sleep behavior, depression, and physical activity. We ascertained sense of exhaustion among 5,053 male college alumni who were free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by asking, "How often do you experience sense of exhaustion (except after exercise)?" on a health survey in 1980. Eight hundred fifteen men died during 12 years of follow-up, 25% due to CHD. After adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking status, and history of physician-diagnosed diabetes and hypertension, frequent sense of exhaustion was associated with a twofold increase in CHD mortality (rate ratio 2.07; 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 3.96). After additional adjustment for insomnia, sleep duration, use of sleeping pills and tranquilizers, physical activity, history of physician-diagnosed depression, and alcohol intake, the rate ratio was not appreciably altered; however, the association now was of borderline significance (rate ratio 2.06; 95% confidence interval: 0.98 to 4.36) because there were only 10 deaths from CHD among men who were frequently exhausted. In a prospective observational study, frequent sense of exhaustion appeared to be independently associated with increased risk of CHD mortality in men.
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PMID:Sense of exhaustion and coronary heart disease among college alumni. 1060 12

Fatigue is one of the most important factors which has a considerable influence on treatment and the life quality of oncological patients. The fatigue syndrome is often diagnosed during cancer treatment and this syndrome is not related to the physical effort. Cancer related fatigue is a patient's subjective, psychologically, physically and emotionally based feeling. It is disproportionate to patient's daily activity. The pathogenesis of this syndrome remains still unknown. However, on the basis of various questionnaires, it is possible to test the disease's complex nature. Cancer related fatigue causes deterioration of patient's life along with lower motivation to struggle with the disease. It is thought that the factor which increases the incidence of cancer related fatigue is a long-term use of drugs such as opioids, benzodiazepine, and medicines containing codeine, tranquilizers, anxiolytics and antidepressants. On the basis of the results, one can choose an appropriate treatment method for cancer related fatigue such as rehabilitation, psychotherapy or public assistance. A great number of patients consider excessive fatigue a typical concomitant symptom in neoplastic disease; therefore, they do not report it. It is of a paramount importance to make patients aware of the fact that cancer related fatigue is a serious disease which can be treated.
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PMID:Cancer related fatigue syndrome in neoplastic diseases. 2632 79