Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The content of serum albumin in rabbit blood was found to be lowered within the first day after reproduction of experimental myocardial infarction. The rate and the level of translation of endogenous mRNA were studied in cell-free systems from normal rabbit liver and 6-12-24 h after experimental myocardial infarction. The decrease of the total protein synthesis in the crude cell-free system from the liver of experimental animals was shown to depend on the lack of energy supply rather than on the reduced activity of the protein-synthesizing apparatus. The relative drop of protein synthesis in the cell-free system with saturating concentration of ATP, GTP and creatine phosphate is likely to be connected with a decrease in the proportion of membrane-bound polysomes.
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PMID:[Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of rabbits in experimental myocardial infarct]. 396 73

Characterization of microphase separated structure, interaction with blood components, such as lipids, and fatigue behavior after immersion in blood components were carried out for segmented poly(urethaneureas). The materials studied were Biomer and segmented poly(urethaneurea) (TU-Mn) composed of hard segment with 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)-ethylenediamine (EDA) or 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DAM) and soft segment with MDI-polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) [Mn of 856, 1350, and 2000]. Small-angle x-ray scattering, wide-angle x-ray diffraction, and dynamic viscoelastic measurements revealed that these materials showed the state of microphase separation. TU-Mn with PtMG of Mn = 856 shows the partial phase mixing between hard and soft segments, and phase separation was improved with an increase of Mn of PTMG. Biomer has the characteristics of stronger aggregation of hard segment than that of TU-Mn. All the specimen showed lipid absorption, but the amount of absorption decreased remarkably after precoating on the specimen surface with serum albumin. Lipid absorption of the specimen was confirmed by dynamic viscoelastic and IR measurements. In the case of segmented poly(urethaneurea) which did not immersed in lipids solution, their fatigue strength are sufficient for application to artificial heart systems. However, fatigue strength of the TU-Mn series was decreased drastically after absorption of lipids. On the other hand, Biomer did not show a decrease of fatigue strength after lipid absorption. The reduction of fatigue strength in the TU-Mn series after lipid absorption will be attributed to the weak aggregation of hard segment domain. This reduction of fatigue strength in the TU-Mn series is characterized by formation of microcrack and mirror zone in fatigue fractured specimen. As the precoating of the specimen surface with serum albumin inhibits the absorption of lipids, the reduction of fatigue strength was not observed for the specimen precoated with serum albumin even after immersing the TU-Mn series in lipids solution for 96 days.
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PMID:Effect of aggregation state of hard segment in segmented poly(urethaneureas) on their fatigue behavior after interaction with blood components. 407 70

In the cirrhotic rat liver induced by phenobarbitone and carbon tetrachloride, adenylate energy charge, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and respiratory enzyme concentrations were studied along with serum albumin concentrations. Cytochrome a (+a3) concentrations of the liver increased with the severity of cirrhosis and were negatively correlated with the ATP-synthesizing ability per unit of cytochrome a (+a3). These changes were associated with the decrease in hepatic energy charge. Such decreased energy charge may be responsible for the decreased serum albumin level in the cirrhotic rat. It is suggested that such falls in hepatic energy charge may be one of the most important factors contributing to the decreased functional reserve of cirrhotic patients.
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PMID:Adenylate energy charge and cytochrome a (+a3) in the cirrhotic rat liver. 609 79

The effectiveness of enteral and parenteral feeding in supporting a satisfactory nutrition status and/or reversing protein-energy malnutrition was evaluated in nine children, ages 1 to 7 years (eight female), with Wilms' tumors. At the onset of treatment, eight patients received comprehensive enteral nutrition (CEN) which included intense nutritional counseling and oral supplements while one received total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Despite CEN, the initial, intense treatment period was associated with a decreased energy intake (64 +/- 27% Recommended Dietary Allowances), dramatic weight loss (22 +/- 7% by 26 +/- 17 days from the beginning of treatment), decreased skinfold thickness (< 10th percentile), and decreased albumin concentrations (< 3.2 g/dl). Four of those who initially received CEN subsequently required TPN. A total of five patients received TPN for a mean of 31 days (range 11 to 60); kcal averaged 105 +/- 9% Recommended Dietary Allowances during weight gain. At onset of TPN, the mean albumin, transferrin, total lymphocyte count were 3.02 +/- 0.45 g/dl, 155 +/- 40 mg/dl, and, 655 +/- 437/mm3, respectively; all children had abnormal anthropometric measurements and anergy to recall skin test antigens. TPN for 28 or more days supported weight gain (+ 2.44 kg), increased serum albumin (+ 0.58 +/- 0.47 g/dl) and transferrin (+ 76 +/- 34 mg/dl), and reversed anergy despite low total lymphocyte counts. During maintenance treatment, nutritional status was maintained or restored with CEN in the group who responded. These preliminary data document the severity of protein-energy malnutrition which accompanies initial, intense treatment of children with Wilms' tumors, the nutritional and immunological benefits of TPN during continuing intense treatment and the effectiveness of CEN in maintaining a satisfactory nutritional status during maintenance treatment.
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PMID:Effectiveness of enteral and parenteral nutrition in the nutritional management of children with Wilms' tumors. 625 53

To investigate the role of high-intensity intermittent exercise on adaptations in blood volume and selected hematological measures, four male subjects aged 19-23 yr [peak O2 consumption (VO2max) = 53 ml X min-1 X kg-1] performed supramaximal (120% VO2max) cycle exercise on 3 consecutive days. Each exercise session consisted of intermittent work performed as bouts of 1-min work to 4-min rest until fatigue or until a maximum of 24 repetitions had been completed. Measurements on blood samples were made before the exercise period and 24 h after the last exercise session. Plasma volume (PV) estimated using 131I-human serum albumin increased by 11.6% (3,504 vs. 3,912 ml; P less than 0.05). Total blood volume (TBV) based on PV and hematocrit (Hct) values increased by 4.5% (5,798 vs. 6,059 ml; P less than 0.05), whereas red cell volume (RCV) decreased by 6.4% (2,294 vs. 2,147 ml; P less than 0.05). Measurements of hematological indices indicated significant reductions (P less than 0.05) in whole-blood Hct (39.7 vs. 35.5%), hemoglobin concentration (15.5 vs. 13.9 g/100 ml), hemoglobin content (897 vs. 839 g), and red blood cell count (5.15 vs. 4.55 X 10(6) X mm-3). The findings of this study suggest that exercise intensity is a major factor in promoting exercise-induced hypervolemia and that rapid elevations in PV can be induced early in training.
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PMID:Alterations in blood volume following short-term supramaximal exercise. 669 14

Skeletal muscle function, body composition (total body nitrogen and total body potassium) and standard parameters of nutritional assessment were measured in six severely depleted patients with primary anorexia nervosa, both on admission and during oral refeeding. The function of the adductor pollicis muscle was assessed by electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve. On admission muscle function was markedly abnormal in the patients with anorexia nervosa (n = 6) compared with normal subjects (n = 22), with a significant increase in the force of contraction at 10 Hz, with a mean +/- SEM of 48.0 +/- 3.7% and 28.8 +/- 1.2%, respectively (p less than 0.001). There was slowing of the maximal relaxation rate, 6.6 +/- 0.6% and 9.6 +/- 0.2%, respectively (p less than 0.001) and increased muscle fatigue 18.6 +/- 5.9% and 3.5 +/- 0.8%, respectively (p less than 0.01). Initially, the mean serum albumin was normal (4.0 +/- 0.1 g/dl), although there was evidence of severe depletion of somatic protein stores, with a low total body nitrogen and creatinine-height index. Within 4 wk of oral refeeding, maximal relaxation rate and muscle fatigability were restored to normal, and within 8 wk all parameters of muscle function were normal. During the study total body nitrogen increased by only 13% and was still 19.4% below the predicted normal total body nitrogen, whereas total body potassium increased by 32% and body fat by 46%. Normalization of muscle function may be related to restoration of muscle electrolytes rather than repletion of body nitrogen.
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PMID:A comparison between muscle function and body composition in anorexia nervosa: the effect of refeeding. 688 Oct 81

The records of 455 children were reviewed to investigate the relationship of nutritional status at time of first referral to various measurements of disease and survival. Initial symptoms of weight loss, anorexia, fatigue, and early satiety were all directly correlated. Serum albumin level and nutritional status were not directly correlated. Likewise, there was no direct relationship between performance status and nutritional status. However, higher values of serum albumin were associated with better performance status. Nutritional status was directly related to freedom from relapse among children with solid tumors whether they had localized or non-localized disease. In addition, improved survival was related to good nutritional status for children with localized disease, whereas those with advanced disease had a poorer survival regardless of their nutritional status. Nutritional status appears to have prognostic implications among children with cancer.
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PMID:A study of the nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients. 731 6

Silicone implants have been associated with the development of multiple organ system abnormalities, including rheumatic disorders, nervous system, pulmonary dysfunction associated with autoantibodies and abnormalities of cellular immunity. In this regards a number of case reports and series of articles have been described. We hypothesized that an immune reaction to silicone breast implants would include the host reactivity against silicone and the macromolecules within the microenvironment of the implant, and these autoantibodies may react with other tissue antigens far from the site of the implant. To test this hypothesis 520 Symptomatic women with Silicone Implants which have developed Silicone related Immunological disorders and have typically complained of breast pain, Myalgia-Arthralgia, fatigue, or generalized pain, were examined by their physician. Blood samples were obtained and examined for the presence of Silicone antibodies, Myelin Basic Protein and human serum albumin antibodies. These samples were then compared to 520 matched controls without implants. At least at the level of two standard deviation silicone specific antibodies, IgG, IgA IgM, IgE and IgG+IgA+IgM antibodies were detected above the mean of normal controls. When these antibodies were classified based on the specialty of the examining physician, the % of patients with Silicone Antibodies were varied; general practice 51.6, Rheumatology 58.7, and Plastic Surgery 83.3, which may relate to the severeness of the disease. Being that a large % of patients demonstrated very high levels of Myelin Basic Protein Antibodies, possible cross reactive antibodies were sought. However, absorption of highly positive sera for Silicone Antibodies with MBP did not change the levels of Silicone Antibodies. On the other hand, Silicone-HSA was able to reduce the antibody values significantly. This reduction in antibody levels by Silicone is the best indication for the specificity of these antibodies. Moreover when data for silicone antibodies and MBP antibodies was analyzed in patients some with high and others with medium or low levels of silicone antibodies, MBP antibodies did not correspond to the silicone antibody levels. Similarly human serum albumin antibodies which was significantly higher in patients with silicone implants did not correlate with levels of silicone antibodies. These results indicate that immune reaction to silicone and different tissue antigens do occur and they are initiated through different mechanisms. And since predominant antibody class against silicone, MBP and HSA was IgM, clonal activation of IgM is possible which certainly warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Antibody to silicone and native macromolecules in women with silicone breast implants. 753 75

The clinical, biochemical and histological features of 102 consecutively referred patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection were analysed. Demographic, epidemiological, biochemical, haematological and histological details were catalogued for each patient. The mean follow-up was 49 +/- 6 months. Liver biopsies were obtained from 92 patients; a second biopsy was obtained from 35 patients. The average known duration of infection was 8.6 +/- 0.7 years. The most common risk factors that could be identified were past blood transfusion, surgery or intravenous drug abuse. Twenty-four of the 27 patients (85%) with past blood transfusion had received blood in countries outside of northern Europe. In contrast, 12 of the 16 former drug users were northern European. Patients were frequently diagnosed incidentally; one-quarter had no symptoms of liver disease and were generally asymptomatic or had presented with non-specific complaints and were found to have abnormal serum aminotransferase levels after routine screening. The mean serum aminotransferase levels were not significantly different in those presenting with fatigue compared to those diagnosed incidentally. The most common physical sign in these patients was a palpable liver, which was present in 52%. The mean serum albumin concentration in patients older than 40 years was significantly lower than that in younger patients. Splenomegaly and endoscopic evidence of varices was also more common in older patients. Cirrhosis was present in 37% of patients at presentation: 20% showed progression on rebiopsy, and 5% developed cirrhosis within 4 years of initial presentation. Of those treated, 27% showed histological improvement. Histological severity did not correlate with duration of disease, but did correlate with age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical, biochemical and histological features in 102 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. 846 87

Serum albumin (SA) is a powerful predictor of patient morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis, but data are limited for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). SA was monitored in 76 new CAPD patients over 222 6-month periods and mean SA was correlated with morbidity and mortality during those periods. The influence of initial SA on duration of technique survival was also investigated. To determine which factors best predict SA, correlations with patient demographics and with 6-month measurements of dialytic dose, protein intake, and peritoneal transport were sought. Mean SA overall was 34.1 +/- 3.3 g/L, and mean initial SA was 33.4 +/- 3.1 g/L. Mean SA was lower in diabetics and in those aged 65 or over. Mean SA tended to increase during the first year on CAPD, and this increase was maintained, except in patients aged 65 or over, where it tended to revert to initial values. SA correlated with hospital days (r = -0.20; P < 0.005), fatigue index (r = -0.20; P < 0.005), nerve conduction (P < 0.001), and a variety of laboratory values, and lower SA was associated with technique failure (P < 0.03) and death (P < 0.07). Initial, as well as ongoing, SA was predictive of technique failure (P < 0.05) and Cox proportional hazards regression showed that this predictive power was independent of age, sex, diabetes, and other factors (P = 0.05). The strongest predictors of low SA by stepwise multiple regression were diabetes, a higher dialysate-to-plasma creatinine equilibration ratio, older age, lower body weight, and shorter time on CAPD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Serum albumin in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis--predictors and correlations with outcomes. 849 Jan 20


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